• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.961-977
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between learning motivation and task commitment and find sub factors of learning motivation that affect task commitment. For this study 30 science gifted student (4th and 5th grade in elementary school) participated. The survey instruments used for this study were Academic Motivation Scale and Task Commitment Scale. The statistical methods employed for data analysis were the correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The result of this study were as follows: First, the learning motivation and task commitment of science gifted students showed similar levels. But there was differences of strength each sub factors of learning motivation and task commitment. Second, there was a significant positive correlation between learning motivation and task commitment. Also, learning motivation has the explanatory power of predictive variable for the task commitment approximately 49.3%. Expecially learning motivation has significant positive correlation with responsibility and self-control that sub factors of task commitment. Among the sub factor of learning motivation, confidence has most correlations with sub factors of task commitment and significant impact on task commitment. This result indicate that we need to develop learning motivation to improve task commitment and especially develop learning motivation program to grow up confidence of science-gifted.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.413-420
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• 2015

Streambed hydraulic conductivity along the upper reaches of the Gongdo stage of Anseong Stream was estimated through measurements of stream-aquifer exchange rates (using a seepage meter) and vertical hydraulic gradients (using a manually driven piezometer). From the measured data, it was found out that the stream-aquifer exchange rates varied from -1.55 × 10^-6 to 1.77 × 10^-5 m/s, the corresponding vertical hydraulic gradient varied from -0.122 to 0.030, and the values of the streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity were estimated from 1.77 × 10^-5 to 1.97 × 10^-3 m/s, with variations representing local differences. The results are within the general range of streambed hydraulic conductivity values suggested by Calver (2001) and are slightly higher than values previously measured at other stream sites in Korea. The combined use of a drive-point piezometer and seepage meter (both constructed of high-strength stainless steel) is expected to be of practical use in the estimation of streambed hydraulic conductance, given the durability and portability of the instruments.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.193-199
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• 2017

Objectives : Insomnia may be one of the risk factor for suicidal ideation, but little is known about the mechanism by which sleep disturbances confer risk for suicide. The aim of this study was to investigate examine whether insomnia severity would be associated with resilience and suicidal ideation, and whether resilience would mediate the relationship between insomnia and suicidal ideation. Methods : A total of 432 community-dwelling adults(227 male, 205 female,) completed the self-report questionnaire that covered basic socio-demographic data. To assess the psychological variables, the following instruments were applied: Insomnia Severity Index(ISI), Korean Version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(K-CD-RISC), Beck Hopelessness Scale(BHOP) and Scale for Suicidal Ideation(SSI-Beck). People with an ISI score of 8 or higher were defined as insomnia. Results : Greater insomnia symptom severity was significantly associated with higher level of suicidal ideation and lower level of resilience, adjusting for hopelessness, age, sex, presence of family members living together, and household income. Additional analysis revealed that disturbance of sleep initiation and disturbance of sleep maintenance were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Mediation analyses revealed that resilience significantly accounted for the relationship between insomnia symptom severity and suicidal ideation. Conclusions : These findings suggest that the evaluation and control of insomnia and resilience may be needed to reduce the risk of suicide.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.55-74
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• 2013

This study examined the influence of ego-resilience and psychological well-being on job stress in childcare teachers. The participants were 192 childcare teachers in Seoul and Daejeon Metropolitan City. The research instruments were Ego-Resilience by Park(1996), Psychological well-being by Kim(2008), and Job Stress by Hong(2009). Collected data were analysed by descriptive statistics(frequency analysis, mean, & standard deviation) and multiple regression, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for reliability by SPSS PC program. The results were as follows: First, Childcare teachers' perceived ego-resilience was higher than average. Childcare teachers' perceived psychological well-being was higher than average. Childcare teachers' perceived job stress was lower than average. Second, Childcare teachers' perceived ego-resilience and psychological well-being was having significant influences on childcare teachers' perceived job stress. Optimistic thinking and anger control among sub-factors of childcare teachers' perceived ego-resilience and environmental mastery among sub-factors of childcare teachers' perceived psychological well-being explained 46% of variance in childcare teachers' perceived job stress. These results provide informations for reducing job stress in childcare teacher and suggest the basis of an education program for childcare teacher.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.85-93
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• 2011

