• 한국응용곤충학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용곤충학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.83-83
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• 2004

• 생태와환경
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2020

Metarhizium anisopliae (녹강균)는 흰점박이꽃무지에게 질병을 일으키는 곤충 병원성 곰팡이 중 하나이다. 이러한 곰팡이의 병원성은 환경 조건에 의해 영향을 받는다. 녹강균에 대한 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 민감성을 알기 위해 온도(20℃, 25℃, 30℃), 상대습도(RH 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%), 톱밥 수분함량(40%, 50%, 60%)이 다른 사육 조건에서 유충의 치사율을 확인하였다. 녹강균을 처리한 흰점박이꽃무지 유충의 치사율은 온도에 따라 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 낮은 상대습도(RH 40%)와 톱밥 수분함량(40%)에서 유충의 치사율이 높았다. 녹강균에 대한 1령, 2령, 3령 유충의 치사율은 1령에서 가장 높게 나타났다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2016

Mealworms, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), are widely used as food sourcefor animal rearing as well as human diet. Conventionally, mealworms raised on wheat bran. In this study, we investigated the effects of brewer's spent grain (BSG) on the growth of mealworm larvae to reduce the rearing cost. We prepared five different diets with various BSG content, 0, 10, 30, 50, and 70% of heated air dried BSG with wheat bran. We compared survivorship, larval weight, developmental duration, pupation rate, and pupal weight of five different groups of T. molitor raised on these five diets. The larval survivorships were almost similar with the control group except a group with 70% of BSG. For the larval weight, groups with 30% and 50% of BSG gained more weight than that with control treatment, 0% of BSG. For the developmental period, the groups with 30% of BSG took less time compared to the control group. In all treatment groups, more than 90% of pupation rate were observed. Especially, the group with 30% of BSG showed highest pupation rate among the five groups. Wheat bran with 30~50% of BSG was the optimal diet for successive insect rearing among the five diet treatments. Based on this study, we concluded that adding BSG to wheat bran helps to improve the quality of T. molitor and to reduce the rearing period.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 1992

Since 1975, the studies on in vitro rearing Trichogramma spp., Anastatus japonicus Ashmead, Telenomus dendrolimusi Chu, Dibrachys cavus Walker, Habrobracon hebetor(Say), Bracon greeni Ashmead have been conducted successfully in China. The simulated “host-eggs" are made of polyethylene or polypropylene semispherical capsules, containing artificial diets, in which insectan pupal hemolymph is the main component. Manufacture of simulated “host larvae" are made of small rectangular parafilm of cotton-paper bags, containing artificial diets with insectan pupal hemolymph as the main component. Mass production of in vitro reared Trichogramma spp. and Anastatus japonicus and its utilization in the fields showed good effectiveness in controlling cotton bollworm, pine caterpillars, sugarcane borers and litchi stink bug.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.198-206
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• 2014

The olive fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) is the key pest for olive cultivation worldwide. Substantial effort has been invested in the development of the sterile insect technique (SIT) to control this pest. One of the limitations to develop SIT technology for olive fruit fly is the low ability of wild females to lay eggs in other medium than olive fruits, and their slow adaptation to oviposition in artificial substrates. In the present study, fruit grapes were used as an alternative egg collection medium to harvest eggs and young larvae from freshly colonized wild strains originating from France, Italy, Spain and Croatia. The larvae were allowed to develop into the fruits until the second instar, before they were extracted out and further reared on a standard artificial diet. Furthermore, F1 to F4 female flies were alternatively offered wax bottles to oviposit. Finally, the performance of hybrid strains created from crosses between wild and long colonised flies was assessed. The results showed that females of all 4 wild strains readily oviposited eggs in grapes and from the F2 generation onward, females from all strains were adapted to laying eggs in wax bottles. No difference was observed in eggs and pupae production among all strains tested. The findings are discussed for their implications on SIT application against olive fruit fly.

• 생태와환경
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.374-379
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• 2020

흰점박이꽃무지(Protaetia brevitarsis) 유충은 동아시아에서 식용 및 약용으로 널리 사용되고 있다. 흰점박이꽃무지 수요 증가로 인해 유충의 대량 사육 방법이 필요하지만 좁은 공간에서 대량으로 유충을 사육할 경우 곤충 병원성 질병 감염에 취약해진다. Metarhizium anisopliae는 흰점박이꽃무지 유충에 치명적인 곤충 병원성 곰팡이 중 하나이다. 이를 저해하기 위해 항진균 성분이 함유된 옻나무(Rhus verniciflua Stokes) 추출액을 첨가하였고, 연구 결과 1% 옻나무 추출액을 첨가한 경우 녹강균에 의한 유충의 치사율이 유의미하게 낮았다. 또한 일반톱밥을 급여한 대조구에 비해 옻나무 추출액 처리구에서 유충의 무게가 더 무거웠고 유충 기간이 짧아지는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 이 연구를 통해 곤충 병원성 곰팡이에 대한 옻나무 추출액의 항진균 효과를 확인할 수 있었으며 흰점박이꽃무지 유충 사육 시 옻나무 추출액을 첨가하여 급여한다면 병원성 곰팡이에 의한 유충의 치사율을 낮추고 증체량을 높이는 데 효과가 있을 것이다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2014

