• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.6 no.9
• /
• pp.2191-2201
• /
• 2012

Traffic classification seeks to assign packet flows to an appropriate quality of service (QoS) class based on flow statistics without the need to examine packet payloads. Classification proceeds in two steps. Classification rules are first built by analyzing traffic traces, and then the classification rules are evaluated using test data. In this paper, we use self-organizing map and K-means clustering as unsupervised machine learning methods to identify the inherent classes in traffic traces. Three clusters were discovered, corresponding to transactional, bulk data transfer, and interactive applications. The K-nearest neighbor classifier was found to be highly accurate for the traffic data and significantly better compared to a minimum mean distance classifier.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.216-229
• /
• 2001

A more interactive teaching-learning system is increasingly necessary in the consumer-oriented environment of distance education. This article would like to suggest a more spontaneous system which is learners at various levels. The suggested system keynotes its efficiency with the introduction of a "mobile agent" concept through which learners are able to network and complete their assignments despite their dispersed environments. This article also suggests some managerial techniques for the systematic management of agent-based learners possessing diverse characteristics. Through this study, we expect more highly effect by offer data adapted to learning goal to learner's ability, get out of uniform web-based teaching-learning.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.192-202
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the significance and insights derived from the experiences of pregnant women in Korea who participated in online prenatal education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study employed the hermeneutic phenomenology framework developed by Colaizzi. It involved 12 pregnant women who participated in online prenatal education provided by public health centers in Chuncheon, Korea. Data collection was achieved through in-depth interviews conducted in Korea from October 2021 to April 2022. Results: In total, 51 significant statements were extracted from the interview data and then categorized into 10 themes. Finally, three categories were formed by merging similar themes. The three basic categories of participants' experiences of online prenatal education were "feeling of safety and comfort in body and mind," "frustrated by a lack of interaction," and "digital education being a double-edged sword." Pregnant women expressed ambivalence regarding the benefits and drawbacks of the online educational experience. They desired more interactive and practical learning opportunities, even as they appreciated the comfort of learning remotely. Conclusion: This study revealed the phenomenon of online prenatal education as an advanced form of distance-based prenatal education instead of the traditional in-person classroom. To maximize the educational effectiveness of this new format, public health center policies must address the digital literacy gap and enhance accessibility by leveraging the immersive multimedia experiences that online education offers to pregnant women. We recommend that maternal healthcare providers adopt this innovative approach to prenatal education, utilizing distance education technology to improve participation and promote immersion.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.121-133
• /
• 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the efficacy and future potential of a newly-emerging concept of a metaverse in online education environment. In order to achieve this goal, this paper showcases various scenes that happened in the metaverse classes using the ifland app. Through an in-depth analysis of theoretical grounds and preliminary survey findings of 32 university students, this study suggests that as students in a metaverse space are engaged in the interactive learning process and environment with an avatar that projects oneself, it can be an effective educational platform coming from the benefits of gamification and edutainment. In addition, a metaverse space provides existential encounters and hands-on experiences, which in turn increases the level of 3D learning immersion. It may overcome the shortcomings of online live streaming platforms such as Zoom or Webex that provide 2D experiences. Based on the findings, this paper further suggests a blueprint for online education suitable for the transition to a digital society.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.02a
• /
• pp.954-959
• /
• 2006

Virtual Reality simulation enables immersive 3D experience of a Virtual Environment. A simulation-based VE can be used to map real world phenomena into virtual experience. This research studies on the use of Newton's physics law to demonstrate the effects of forces upon object's falling movement, and their effects towards other fallible objects. A reconfigurable simulation enables users to reconfigure the parameters of the objects involved in the simulation, so that they can see different effects from the different configurations, such as force magnitude and distance between objects. This concept is suitable for a classroom learning of physics law. Preliminary implementation is done on a PC with a joystick for 4DOF movement. The graphics is implemented by SGI OpenGL Performer. A middleware called NAVERLib that consists of Performer's modules for easy XML-based configuration is used for management of visualization, network and devices connection, and where the engine of this domino simulation is attached.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.432-441
• /
• 2006

