• Archives of design research
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 2003

This study attempted to explore the guidelines for designing the contents of on-line learning in design field. The studies on the characteristics of design education and design major students as well as the guidelines for on-line learning were also reviewed. The guidelines for designing the contents of distance learning in design field were suggested through the synthesis and analysis of the former studies and the characteristics of design education and the learning style of Korean students. It could be concluded that the considerations were categorized into the following factors; quality of instruction, quality of presentation technique, quality of interaction, quality of evaluation and other surrounding factors. The finding can be used as a helpful guideline for the instructors of the design field who start on-line learning.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.188-202
• /
• 2003

The aim of study was to investigate the effects of 12 forms of Sun-style Tai-Chi for arthritis(TCA) on physical symptom(pain, tenderness, swelling fatigue, and blood pressure), physical function(balance, flexibility, grip strength) and social-psychological health status in osteoarthritis(OA) patients and rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. This study was done with one group pretest-posttest design. A total 21 arthritis patients(6 OA patient and 15 RA patient) participated in 60 minute session consisting of warm-up exercise 12-main movement including qigong, and cool-down exercise twice a week for 6weeks. Physiological and social-psychological variables were measured before and after TCA 12 form. The researcher who completed a Tai Chi workshop for exercise leaders in Australia and Seoul taught the Tai Chi movement step by step until the patient felt comfort enough to perform them correctly by themselves during the first 4 weeks. At the last 2 weeks, the subject perform 10-15set of these at a session with traditional music to help patients move in a slow tempo. TCA 12 forms program showed significant improvement in fatigue(p=0.039) of rheumatoid arthritis patient and pain(p=0.006), fatigue(p=0.013), tenderness(p=0.032), flexibility(rt arm up, p=0.014, If arm up, P=0.003), grip strength(rt hand, p=0.002, If hand, P=0.003) of osteoarthritis patients. With assessment by Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale 2 questionnaire(AIMS2), physical component(0.002) and social interaction(0.025) on osteoarthritis patients were significantly improved. Evaluation of the participants about TCA exercise noted that the exercise was fairly easy(23.6%), moderately difficult(57.1%), and fairly difficult(14.3%). Considering the result of this study, TCA exercise program was more effective in pain, tenderness, grip strength, flexibility, and physical and social interaction on osteoarthritis patients than rheumatoid arthritis patients. Tai-Chi for arthritis 12 form was an appropriate intensity exercise for osteoarthritis patients.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.37-48
• /
• 2002

The following paper deals with the interaction between an Austrian art trend from the late 19th century until World War I, the Vienna Separatist Movement, and the Vienna Workshop dress and its ornaments in part designed by the artists belonging to the former mentioned school. Gustav Klimt′s paintings along with his photographs and pictures and articles published in the "Wiener Mode" magazine were subject of analysis. The focus was on Klimt′s paintings with female themes whereby a comparative analysis was made between the development of the forms, hues and ornaments of clothing and the style of paintings at that time. The whole development was classified into three phases. The first period from 1897∼1905 marks the birth of the Vienna Separatists along with the clothing reform movement. The heyday of the Separatists represents the second phase from 1906∼1913 and the decline of the very school and the Vienna Workshop period lasts from 1913∼1918. Refromed dresses were started to be recognized as alternatives, from 1897 when the Separatists started to gain foot until 1o05, and Kimt and Van de Velde published designs that were comfortable and elegant. From 1906 to 1913 the expressionism and Reform Mode of the Vienna artists started to flourish. But during the War the Separatist Movement, which triggered the modernazation of Vienna declined and instead the decorative art of Vienna Workshops started to develop. The asymmetric design of the dress, exotic patterns, shades of complementary colors and reformed clothing were frequently used by Kimt and other Separatists. This is an instance where fashion design directly influenced art and different branches can reflect the same aesthetic standards within the same time frame.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.425-430
• /
• 2012

