• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.72-83
• /
• 2017

GPUs can provide high throughput with latency hiding by executing many warps in parallel. MSHR(Miss Status Holding Registers) for L1 data cache tracks cache miss requests until required data is serviced from lower level memory. In recent GPUs, excessive requests for cache resources cause underutilization problem of GPU resources due to cache resource reservation fails. In this paper, we propose a new warp scheduling technique to reduce stall cycles under MSHR resource shortage. Cache miss rates for each warp is predicted based on the observation that each warp shows similar cache miss rates for long period. The warps showing low miss rates or computation-intensive warps are given high priority to be issued when MSHR is full status. Our proposal improves GPU performance by utilizing cache resource more efficiently based on cache miss rate prediction and monitoring the MSHR entries. According to our experimental results, reservation fail cycles can be reduced by 25.7% and IPC is increased by 6.2% with the proposed scheduling technique compared to loose round robin scheduler.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.159-181
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore secondary mathematics teachers' perceptions on Artificial Intelligence (AI). For this purpose, we conducted three focus group interviews with 18 secondary in-service mathematics teachers and analyzed their perceptions on AI for math and math for AI. The secondary in-service mathematics teachers perceive that AI allows to implement different types of mathematics instruction but has limitations in exploring students' mathematical thinking and having emotional interactions with students. They also perceive that AI makes it easy to develop assessment items for teachers but teachers' interventions are needed for grading essay-type assessment items. Lastly, the secondary in-service mathematics teachers agree the rationale of adopting the subject ＜Artificial Intelligence Mathematics＞ and its needs for students, but they perceive that they are not well prepared yet to teach the subject and do not have sufficient resources for teaching the subject and assessing students' understanding about the subject. The findings provide implications and insights for developing individualized AI learning tools for students in the secondary level, providing AI assessment tools for teachers, and offering professional development programs for teachers to increase their understanding about the subject.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.401-410
• /
• 2023

In this paper, we propose optimization methods for implementing SPARKLE, one of the NIST LWC finalists, on a 64-bit ARMv8 processor. The proposed methods consist of two approaches: an implementation using ARM A64 instructions and another using NEON ASIMD instructions. The A64-based implementation is optimized by performing register scheduling to efficiently utilize the available registers on the ARMv8 architecture. By utilizing the optimized A64-based implementation, we can achieve speeds that are 1.69 to 1.81 times faster than the C reference implementation on a Raspberry Pi 4B. The ASIMD-based implementation, on the other hand, optimizes data by parallelizing the ARX-boxes to perform more than three of them concurrently through a single vector instruction. While the general speed of the optimized ASIMD-based implementation is lower than that of the A64-based implementation, it only slows down by 1.2 times compared to the 2.1 times slowdown observed in the A64-based implementation as the block size increases from SPARKLE256 to SPARKLE512. This is an advantage of the ASIMD-based implementation. Therefore, the ASIMD-based implementation is more efficient for SPARKLE variant block cipher or permutation designs with larger block sizes than the original SPARKLE, making it a useful resource.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.62 no.1
• /
• pp.95-115
• /
• 2023

Even the teachers who agree with the necessity of effective mathematical discussions find it difficult to orchestrate such discussions in the actual lessons. This study focused on analyzing the difficulties 15 elementary school teachers faced in applying "the five practices for orchestrating productive mathematics discussions" to their lessons. Specifically, this study analyzed the process of planning, implementing, and reflecting on the lessons to which three or four teachers as a teacher community applied the five practices. The results of this study showed that the teachers experienced difficulties in selecting and presenting tasks tailored to the student levels and class environment, monitoring all students' solutions, and identifying the core mathematical ideas in student solutions. In addition, this study revealed practical and specific difficulties that had not been described in the previous studies, such as writing a lesson plan for effective use, simultaneously performing multiple teacher roles, and visually sharing student presentations. This study is expected to provide practical tips for elementary school teachers who are eager to promote effective mathematical discussions and to provoke professional discourse for teacher educators through specific examples.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.13 no.7
• /
• pp.469-477
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop Team Based Learning (TBL) course for students majoring skin care and analyze the effectiveness as well as derive improvement plans. TBL focuses on putting pre-class learning about learning content and the time saved by it into practice activities that apply what is learned. The ADDIE model and the TBL model were applied as the developmental research methodology, and the 'skin care' subject, which was previously taught by lecture base, was redesigned as a TBL class. In addition, the study developed weekly based pre-class learning materials, quiz items for checking pre-class learning, and the team activities' plan. Then, an experimental study was conducted with 43 university students and the effects of TBL instruction were analyzed as follows. First, students who participated in the TBL class showed higher achievement than those who participated in the lecture class, which is a comparative group, especially in the academic achievement that evaluated the acquisition and application of the major concept. Second, there was no significant difference in pretest and posttest results on problem solving ability and cooperative self-efficacy for TBL students. Third, overall satisfaction with TBL class was 4.0, which is high. The discussion of these findings was described, and three suggestions for improving and researching TBL classes were presented.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
• /
• no.28
• /
• pp.297-329
• /
• 2010