As the community antenna television (CATV) networks becomes ubiquitous, instead of constructing an entirely new broadband network infrastructure, it has emerged as one of the rapid and economic technologies to interconnecting heterogeneous network to provide broadband access to subscribers. How to support ubiquitous real-time multimedia applications, especially in a heavy traffic environment, becomes a critical issue in modern CATV networks. In this paper, we propose a time guaranteed and efficient upstream minislots allocation algorithm for supporting quality-of-service (QoS) traffic over data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS) CATV networks to fulfill the needs of realtime interactive services, such as video telephony, video on demand (VOD), distance learning, and so on. The proposed adaptive fast expansion algorithm and the loading statistics with dynamic swapping algorithm have been shown to perform better than that of the multimedia cable network system (MCNS) DOCSIS.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.79-92
• /
• 2007

To enhance the excellence, effectiveness and economical efficiency in the learning process, we implement a hybrid educational system for engineering experiments where web-based virtual laboratory systems and distance education systems are properly integrated. In the first stage, we designed client/server distributed environment and developed web-based virtual laboratory systems for digital systems and electrical/electronic circuit experiments. The proposed virtual laboratory systems are composed of four important sessions and their management system: concept learning session, virtual experiment session, assessment session. With the aid of the management system every session is organically tied up together to achieve maximum learning efficiency. In the second stage, we have implemented efficient and cost-effective distant laboratory systems for practicing electric/electronic circuits, which can be used to eliminate the lack of reality occurred during virtual laboratory session. The use of simple and user-friendly design allows a large number of people to access our distant laboratory systems easily. Thus, self-guided advanced training is available even if a lot of expensive equipment will not be provided in the on-campus laboratories. The proposed virtual/distant laboratory systems can be used in stand-alone fashion, but to enhance learning efficiency we integrated them and developed a hybrid educational system for engineering experiments. Our hybrid education system provides the learners with interactive learning environment and a new approach for the delivery of engineering experiments.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.127-133
• /
• 2002

In this paper a web-based real-time education system, which is able to support education through multimedia, is suggested for the expansion of learner's creative ability in the school. This system is designed so that it can support three things: 1) a real time interaction between instructors and learners, 2) individual learning through such an interaction, and 3) a coercive distribution of display by instructions for preventing the deviation of learners from learning. Also, this system, which UML is applied to, makes efficient interaction possible through the module for the real-time exchange and management of messages even in the multi-user environment. Through this system, not only the simulation by learners can be made for experiments and practices, but also Questions and respondence can be supported on the procedure of experiments and the analysis of their results. This system is built on constructivism, and aimed at helping the learning progress and knowledge formation of learners.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2011.04a
• /
• pp.346-349
• /
• 2011

In this paper, we design a perceptually invisible dot pattern layout and its recognition scheme, and we apply the recognition scheme into a smart self learning aid for interactive learning aid. To increase maximum information capacity and also increase robustness to the noises, we design a ECC (error correcting code) based dot pattern with directional vector indicator. To make a smart self-learning aid, we embed the micro dot pattern (20 information bit + 15 ECC bits + 9 layout information bit) using K ink (CMYK) and extract the dot pattern using IR (infrared) LED and IR filter based camera, which is embedded in the smart pen. The reason we use K ink is that K ink is a carbon based ink in nature, and carbon is easily recognized with IR even without light. After acquiring IR camera images for the dot patterns, we perform layout adjustment using the 9 layout information bit, and extract 20 information bits from 35 data bits which is composed of 20 information bits and 15 ECC bits. To embed and extract information bits, we use topology based dot pattern recognition scheme which is robust to geometric distortion which is very usual in camera based recognition scheme. Topology based pattern recognition traces next information bit symbols using topological distance measurement from the pivot information bit. We implemented and experimented with sample patterns, and it shows that we can achieve almost 99% recognition for our embedding patterns.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2021.08a
• /
• pp.187-192
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is a method to discover problems and improve them by analyzing the status of software education of A primary school conducted by online class. The coronavirus infection-19(COVID-19) pandemic, which began in early 2020, has continued to delay the start of the new semester. Finally, on April 9, 2020, the first semester began with online class. While progressing non-face to face online class, most students said they had difficulties. Students solved difficulties in class with Internet searches or program hints, not teachers. In the post-class self-evaluation, most students answered that there was no increase in coding skills. To solve this problem, the school rents additional smart devices to student. schools should have real-time interactive classes. After covid 19, online class became a paradigm for classes. Therefore, software education will also require research and development of curriculum and teaching learning methods suitable for online classes.