• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 1999

This study was intended to use for the fatigue test in real structures and offer basic data for optimum welding structure design. To this purpose, we obserded the effect of the size and distance of plug welding hole on the static strength and fatigue life of welding structure under the shear/bending load for the improvement of fatigue life of plug welding joint between S/MBR and C/MBR in the lower structure of large bus. The result below is shown through this study. 1) Static and fatigue strength are strongly influenced by the direction of plug weld hole distributed. 2) Distances and diameters of the distributed holes are little dependent on the static strengths 3) In case of the directions of the distributed plug weld holes are vertical to the loading pin, fatigue life is dependent on distance of the distributed hole. 4) In case of the directions of the distributed plug weld holes are parallel to the loading pin, fatigue life is dependent on distance of the hole diameter.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.587-592
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the importance of information sources for the choice of dental institution among consumers of dental service and the relationship between their demographic characteristics and information search pattern. And it's found that those who intended to use a dental institution were active in information search through human resources, and that the Internet was utilized as an additional means of information acquisition. Medical service suppliers should direct their energy into providing information in a diverse and efficient manner in order to address the buying needs of medical consumers and expedite their choice.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.257-265
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• 2015

For estimating a net removal of carbon dioxides from a forest carbon offset project, it is necessary to consider secondary emissions occurred from the use of machineries or vehicles. According to the forest carbon standard in Korea, a default rate (5%) could be applied for estimating secondary emissions of small projects, which provide annual net removals less than or equal to $600tCO_2$, while secondary emissions should be estimated for larger projects with field survey. In this study, we intended to develop a methodology for estimating the secondary emission of a forest carbon project. For this purpose, we analyzed the working process and the carbon emissions of the forest management activities for major tree species in Korea. Based on the developed methodology, we estimated the secondary carbon emission of a reforestation project. The result showed that the secondary carbon emission of a reforestation project was estimated between 0.42% and 1.19 % compared to net removals, that is to say that the current default rate in the forest carbon standard could give an overestimated secondary emission.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.9-16
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• 2018

The purpose of this research was influenced by the historical background of Japanese modern architecture by the circulation of Kuma Kengo's architectural works and he wanted to look at the values and directions he was pursuing and how they were expressed in his works. The results of the review are summarized as follows. First, metabolism was developed as a reaction of modernism in modern architecture, focusing on growth through infinite reproduction by looking at architecture and cities as organisms and by using unit space as cells. Kuma Kengo, on the other hand, argues that focusing on the possibility of decimation of unit members by sequencing the elements that make up the space smaller than the unit space is closer to an ecological architecture. Second, what Kuma Kengo says is "erase the architecture" that is naturally related to the environment and disappears when its use is exhausted. His argument is expressed in individual architectural works through 'visual erase', 'particle painting of materials' and 'independence through dependency.' Through this, Kuma Kengo's ecological architectural languages were influenced by the ecological causes of metabolism, but they differed from the perspective of seeing architectural circulation as an organism. If metabolism was intended to realize circulation with growth potential based on the module of unit space, Kuma Kengo sought to implement circulation with the extinction of the unit members of space.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.107-121
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• 2019

The diagnosis and management of gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) and GER disease (GERD) in infants and children remains a challenge. Published guidelines and position papers, along with Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Database were reviewed and summarized with the intent to propose a practical approach and management of GER and GERD for healthcare providers and to standardize and improve the quality of care for infants and children. For this purpose, 2 algorithms were developed, 1 for infants <12 months of age and the other for older children. None of the signs and symptoms of GER and GERD are specific and there is no gold standard diagnostic test or tool. Nutritional management is recommended as a first-line approach in infants, while in children, a therapeutic trial with antacid medication is advised for early management. The practical recommendations from this review are intended to optimize the management of GER in infants and older children and reduce the number of investigations and inappropriate use of medication.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.383-389
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the information display at Yong In University through the use of field observations and surveys to improve the facility that adheres to the user's comfort and accessibility. The study has found that the arrangement of importance of subjects that are more relevant to the intended audience and the placement of the information kiosk at places where people would stay for longer durations have higher chances of absorbing the information provided in the kiosk. Though the study has been investigated in a limited setting of Yong In University, the broader implications of this study can be extend to public spaces that also provide information kiosks.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2021