By the theories of the physics, the phenomena in the world are understood. And also these theories gave the influence to design the architecture. In this research, the contents which the thought of the physics gives a influence a building design is considered, and try to suggest the interrelation between the physics and architectural design. As the result, the architectural design on the influence of classical physics is based on the homogeneous space and the design focus on the style or form of the building with a geometry plan which is not concerned of the place. On the other hand, contemporary architectural design is based on the thought of the modern physics. By this concepts, the architecture is understood as the area contain the conditions of the circumstance and by interaction between buildings and the environment and by various viewpoints like cubism. And the architecture which is settled recently is shown of the diversity and atypical form.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.77-97
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine 1) the relations among parent-reported, teacher-reported, and task-observed effortful control, and 2) the differences of preschoolers' effortful control based on preschoolers' gender and parenting behaviors (affectionate, controlled). In this study, the subjects were 221 preschoolers (104 boys, 117 girls) and their parents. The preschoolers' effortful controls was measured by Effortful Control Battery (Snack Delay, Turtle and Rabbit, and Red-Green Sign) and the Children's Behavior Questionnaire-Short Form. Parenting behavior was measured by the Parenting Style scale. The major results of this study were as follows. First, there were positive correlations between parent-reported effortful control and both teacher-reported and task-observed effortful control. Second, there were significant differences in preschoolers' effortful control by gender and level of affectionate parenting behavior. And there was an interaction effect between gender and level of affectionate parenting behavior on preschoolers' effortful control. The implications of this study were as follows. It is needed to evaluate effortful control in various circumstances and by multiple raters, and affectionate parenting behavior had an important role upon boys' effortful control rather than that of girls.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 2019

Through the criticism and evaluation of different classes teaching the same lesson topic, this study compared the viewpoints by two ways between two groups including pre-service and experienced teachers. Through free-style criticism, this study analyzed the differences between pre-service and experienced teachers' areas of attention. Through criteria-based analysis, the study analyzed the judgement of each area and the criteria of each judgement. The results of the study found that pre-service teachers criticised more limited areas, but somewhat more positive than their experienced teacher counterparts. Also, pre-service teachers did not observe thoroughly whether or not the teacher was well-informed of the science content, the sequence of curriculum, and whether or not meaningful interaction had occurred. As well as, pre-service teachers were not actually feel importance of student-oriented lessons, and they could not look room and materials are useful to students on students' sides. Additionally, pre-service teachers thought highly of lessons which were connected to other subjects rather than connected to daily life. Therefore, to notice diverse areas in the class, pre-service teachers need to criticise lessons using a diverse criterion. Also, pre-service teachers realized simple questions and that mechanical group activities are not always effective and that they need to think how to improve meaningful interaction. Moreover, they have to perceive that an inquiry-oriented student-lead approach is very important. Lastly, pre-service teachers have to closely consider the room efficiency and materials available to the students, and they must internalize that science class has to be connected with daily life.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.106-115
• /
• 2009

In this study, classroom instructions of teachers who participate in the science teachers' community were videotaped and analyzed to understand their teaching professionalism. Among the "Standards for teaching evaluation of science instruction" developed by Korea Education Curriculum and Assessment, 12 evaluation elements were selected and used for data analysis. First of all, the results indicate that most of the teachers show the highest teaching level in the interaction between student and teacher, and the lowest in the statement of teaching object as the teaching evaluation element. Second, from the viewpoint of the teaching level, all of the teachers at the superior level were veterans whose teaching careers have spanned longer than 15 years. It was found that they used various teaching materials in class and designed meaningful learning programs for their students. Compared with teachers at the superior level, beginning teachers used limited teaching materials due to their lack of experience. In addition, their instruction falls short of flexible management in teaching. The results show that they tend to teach in a somewhat rigid style that does not have sufficient positive interaction with students.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.23 no.2 s.74
• /
• pp.107-125
• /
• 2005

