• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find out the treatment patterns of Children with cerebral palsy, and to analyze the effect of physical function level and treatment intensity on improvement of physical function in children with cerebral palsy for six months. METHODS: Participants were 126 children (boys 83, girls 43) diagnosed cerebral palsy that the mean age was at 33months, ranged from 8 months to 77 months. We collected data related on demography and disable characteristic, treatment pattern using by questionnaire constructed ourselves for six months on caregivers. The treatment pattern includes, type, frequency, and institute of treatment. We performed the evaluation of Gross Motor Function Measurement (GMFM) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) between pre and post for six months in order to find out improvement of physical function. We analyzed the effect of physical functional level measured by Gross Motor Functional Classification system, age, treatment intensity on physical function using by repeated measures ANOVA for SPSS PC ver. 22.0. RESULTS: The average of treatment frequency for physical therapy was 5.74 times per week, occupational therapy was 3.96 times, speech therapy was 2.96 times, treatment for accompanying disability was 3.12 times. Physical function level and age was significantly factors affecting improvement of physical function, there was no significant difference according to treatment intensity. CONCLUSION: We suggest that physical function and age might be important factors on improvement of physical function and professional rehabilitation team must consider the appropriate treatment type customized to each children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.37-43
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• 2022

PURPOSE: To find out how wearing a mask due to COVID-19 affects cardiovascular function as the pace of walking changes. METHODS: Forty-nine college students (27 men, 22 women) were subjected to treadmill exercises without masks (Group I) and wearing masks (Group II). The body temperature, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and blood pressure were measured to determine the changes in cardiovascular function. These parameters were measured at rest (Control I), low-intensity (Control II), medium-intensity (Control III), and high-intensity (Control IV) before and after exercise. RESULTS: Significant differences in heart rate were observed between Control III and Control IV, and a significant difference in oxygen saturation was noted in Control IV. Significant differences in the exercise intensity change in Group II were as follows: Body temperature was Control IV compared to Control I and Control II, heart rate was Control III and Control IV compared to Control I and Control II, and Control IV compared to Control III. The heart rate was Control III and Control IV compared to Control I and Control II, Control IV for Control III, oxygen saturation was Control IV compared to Control I, blood pressure was Control II and Control III and Control IV compared to Control I, and Control IV compared to Control II. CONCLUSION: Exercising when wearing a mask affects the cardiovascular system. Therapists should consider the patient's condition when setting the exercise intensity. In particular, therapists should be more careful when setting the exercise intensity of patients with cardiovascular disease.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.409-414
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• 2007

In spite of many studies of the acoustic field visualization by using sonoluminescence phenomena, the visualization method has not been used widely because it needs high acoustic intensity to get the luminescence intensity enough to observe. Recently, the digital camera with high resolution and big memory makes it possible to get the digital image data even though the brightness of the image is too weak to observe with naked eyes. In this study we investigated the variation of sonoluminescence intensity with the acoustic intensity from an ultrasonic transducer. From this result, the inverse function, which makes the tendency of the variation to linear, was obtained. Using the order of the inverse function, we can expect a matching function. Applying the matching function to digital image data, the distribution of the histogram could be controlled appropriately and the image from relatively weak acoustic intensity could be enhanced by the method.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.703-713
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• 2001

Mechanical joints such as bolted or riveted joints are widely used in structural components and the reliable determination of the stress intensity factors for corner cracks in mechanical joints is needed to evaluate the safety and fatigue life. This paper analyzes the mixed-mode stress intensity factors of surface and deepest points for quarter elliptical corner cracks in mechanical joints by weight function method and the coefficients included in weight function are determined by finite element analyses for reference loadings. The extended form of the weight function method for two-dimensional mixed-mode to three-dimensional is presented and the number of terms in weight function is determined by comparing the results for the different number of terms. The amount of clearance is an important factor in evaluating the severity of elliptical corner cracks in mechanical joints and even horizontal crack normal to the applied load is under mixed-mode in the case that clearance exists.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.981-989
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• 1995

A new weight function approach to determine SIF(stress intensity factor) using single-layer potential has been presented. The crack surface displacement field was represented by one boundary integral term whose kernel was modified from Kelvin's fundamental solution. The proposed method enables the calculation of SIF using only one SIF solution without any modification for the crack geometries symmetric in two-dimensional plane such as a center crack in a plate with or without an internal hole, double edge cracks, circumferential crack or radial cracks in a pipe. The application procedure to those crack problems is very simple and straightforward with only one SIF solution. The necessary information in the analysis is two reference SIFs. The analysis results using present closed-form solution were in good agreement with those of the literature.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.679-682
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• 2003

We report the suitable SLS (sequential lateral solidification) as a function of laser intensity. Precursor film is changed from 50nm to 100nm and is deposited on glass substrate by PECVD. We can find the suitable SLS length by changing the mask size. In this paper, we present the well-defined grain growth conditions as a function of laser intensity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.232-244
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• 1997

In this paper weight function theory is extended to the determination of the stress intensity factors for the mode I in elliptic crack. For the calculation of the fundamental fields Poisson's theorem and Ferrers's method were employed. Fundamental fields are constructed by single layer potentials with surface density of crack harmonic fundamental polynimials. Crack harmonic fundamental polynimials up to order four were given explicitly. As an example of the application of the weight function theory the stress intensity factors along crack tips in nearly penny-shaped elliptic crack are calculated.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.999-1005
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity cardiac rehabilitation exercise on the cardiac function and the degree of fibrosis in an older white rat model. This study used male Sprague-Dawley white rats that were 50 weeks old. After the acute myocardial infarction induction, Twenty of the rats were randomly allocated into an experimental group and a control group, and each of the groups consisted of 8 rats. In the experimental group, the exercise was conducted for six weeks, 30 minutes a day, five days a week, using a Rotarod treadmill for animals. The degree of myocardial fibrosis was significantly repressed in the experimental group($13.69{\pm}1.90%$) and in the control group($15.67{\pm}1.54%$)(p<0.05). However, fractional shortening and ejection fraction did not show a significant difference. The results of this study suggest that cardiac rehabilitation with low intensity treadmill exercise repress the myocardial fibrosis.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.75-97
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• 2012

The purpose of the paper is to estimate the functions of the energy input efficiency and the energy intensity efficiency, and measure their energy efficiencies for the reduction of greenhouse gases focusing on OECD countries. The efficiency of the traditional energy intensity was rarely connected with the energy efficiencies of the stochastic frontier function. It seems that the energy efficiency by the function of energy input efficiency sensitively responds to the order of GDP, capital stock, labor, and energy input quantity as explanatory variables. In the future, we need to reduce energy quantities by the optimal mix of inputs, and pursuit low-carbon economic growth through the production of the goods consuming small energy.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.15-17
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• 2006

This paper presents a new global intensity compensation method for extracting moving object in a visual surveillance system by compensating time variant intensity changes of background region. The method that compensates a little changes of intensity due to time variant illumination change and automatic gain control of camera is called global intensity compensation. The proposed method expresses global intensity change with a mapping table to describe complex form of intensity change while the previous method models this global intensity change with a simple function as a straight line. The proposed method builds the mapping table by calculating the cross histogram between two images and then by selecting an initial point for generating the mapping table by using Hough transform applied to the cross histogram image. Then starting from the initial point, the mapping table is generated according to the proposed algorithm based on the assumption that reflects the characteristic of global intensity change. Experimental results show that the proposed method makes the compensation error much smaller than the previous GIC method