This paper is intended to apply Mugunghwa, which is the official flower that symbolizes the country, to fashion cultural products to promote the identity and enhance the cultural value of South Korea. The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding and use of tradition. As for study methods, first, the range of uses for Mugunghwa were examined from diverse angles, second, images associated with modern senses that reflect trends were developed to create more value. Third, the role of a cultural ambassador was proposed by adding the image of Mugunghwa to fashion accessories and miscellaneous goods applicable to real life. This was carried out through theoretical and empirical studies, such as literature reviews and case study analysis, and as a result, 13 textile designs and 26 fashion cultural products were developed. It is hoped that the foregoing will enable the pursuit of new values of the image symbolizing the country and the forming a bond, and it is expected that the foregoing can provide opportunities to develop diverse national symbols, thereby enhancing the national image.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.107-117
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• 2023

Purpose: This study attempted to confirm the mediating effect of brand experience and to travel brand community satisfaction in the relationship between the characteristics of brand community contents and travel product purchase intention. This study also investigated the moderating role of consumer characteristics. Research design, data and methodology: Based on a total of 381 bytes of data, hypothesis verification was conducted using Smart-PLS 3.2.8 statistical package programs. Results: First, the content community travel brand attributes, personal affordability and creativity are a lingering fragrances on the intended consumers ' shopping trip. Second, information provision, interaction, and creativity, which are the characteristics of travel brand community content, influenced consumers' intention to purchase travel products through brand community satisfaction. Third, playfulness, vitality, and creativity, which are the characteristics of travel brand community content, influenced consumers' intention to purchase travel products through double mediation of the experience and community satisfaction of brand. Conclusions: Tourism industry managers should be able to market content by forming their own brand community. It is necessary to create an environment in which tourism industry managers can use social media travel brand community content to give discounts to consumers, provide creative, playful and vivid travel information.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2007

Purpose: The primary goal of wound management is to avoid infection. Wounds in all patients presenting to the Emergency Department are contaminated with bacteria. Despite this, there is a low incidence of infection. Unfortunately, physicians continue to use antimicrobial agents indiscriminately. The authors intended to determine the effect of selective antimicrobial agents and the indications for appropriate antimicrobial agent use in traumatic simple wounds. Methods: This prospective study was performed from Jul. 2005 to Aug. 2005. A pilot study had been performed from Nov. 2003 to Jul. 2004 at the Ewha Woman's University Mokdong Hospital. Structured data sheets were completed at the times of the patient's visits to the Emergency Department and to the Outpatient Department for follow-up. Infection was determined at the time of follow-up. The indications of antimicrobial agent use are immunocompromised patients, wounds contaminated for 3 hours or longer, devitalized tissue, and extremity wounds except hand wounds caused by sharp objects. Results: The study enrolled 216 injured patients. The general characteristics of patients and wounds between the two groups were not significantly different. The antimicrobial agent use and infection rate of the pilot study were 227 cases (90.4%) and 10 cases (4.0%), and those of this study were 100 cases (46.3%) and 9 cases (4.1%). In this study, antibiotic use was reduced to almost half compared with the previous study, but the infection rate was similar (p<0.001). Conclusion: Rational use of antimicrobial agents in simple wounds reduced the use of antimicrobial agents in the Emergency Department without increasing the infection rate.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2008

This study was intended to investigate whether the computer use hours affect physical development, dietary habits, and nutritional status or not. One hundred and ninety elementary school students from Gyeonggi province and Seoul were selected and surveyed during December, 2006. Participants were divided into 2 groups: long-time computer user (${\geq}$ 2 hrs./day) and short-time computer user (<2hrs./day). The survey included the questionnaires and anthropometric measurement. A dietary survey was conducted by using 24-hour recall method. The most of long-time computer user accessed computer more often than those of short-time computer user weekly bases. The purpose of the computer use was for the computer game (p < 0.05). Most participants accessed computer after the school at night and at their home. The longer the computer use, the more the body weight and %RBW (p < 0.05). Dietary habits score of long-time computer user 34.5 points) was lower than that of short-time computer user (38.0 points) (p < 0.001). The long-time computer user consumed more fatty foods, instant foods, and sugary foods. In case of dietary habit changes incurred by computer use, the long-time computer user had inferior dietary habits: skipping meals, meal size, appetite, eating speed, weight, exercise, and sleeping trouble (p < 0.05). The long-time computer user consumed less calories than the short-time computer user (p < 0.05). Also, the long-time computer user tended to have lower intakes of vitamin C, Ca, and dietary fiber without significance. From the findings, the longer use of computer by the elementary school children negatively affects their physical development, dietary habits and nutritional status.