This article is a preliminary essay for comparative study on Lao Zi Note of Park Sae Dang who lived Lee Dynasty in 17C and Hayashi La Zan who lived Doku Kawa Bakuhu in 17C. This article have two points at issue. First one is the their challenge that resisted the dogma of their own age. And the other one is their challenge of thaught had the academic background of the Lao Zi Note. They had a their own Lao Zi Note, Park Sae Dang朴世堂 had a New Note of Lao Zi 新註道德經 and Hayashi La Zan 林羅山 had a Selection Note of Lao Zi 老子抄解. However there are some different points between Park Sae Dang and Hayashi La Zan. The Hayashi La Zan's comprehension of Lao Zi followed in Lao Zi Note of Lin Xi Yi 林希逸 who had a point of Confucian comprehension of Lao Zi, so the study of Taoism of Hayashi La Zan excepted Zhuang zi. Hayashi La Zan concentrated on only Confucian comprehension of Lao Zi because Lin Xi Yi's Note of Zhuang Zi had a point of Zen Buddhism. However Park Sae Dang's the study of Taoism has Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi. He understood Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi in a base on Confucian comprehension. He indicated Confucian moral principle 修身治人 for a equal point of between Confucianism and Taoism. And he understood Cheng Xin成心 in Qiwulun in Zhuang Zi is similar to Xing性 of Xing Shan性善 in Meng Zi. Park Sae Dang analyzed not simply Lao Zi but also Zhuang Zi in a base on Confucian comprehension.

• Design Convergence Study
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.143-164
• /
• 2014

In this study, we suggest a tablet-PC based application as an instrument for self-examination of dementia and aim to evaluate its usability for the practical use. The tool for the self-diagnosis of dementia is testing a person's sentence comprehension, which is investigated by the accuracy of a sentence-picture matching task, and the result of the test can differentiate individuals with dementia of Alzheimer's type from normal aging population. According to its use for diagnosis of dementia, we developed a new version of sentence-picture matching task by a cooperative study with NABLE(Neurogenic communication And Brain Lab at Ewha) and applied to the application as a main function. Targeting the New Silver who are preliminary aged people in Korea, this application can provide them with three values: 'self-', 'easy', and 'simple'. When using this application, users can gain these values by an instruction manual with the recorded guide voice, easy-to-use functions and the simplified menu structure of it. After prototyping, we conducted the usability test and it was proved as a result that the New Silver users can easily operate the application by themselves.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.21 no.8
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of blended learning's external classroom formats and internal teaching strategies, which has been implemented in university classes due to COVID-19, on students' academic achievement and learners' perceptions, as well as to provide insights into the desirable direction of online education. The study was conducted during the 1st semester of 2022 at G University, targeting students taking Calculus I. The experimental group consisted of 117 students, while the control group consisted of 707 students. Blended learning, involving a combination of face-to-face classes, online classes, and mixed teaching methods, was implemented, and academic achievement and learner perceptions were assessed. The research findings indicate that compared to solely online classes, adopting a blended learning approach with online classes before the midterm and face-to-face classes afterwards resulted in a decline in academic achievement. The unprepared and simplistic external format of blended learning was found to be ineffective, however, a blended learning model consisting solely of online classes, incorporating a mix of asynchronous and synchronous instruction, demonstrated positive learner perceptions. Additionally, utilizing technology in the teaching strategies yielded positive outcome.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.481-492
• /
• 2023

This study explores how to build a Korean dataset to extract information from text using generative large language models. In modern society, mixed information circulates rapidly, and effectively categorizing and extracting it is crucial to the decision-making process. However, there is still a lack of Korean datasets for training. To overcome this, this study attempts to extract information using text-based zero-shot learning using a generative large language model to build a purposeful Korean dataset. In this study, the language model is instructed to output the desired result through prompt engineering in the form of "system"-"instruction"-"source input"-"output format", and the dataset is built by utilizing the in-context learning characteristics of the language model through input sentences. We validate our approach by comparing the generated dataset with the existing benchmark dataset, and achieve 25.47% higher performance compared to the KLUE-RoBERTa-large model for the relation information extraction task. The results of this study are expected to contribute to AI research by showing the feasibility of extracting knowledge elements from Korean text. Furthermore, this methodology can be utilized for various fields and purposes, and has potential for building various Korean datasets.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.393-417
• /
• 2023

The necessity of this study was to improve academic achievement and math attitudes through leveled reciprocal peer learning, and the specific purpose was as follows. First, each unit seeks to select learning methods and contents for each level of class for reciprocal peer learning, second, develop activity sites for each level through curriculum analysis, and third, improve academic achievement and math attitudes through classes that apply reciprocal peer learning activities. The study was conducted on 60 second graders of 00 High School in 00 Metropolitan City. Two classes were selected for the midterm exam results for the first semester of the second grade. Class 1 was divided into the experimental group and the other class 1 was divided into the comparative group, and 13 classes were conducted for about 2 months from May 1 to July 4, 2020. The experimental group (30 students) was a class that applied leveled reciprocal peer learning activities, and the comparative group (30 students) was a class that was taught based on traditional textbooks. As a result of this study, first, in this study, it was possible to improve academic achievement and math attitudes by setting learning contents for each unit and applying reciprocal peer learning activities for each level. Second, the experimental group taught by applying leveled reciprocal peer learning activities was effective in academic achievement and math attitudes compared to the comparative group taught based on traditional textbooks to students in the upper, middle, and lower groups. Third, in the class applying leveled reciprocal peer learning activities, low-level students who were neglected in math classes were also interested in the class and actively participated in it, showing improvement.