The effect of an artificial diet on developmental rate, a life history parameter, was examined for the swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus. Artificial insect diets are an essential component of many insect rearing systems that produce insects for research purposes. Complex agar-gelled diets are generally prepared in large batches and used shortly after preparation because the degradation of perishable diet ingredients, such as vitamins and fatty acids, can adversely affect insect quality (Brewer 1984). However, the timing of diet preparation may be inconvenient, and large batches wasteful, if the unused excess is discarded. The percentage of pupation varied considerably, with no significant differences among diets, on which a maximum pupation percentage of 83% was observed. Pellet-type diets were investigated with the aim of developing a more easily prepared diet. The extrusion of the artificial diet under high temperature and pressure may induce desirable chemical and physical changes in the extruded product. The purpose of the present study was to develop an artificial diet for rearing P. xuthus.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2016

사료용 곤충 중에서 갈색거저리 유충은 사료용 및 산업용 등으로 이용되고 있지만, 효율적인 유충 확보를 위한 대량사육 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 갈색거저리 성충의 산란율 증가를 위한 밀기울+추가 사료 조건 별 산란율 비교, 산란 기간과 유충 크기의 균일성, 사육 밀도와 온도에 따른 발육 양상, 알과 번데기의 저온 보관 안정성을 검토하였다. 기본 사료인 밀기울에 당근과 애호박을 추가로 처리한 결과, 성충의 산란수와 생존율을 증가시킬 수 있었다. 성충의 산란 기간을 3일과 7일 동안 각각 달리한 결과, 14일 동안 산란을 받은 처리구에 비해 높은 유충 크기의 균일성을 확보할 수 있었다. 갈색거저리 유충의 발육은 20, 25, 30, $35^{\circ}C$ 조건 중에서 $30^{\circ}C$에서 가장 빨랐으며, $20^{\circ}C$에서는 산란수는 많았지만, 상대적으로 느린 생육 특성을 보였고, 자연 치사율이 증가하여 일정한 크기의 유충 확보가 용이하지 않았다. 사육용기에 갈색거저리 유충을 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50마리 밀도로 사육한 결과, 밀도가 증가함에 따라 유충의 생존율과 길이 생육에는 유의성 있는 영향을 주지 않았지만, 무게 생장은 감소하였다. 사육 밀도를 30마리(/직경 90 mm 용기) 이하로 유지하는 것이 가장 효율적이며, 30마리 이상으로 유지할 경우 개체의 발육이 늦어지는 결과를 확인하였다. 갈색거저리의 알과 번데기를 $4^{\circ}C$에 보관하였을 때, 알은 9시간, 번데기는 10주 이상 보관하면 부화율과 우화율이 급격히 감소하는 결과를 보여, 보관 충태는 알보다는 번데기가 더 적합하였다. 본 연구를 바탕으로, 갈색거저리 성충의 생존율과 산란율을 높이기 위한 추가 식물체 사료의 공급이 필요하며, 고품질의 균일한 충체 확보를 위해 산란을 7일 이상 받지 않을 것을 추천하고, $30^{\circ}C$ 근처의 사육온도에서 30마리/90 mm 용기 이하의 사육 밀도를 유지할 필요가 있으며, 저장 보관 과정에서 알보다는 번데기 형태로 보관하는 것이 적합하다. 본 연구의 결과는 효율적인 갈색거저리 유충의 대량 확보를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2014

To investigate the degree of individuals' likability of insects, a survey was conducted with students and adults living in Korea. Overall, for insect-related questions, positive responses were higher than negative ones. Among the positive responses, the personal rearing of insects scored lower than others. The unconditional dislike of insects scored highest in the negative responses. A significant differences and correlations were found between males and females, students and adults, people experienced in insect-related events and those who were not. In particular, previous experience in insect-related events significantly influenced insect likability. Subjects preferred coleopteran and lepidopteran insects to others. However, this preference of insects differed by gender: Male participants preferred coleopteran insects to lepidopteran insects, while female participants preferred lepidopteran insects to coleopteran ones. No significant differences in the preference of insects were found by participants' job, residence, or experience in insect-related events. These findings suggest that gender is the most important factor to consider in selecting insects to be used as therapeutic tools in mental health care.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2013

Baculum elongatum has several peculiarities such as parthenogenesis, unique external features, changing body color, and dropping oviposition, which makes it a potential economically useful insect. Oviposition was performed by females without fertilization by the sperm of males. The oviposition period was $42.2{\pm}22.7$ days and the number of eggs per female was $109.5{\pm}70.5$ eggs. The hatch rate was 73.3% at $25^{\circ}C$ and 66.7% after low temperature treatment ($8^{\circ}C$ for 60 days). In nature, B. elongatum overwinters as an egg, but it can be assumed from the results that cold temperatures were not required for hatching. The hatch rate was 98.2% in the treatment using floral foam, fermented sawdust, and leaves. The developmental period was $100.9{\pm}4.2$ days for eggs, $55.3{\pm}4.6$ days for nymphs, and $49.7{\pm}16.0$ days for adults. The length of the eggs was $0.33{\pm}0.0$ cm and the lengths of the nymphs were clearly distinguishable according to the instar stage. Clover(Trifolium repens) was an excellent diet as it was similar to the host plant and could be used as an alternative diet. The rate of reaching adulthood for the insects was 66.7% on an artificial diet containing 25% acacia leaves. For sustainable mass rearing of nymphs or adults of B. elongatum, a natural diet could be used such as acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia), white oak (Quercus aliena), chestnut (Castanea crenata var. dulcis), and bush clover (Lespedeza bicolor), or an alternative diet such as clover or artificial diet.