The music education improves the creative talent, social skills and academic achievement of the students. For the efficient music education, the learner centered study is highly recommended rather than the passive education, which supports self-control in selecting teaching materials, learning patterns and speed. For the successful self learning, it is requested to develop the collaborative educational learning tools, especially electronic collaborators such as H/W and S/W. Though there exist many commercialized electronic instruments and the PC MIDI based softwares, these tools have some limits and problems for the primary student to learn playing the musical instrument by himself. In this paper, we propose a supporting tool implementation method using an electronic keyboard instrument with USB Interface and PC-based software to help the primary student to learn playing the musical instrument. We implemented an electronic keyboard instrument module compactly and at low cost using a PIC18F4550 MCU. PC based software was developed to edit musical score, process the MIDI information, and interact with the electronic keyboard instrument module. This tool can offer a similar keyboard instrument environment and can be incorporated with self learning contents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.676-683
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• 2022

Minimizing patient movement during CT-guided lung biopsy is an important factor in the procedure. To minimize movement, a vacuum cushion was used to evaluate its effectiveness. The subjects of this study were 116 patients aged 40 years or older who had good coordination with postural fixation and breathing control. Posture measurements were performed in the supine position, prone position, oblique position, and lateral position according to each position of the lung lesion biopsy lesion. Measurement positions were measured in the anterior, posterior, right, and left positions based on the anatomical posture. In the prone position, the mean difference between the non-use and the use of the posterior was 1.7905, and t=2.913 (p<0.01), and the mean difference between the non-use/use was statistically significant. The difference between the unused and used averages of left was 2.4105, and the difference between the left averages was also significant with t=3.684 (p<0.01). The difference between the unused and used averages of the right was 2.3263, with t=3.791 (p<0.01). The mean difference between unused and used is statistically significant. As a result of statistical analysis, the biopsy of the lung lesion using a fixation device showed less movement in all postures. It is considered that it is meaningful in that it is possible to conduct a more accurate biopsy procedure and minimize the patient's posture movement by using a fixation device during the CT-guided biopsy of the lung lesion.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.86-97
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• 2012

Ground vibration induced by a bench blasting in the construction site should cause the damage to the structure and indirect damage to a human body, and the vibration level is most practical descriptor for regulating the damage to human body and peak particle velocity is the descriptor for direct damage assesment of the structure. Meantime, the vibration level has not been considered for the blasting design but this study is the case that apply not only peak particle velocity but also vibration level on the blasting design. Also, we strongly believe that this study will be helpful for the management in the blasting site which some civil appeal is concerned. Total 232 measurements of both ppv and vibration level was used to estimate the scale distance. When the regulating threshold was ppv 0.3 cm/s and vibration level 75 decibel, the charge per delay to be estimated with vibration level could be recommended by 1.2~1.4 times than it of ppv. So, it is proven that considering vibration level on the blasting design is reasonable for not only prevention of the civil appeals but also effective blasting. Again, the blasting design which follows the law, "Noise and Vibration Control Act" can actually serve good condition to carry much more economical and effective blasting. The instruments used for this study are the SV-1 model, as first instrument in korea which can measure vibration velocity and vibration level at the same time.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2002

There have been many studies about marginal discrepancy of single restorations made by various systems and materials. But many of statistical inferences are not definite because of sample size, measurement number, measuring instruments. etc. The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal adaptations of the anterior single restorations made by different systems and to consider more desirable statistical methods in analysing the marginal fit. The in vitro marginal discrepancies of three different all-ceramic crown systems (Celay In-Ceram. Conventional In-Ceram. IPS Empress 2 layering technique) and one control group (PFM) were evaluated and compared. The crowns were made from one extracted maxillary central incisor prepared with a 1mm shoulder margin and $6^{\circ}$ taper walls by milling machine. 10 crowns per each system were fabricated. Measurements or a crown were recorded at 50 points that were randomly selected for marginal gap evaluation. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed for the results. Within the limits of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1 Mean gap dimensions and standard deviations at the marginal opening for the maxillary incisor crowns were $98.2{\pm}40.6{\mu}m$ for PFM, $83.5{\pm}18.7{\mu}m$ for Celay In-Ceram, $104.9{\pm}44.1{\mu}m$ for conventional In-Ceram, and $45.5{\pm}11.5{\mu}m$ for IPS Empress 2 layering technique. The IPS Empress 2 system showed the smallest marginal gap (P<0.05). The marginal openings of the other three groups were not significantly different (P<0.05). 2 The marginal discrepancies found in this study were all within clinically acceptable standards ($100\sim150{\mu}m$). 3. When the variable is so controlled that the system may be the only one, mean value is interpreted to be the marginal discrepancy of a restoration which is made by each system and standard deviation is to be technique-sensitivity of each one. 4. From the standard deviations. the copy-milling technique (Celay/In-Ceram) was not considered to be technique-sensitive in comparison with other methods. 5. Parametric analysis is more reliable than non-parametric one in interpretation of the mean and standard deviation. The sample size of each group has to be more than 30 to use parametric statistics. The level of clinically acceptable marginal fit has not been established. Further studies are needed.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.88-99
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• 2003

