• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.37-38
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• 2006

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.408-414
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• 2018

Given that lithium-ion batteries are expected to be used as power sources for electric and hybrid vehicles, thermodynamics experimentation and prediction based on experimental data were performed. Thermal, electrochemical, and electrochemical/electrical-thermal models were used for accurate battery modeling. Various applications of different battery packs were demonstrated, and thermal analysis was performed using the same experimental conditions for square and rectangular battery packs. Accurate thermal analysis for a single cell should be prioritized to determine the thermal behavior of the battery pack. The energy balance equation, which contains heat generation and heat transfer factors, defines the thermal behavior of the battery pack. By comparing battery packs of different shapes tested under the same condition, this study revealed that the rectangular battery pack is superior to the square battery pack in terms of the maximum temperature of inner cells and temperature variation between cells.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 1988

The storage stabilities of philipines; bananas were investigated according to the storage pretreatments and packaging methods during 60 days storage at $13^{\circ}C$. The better storage stability was got in bananas packaged with $60\mum$ low density polyethlene(PE) film inside the carton box than those without inside pack. Radiation gave the adverse effects on effects on bananas was only 20 days. And Shelf-life of bananas in no inner pack was 20 days. Soluble solid content of bananas packaged with PE film was 17 Brix degree after 60 days storage, but that with no inner package was around 20 after 20 days. Color was below 3 in color chart after 60 days storage and hardness was rapidly decreased from 40 days in bananas packaged with PE film, but color was became to 3 color after 30 days and hardness was rapidly decreased after 20 days in bananas without inner package. rarcentage of deteriorated bananas were below 3% in PE films after 60 days strorage, but 100% after 40 days in bananas without inner package.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.85-91
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• 2017

This work studies the flow behaviors in the gap between the friction pad and separator in wet-clutch systems. The fluid volume of the lubricant is modeled using the entire system of wet-clutch pack of a dual clutch transmission that has larger outer radius of odd gear shifts and smaller inner radius of even gear shifts. Flow behaviors in the gap of the clutch pad are computed using the gear shift modes that consider the real relative velocities between the friction pad and separator. Flow behaviors in the gap of the disengaged clutch pad are mainly investigated for the wet-clutch system, whereas the engaged clutch pad is modeled with no fluid rate through the contacting surfaces. The developed hydrodynamic fluid pressures and velocity fields in the clutch pad gap are computed to obtain the relevant information for managing flow rates in wet-clutch packs under dual operating conditions during gear shifts. These hydrodynamic pressures and velocity fields are compared on the basis of each gear level and gap location, which is necessary to determine the effects of groove patterns on the friction pad. Shear stresses in the gap locations are also computed on the basis of the gear level for the inner and outer clutch pads. The computed results are compared and used for the design of cooling capacity against frictional heat generation in wet-clutch pack systems.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.737-741
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• 1988

The storage stabilities of philipines' bananas were investigated according to the storage pretreatments and packaging methods during 60 days storage at $13^{\circ}C$. The better storage stability was got in bananas packaged with 60{\mu}m low density polyethylene (PE) film inside the carton box than those without inside pack. Radiation gave the adverse effects on bananas' storage stabilities. Shelf-life of bananas in PE package was 60 days, but that of radiated bananas was only 20 days. And shelf-life of bananas in no inner pack was 20 days. Soluble solid content of bananas packaged with PE film was 17 Brix degree after 60 days storage, but that with no inner package was around 20 Brix after 20 days. Color was below 3 in color chart after 60 days storage and hardness was rapidly decreased from 40 days in bananas packaged with PE film, but color was became to 3 color after 30 days and hardness was rapidly decreased after 20 days in bananas without inner package. Percentage of deteriorated bananas were below 3% in PE films after 60 days storage, but 100% after 40 days in bananas without inner package.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.233-236
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• 2008

Halide-activated pack cementation was utilized to deposit B-doped silicide coating. The pack powders were consisted of $3Wt.c/oNH_4Cl$, 7Wt.c/oSi, $90Wt.c/oAl_2O_3+TiB_2$. B-doped silicide coating was consisted of two layers, an outer layer of $NbSi_2$ and an inner layer of $Nb_5Si_3$. Isothermal oxidation resistance of B-doped silicide coating was tested at $1250^{\circ}C$ in static air. B-doped silicide coating had excellent oxidation resistance, because continuous $SiO_2$ scale which serves as obstacle of oxygen diffusion was formed after oxidation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1060-1074
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• 2013