Each ethnic group has a different cultural background and has developed its own culture in the name of a tradition. The interaction between different cultures is ever increasing through the process of acculturation or culture contact The purpose of this study is to provide baseline information about domestic living of Korean immigrants in Australia and Australians for a larger cross-cultural study project. As the first step, the usage of domestic space and seating styles of 52 Korean households in Melbourne were analyzed. Ethnographic research was conducted, utilizing a questionnaire. The findings of this research are as follows: 1. The most popular type of Living-Dining-Kitchen arrangement was the one which the kitchen is separated from the living and dining area. The level of satisfaction was the highest when the living room, dining room, and kitchen were all separated. 2. A laundry room was indispensable for Koreans in Australia, and they wanted to dry laundry and do ironing in there. Most people were satisfied with the toilet separated from the bathroom A drain hole on the floor of the bathroom was not indispensable for most Korean-Australians. 3. Korean-Australians tend to engage in various activities in their individual rooms, and they estimated that the size of most rooms were small. They also wanted to renovate the house to expand the rooms. 4. The seating style of Korean-Australians was mostly chair-seating. Yet, they often made beds on the floor for guests, and made kimchi sitting on the floor. Also, when they were relaxing, they were using both chair-seating and floor-seating. 5. Korean-Australians were not very satisfied with the use of floor carpets because of the dust collected on the carpets, and the difficulty to clean. It may be related to their preferred floor seating style, as well. 6. Almost all Korean-Australians take off their shoes inside of the house for hygienic reasons. They had a shoes cabinet at the entrance inside of the house. 7. The most popular heating system was ducted heating. The level of satisfaction about this was moderate because hot air contains lots of dust and it makes rooms very dry. Many were using electric blankets and their desired heating system was Ondol (heated floor). 8. Korean-Australians thought that the living room was the most important place for the family, and believed it should be decorated well to entertain guests. They also pointed out that the lighting was not bright enough in general.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.119-129
• /
• 2018

Today, many organizations, including venture companies, are focusing on attention on securing and attracting talented people, and on the job satisfaction of their members. However, many organizations, including venture companies, lack understanding of work-family interaction. This study was conducted to investigate the interactions between work and family. Specifically, this study aims to verify the mediating effects of paternal involvement in child care, specifically effects on influences of autonomy at work over satisfaction at work for Dual-income married man living in Gyungbuk province, whose spouse is also working. In order to achieve the aim, I conducted survey from August 29 to September 22 in 2014, targeting married man living in Gyungbuk province, and collected data were analysed using SPSS 20.0. Characteristics of each factors were analysed through frequency and descriptive statistic analysis, and correlation, causal relation, and mediating effects of factors were analysed through correlation analysis and hierarchial analysis. The summary of this study is as follows. First, satisfaction at work for married man showed positive relations with all the sub factors of autonomy at work and paternal involvement, which are housekeeping activities, cognitive fulfillment counselling, life style counselling, and leisure activity participation. Second, satisfaction at work for married man appears to be affected by autonomy at work, life style counselling, leisure activity participation, monthly income, and occupation. Also, in relationship between autonomy at work and satisfaction at work, life style counselling and leisure activity participation, that are sub factors of paternal involvement, appeared to be partially mediating. Therefore, in order to improve the job satisfaction of men, it is necessary not only to increase job autonomy, but also to improve the job satisfaction by preparing ways to parenting involvement.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2019

This paper dealt with how realization of pauses in utterance is affected by speech style, gender, and generation. For this purpose, we analyzed the frequency and duration of pauses. Pauses were categorized into four types: pause with breath, pause with no breath, utterance medial pause, and utterance final pause. Forty-eight subjects living in Seoul were chosen from the Korean Standard Speech Database. All subjects engaged in reading and spontaneous speech, through which we could also compare the realization between the two speech styles. The results showed that utterance final pauses had longer durations than utterance medial pauses. It means that utterance final pause has a function that signals the end of an utterance to the audience. For difference between tasks, spontaneous speech had longer and more frequent pauses because of cognitive reasons. With regard to gender variables, women produced shorter and less frequent pauses. For male speakers, the duration of pauses with breath was significantly longer. Finally, for generation variable, older speakers produced more frequent pauses. In addition, the results showed several interaction effects. Male speakers produced longer pauses, but this gender effect was more prominent at the utterance final position.