Background and Objective : The status of development of instruments to assess the 'health status' reflecting the concept of Sasang Constitutional Medicine is still far from satisfaction, despite their importance in building basic data for health promotion, evaluation of effectiveness of treatment, health policy and so on. for these reasons the health scale of Sasang Constitutional Medicine shod be developed. Therefore as from of preliminary research, this study is to review the concept of health and symptoms in health status in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Methods : It was researched as bibliologically with Dong-mu's chief medical writings such as ${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Soose $Bowon{\lrcorner}$(東醫壽世保元)${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Soose Bowon Sasang Chobongyun(東醫壽世保元四象草本卷)${\lrcorner}$ - Results and conclusion : 1. In Sasang Constitutional Medicine, it is suggested that Inherent vitality(命脈實數) has relations to health and Knowledge-Acting(知行) is a primary factor which affects health. And it is thought that Healthy condition(完實無病) is that human being has enough Healthy energy(保命之主) of Small viscera. 2. In Sasang Constitutional Medicine, it is thought that stool, urine, sweating and digestion become important indexes to measure the physical health state. 3. In Sasang Constitutional Medicine, it is thought that the mental health is in control of inclination of mind by golden mean(中庸) and in tranquillity of constant mind according to constitution. 4. In Sasang Constitutional Medicine, it is thought that the social health is state thar can do social acting harmoniously by keeping away from alcohol, sexual appetite, property and power.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.455-470
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• 2007

The usage of appropriate disinfectants is essential for infection control in dental hospitals, dental clinics. Inadequate use of disinfectants is the cause of human or environmental toxicity and is a waste of cost. This study was aimed to assess the level of knowledge on the disinfection and chemical disinfectants among dental workers in dental hospitals, dental clinics. It's ultimately intended to serve as a basis for the preparation of more effective, appropriate educational programs on the disinfection and manuals on the use of disinfectants for dental workers. This study enforced a questionnaire with 184 dental workers employed in dental hospitals, dental clinics from 15 Aug. to 15 Sep. 2007, in the area of Daejeon. The obtained result were as follows; 1. The population sociological feature of dental hospital and dental clinic showed that significant differences of dental service career(pM0.039). Dental service career of dental workers shows; below 3 years 42.9%, 4~6 years 34.7%, more than 7 years 22.4% in dental hospitals, below 3 years 30.4%, 4~6 years 26.7%, more than 7 years 43.0% in dental clinics(pM0.039). 2. The average score of dental workers knowledge in 'Critical item soaks in high-level disinfectants for 20minutes was 2.73V0.49 point, got from knowledge of dental instrument is appropriate to immerse before sterilization in the dental device disinfection(pM0.002). 3. In the general disinfection which it follows in education experience of chemical disinfectants direction for use, 'Direction for use by Spaulding process classification' responded that the correct answer was the education experience dental workers 60.0%, the education non-experience dental workers 39.5%(p=0.026). 4. In the dental device disinfection which it follows in education experience of chemical disinfectants direction for use. 'High level disinfection is not applied for the non-critical items and equipment' responded that the education experience dental workers 49.2%, the education non-experience dental workers 31.9%(pM0.045), 'Semi-critical items is applied same method in presence of the infection disease which it acts responded that the education experience dental workers 44.6% answer back, the education non-experience dental workers 24.4%(pM0.017). 5. 'A hand disinfectants of anticeptics have effect' the education experience dental workers 78.5% answer back, the education non-experience dental workers 52.9%(pM0.003). 1t uses with hand disinfectants when the instruments which be imbrued and patient contact', the education experience dental workers 78.5% answer back, the education non-experience dental workers 62.2%(pM0.026), 'Boric acid solution uses for the skin disinfectants the education experience dental workers 52.3% answer back, the education non-experience dental workers is 37.0%(pM0.016), 'Gluconate have effective difference which it follows in chemical disinfectant consistency and the solution type' education experience dental workers 72.3% answer back, education non-experience dental workers 47.9%(pM0.004). 6. The education experience dental workers were appeared higher than the education non-experience dental workers in knowledge of the disinfection and chemical disinfectants. Consequently system and the specialty education which is standardized continuously must be provided to all dental workers.