This study measured and analyzed pressure at each measurement part of imported compression stockings sold in Korea to provide basic information to establish a pressure standard and grade ranking. This study used 40 medical compression stockings imported from 6 countries. Pressure measurements were taken at 11 points: front side and back side of ankle, end-point of the gastrocnemius muscle, front, inner side, back, and outer side of calf, back side of below knew girth, inner side, and outer side of mid-thigh girth, and inner side of thigh girth. AMI 3037-10 and AMI 3037-2 were used for measurements taken inside an environmental chamber at a temperature of $21^{\circ}C$ and a relative humidity (RH) of 65%. For the measurements, 11 air pack sensors were attached to a wooden model leg (Hohenstein) and three measurements were taken at each measurement point in three minutes. The average of these measurements was used for analysis. The findings of this study were as follows. As for the front side of the ankle, of the 40 products, 14 products (6 USA, 2 Swiss, 3 Italian, and 2 Taiwanese) were within the pressure range indicated on the product label; however, no German products fell within the pressure range. A total of 8 products (5 USA, 1 Swiss, 1 Italian, and 1 German) were gradient compression type; however, no Japanese or Taiwanese product were of this type. The majority of products had the highest pressure at the end-point of the gastrocnemius muscle. Only 3 products, 1 USA (Jobst Opaque 30-40mmHg), 1 Swiss (Sigvaris Cotton 34-46mmHg) and 1 Italian (Jobstocking 25-32mmHg), had measurements that met the indicated standard pressure, were a gradient compression type, and met the overall standard for compression stockings.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.891-896
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• 2010

The objective of the present study is to reveal the effects of a phase-change material on the performance of a Kimchi refrigerator. Two-percent salt water, of which melting temperature was $-1.1^{\circ}C$, was used for the phase-change material. The salt water was packed in silicon cases and inserted between Kimchi container and the copper pipe of the evaporator. The maximum and minimum temperatures of the inner wall of the Kimchi container without salt-water pack were $-0.2^{\circ}C$ and $-8.9^{\circ}C$, which were remarkably improved by using the salt-water packs, resulting $-0.5^{\circ}C$ and$ -1.9^{\circ}C$. This shows a useful application of using phase-change materials for accurate temperature controls.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.139-140
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• 2017

본 논문에서는, 원통형셀의 직렬조합에 의한 직렬배터리팩 구성(16S1P) 시, 배터리팩의 외형(정사면체;$4{\times}4$/직사면체;$2{\times}8$)차이에 의한 내부 열분포의 기초해석을 Comsol 프로그램을 통해 실시하였다. 동일한 전류프로파일을 적용하였을 때, 각 배터리팩 내부의 셀 간 열분포 및 외형의 차이에 의한 두 배터리팩의 열분포 비교 분석을 실시하였다. 기초해석 논문이므로, 실제 산업계에서 사용되는 원통형셀의 실험조건 대신에 Comsol 프로그램에서 제공하는 18650 타입의 원통형셀의 음극(anode)와 양극(cathode)의 시뮬레이션 조건을 적용하였다.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.425-430
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• 2008

Residential architecture was a lot more changed due to adopting modern residential type since 1960s. But people in farm houses are still living in a space of their past life causing a discrepancy. For this reason, the paper will identify the changed use for farm houses focusing on their plane views, and reason for the changed use as well. The result of this paper is expected to play a role for practical data to reasonably change and re-model farm houses located in back of cities such as Hyunpoong area. Targeted area for this paper, in order to survey change in residential environment due to industrialization and modernization, has narrowed down to 42 farm houses which are located Yuga-Myun, Hyunpoong-Gun, Dalsung-Gun where tradition and modern characteristics are harmonized being built before 1960s Researching relied on both documentary records and survey on the site, and survey on documentary records was performed in a way that preceding research for changed use of residential area was to be compared with people's farm houses in Kyeongsang-Do area, and survey on the site was carried out by photographing and land surveying and interview and analysis for them, and finally we acquired the result by analyzing use of interior for houses and plane view and relations between culture and social environment. From the result of this paper, there was a trend that farm houses had been improved function of a specific space by enlarging space and enlarged construction for inner rooms. And among spaces, kitchen and bath room was mostly enlarged its left side, and inner room had mostly enlarged its rear side, and kitchen was frequently enlarged in its side space. These kinds of variation in space is believed to be result of change of life style and house facilities