• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2009

All organisms are being exposed to harmful factors present in the environmental. The combined action of various factors is a distinguishing feature of modern life. An interaction between two chemicals is considered as synergistic when the effect produced is greater than the sum of the two single responses. The biological effects due to the combined action of ionizing radiation with the other factor are hard to estimate and predict in advance. In the current study, we investigated the synergistic effects between ionizing and $HgCl_2$ using fish hepatoma cells (PLHC-1 cells). The results showed a dramatic decrease of cell viability after simultaneous treatment of PLHC-1 cells with ionizing radiation and $HgCl_2$. Neiither of the two had any cytotoxic effect when treated alone. The cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation was enhanced in the presence of $HgCl_2$. The synergistic effects were observed after exposure of the PLHC-1 cells to ionizing radiation combined with $HgCl_2$. The synergistic interaction was due to an increase of irreversibly damaged cells after the combined exposure. Analysis of the extent of synergistic interaction enables to make quantitative estimation of irreversibly damaged cells after the combined exposure. The present study suggests that PLHC-1 cells can serve as rapid screening tools for detecting the toxicity of harmful factors.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.58-72
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of fermented soybean on body weight, body fat, serum lipid profiles in obese women, especially specific to menopausal woman. Methods: Sixty healthy obese volunteers who visited ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University Oriental Hospital from May 20th, 2014 to September 25th, 2014 took part in clinical trial. They divided into 2 groups, 30 volunteers allocated to fermented soybean and other 30 to placebo group. Body weight, BMI, waist and hip ratio, serum lipid were measured 3 times, and fat percentage, leptin, adiponectin were evaluated 2 times. Results: All 60 volunteers completed 12-week trial. 5 men were excluded, and 2 women against the clinical decision rule were excluded. In the end, 53 women were studied as clinical subjects. After 12 weeks intervention, there was no effects in comparison of group by time interaction. Without considering time interaction, there was a significant difference in triglyceride level between soybean group and placebo group (p=0.044). Treatment group were dividing by age 40, a group in age 40 or over 40, and other group aged below 40. There was a significant difference in group by time interaction of total cholesterol level, and without considering time interaction, there was a significant change in waist-hip ratio between groups. Conclusions: There were no effects on weight and body fat decrease in 12-week trial using fermented soybean as a supplement. But there were significant differences in triglyceride change between the treatment and placebo groups, also cholesterol and waist and hip ratio in soybean group divided by age 40. It seems that fermented soybean is effected on improving serum lipid profiles.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1069-1082
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine how integrative art therapy affected the interaction of children with developmental disorder with their mothers from the viewpoint of object-relation theory that accentuated mother role for the promotion of mother-child interaction, and based on earlier studies on mother-child interaction and the interaction of children with developmental disorder with their mothers. The subjects in this study are five selected children and their mothers who used B and G social welfare agencies in Gyeonggi province. They are at the age of five and six in Western age, and have difficulties interacting with their parents. When a social maturity test is conducted, their social age ranged from 2.1 to 3.9, and as Portage Test is implemented, their developmental levels of sociability, cognition and language were identical to those of younger children who were at the age of one to 3.5. The major findings of the study are as follows. First, the children who suffered from developmental disorder and participated in this study showed a positive change in their interaction with their mothers. Second, as for connections between each session and mother-child interaction, most of them came to interact with their mothers better as the program came to an end.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.645-672
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• 2013

The differential settlements and rotations among footings cannot be avoided when the frame-footing-soil system is subjected to seismic/dynamic loading. Also, there may be a situation where column(s) of a building are located near adjoining property line causes eccentric loading on foundation system. The strap beams may be provided to control the rotation of the footings within permissible limits caused due to such eccentric loading. In the present work, the seismic interaction analysis of a three-bay three-storey, space frame-footing-strap beam-soil system is carried out to investigate the interaction behavior using finite element software (ANSYS). The RCC structure and their foundation are assumed to behave in linear manner while the supporting soil mass is treated as nonlinear elastic material. The seismic interaction analyses of space frame-isolated footing-soil and space frame-strap footing-soil systems are carried out to evaluate the forces in the columns. The results indicate that the bending moments of very high magnitude are induced at column bases resting on eccentric footing of frame-isolated footing-soil interaction system. However, use of strap beams controls these moments quite effectively. The soil-structure interaction effect causes significant redistribution of column forces compared to non-interaction analysis. The axial forces in the columns are distributed more uniformly when the interaction effects are considered in the analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.126-126
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.20-21
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.6.2-6
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• 2001

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.42-51
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• 2010

For the fractional factorial designs, the resolution-IV designs can be used when we want to estimate the main effects and to investigate the structure of the non-negligible two-factor interaction effects, when the three-factor and higher order interaction effects are all negligible. However we need to add the additional treatment combinations in order to identify the influential interactions for the resolution-IV fractional factorial designs. In this paper we investigate the statistical structure for 3-level resolution-IV designs constructed by fold-over scheme and introduce a method for analyzing the influential two-factor interactions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.129-138
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• 2010

For the fractional factorial designs, the resolution-IV designs can be used when we want to estimate the main effects and to investigate the structure of the non-negligible two-factor interaction effects, when the three-factor and higher order interaction effects are all negligible. However we need to add the additional treatment combination in order to identify the influential interactions for the resolution-IV fracrtional factorial designs. In this paper we investigate the statistical structure for 3-level resolution-IV designs constructed by fold-over scheme and introduce a method for analyzing the influential two-factor interactions.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 1997

This study is to develop a practical calculation method of hydrodynamic force and motion response on very large floating structures of multiple legs. To investigate the effecr of hydrodynamic interfaction and of free surface on the reaponses of very large floating structures in regular waves, four kind of models are considered, ie. 1, 4, 64, 21248 column with footing. Based upon the results of this study, it is found that the middle parts of very large floating structures have small diffration effects. Therefore only out side parts are used to determine the hydrodynamic forcea for taking into account the effects of interaction.