• 설비공학논문집
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.767-776
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• 2012

In this study, a simulation model for a $CO_2$ heat pump using vapor injection was developed and validated. It was used to predict the improvement of the heating performance of the $CO_2$ heat pump at various operating conditions. The simulation results showed consistent results with the measured data. The heating performances of the vapor injection and non-injection heat pumps were compared by varying the outdoor temperature and compressor frequency. The heating capacity of the vapor injection heat pump was 40% higher than that of the non-injection heat pump at the outdoor temperature of $-8^{\circ}C$. The performance of the vapor injection heat pump was consistently higher than that of the non-injection heat pump even when the compressor frequency was reduced to 35 Hz at the outdoor temperature of $-3^{\circ}C$.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the experimental performance characteristics of a water-to-water geothermal heat pump featuring a vapor refrigerant injection for the production of hot water. The performance of geothermal heat pump with a vapor injection was evaluated by comparing with that of a conventional geothermal heat pump without a vapor injection. For heating operation, the geothermal heat pump with a vapor injection is superior in COP and heating capacity. The vapor injection was more effective for supplying hot water while overloading. The vapor injection was effective for the improvement of the cooling capacity. However, the vapor injection was not effective for the increasing of COP according to the increased input of a compressor. The advantage of vapor injection in water-to-water geothermal heat pump become disappeared while cooling operation with lower part loading.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2008

For heat pumps used in a cold region, it is very important to obtain appropriate heating capacity. Several studies using a variable speed compressor and an additional heater have been performed to enhance heating capacity at low ambient temperatures. However, for outdoor temperature conditions below $-15^{\circ}C$, it is still difficult to obtain enough heating capacity above the rated value. In recent studies, the application of gas injection technique into a two-stage heat pump yielded noticeable heating performance improvement at low temperature conditions. In this study, the heating performance of a two-stage gas injection heat pump with a rated capacity of 3.5 kW was measured and analyzed by varying refrigerant charge amount and EEV opening at the standard heating condition. The heating performance of the two-stage gas injection heat pump was compared with that of a two-stage non-injection heat pump. The heating capacity and COP of the two-stage gas injection heat pump were improved by 2-10% at the optimal charging condition over those of the two-stage non-injection heat pump.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.308-314
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• 2014

A heat pump has been considered as a thermal management unit for electric vehicles, including the heating and cooling of the cabin. However, the heat pump shows performance degradation at low outdoor temperatures or high compressor speeds. In this study, a R-134a heat pump for an electric vehicle was designed to improve system efficiency, by applying vapor injection with an internal heat exchanger. The heating performance characteristics of the vapor injection heat pump were analyzed at various compressor speeds and outdoor temperatures. The vapor injection heat pump showed 13.3% COP improvement over the non-injection heat pump, when the heating capacity was fixed at 5.2 kW. In addition, the heating capacity of the vapor injection system increased by 9.6%, as compared to the non-injection system.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2012

This study was carried out to improve the design of fuel injection pump for marine medium diesel engine. For this purpose, all parts of fuel injection pump were modeled and simulated using CATIA V5R19, FLUENT & MSC Nastran. Flow analysis for plunger cylinder and structural analysis for plunger, roller and spring, which were considered as essential parts of fuel injection pump, were performed to find the optimal design of fuel injection pump. As the results, flow of fluid in plunger cylinder was showed good results in case of 7.7~8.0m/s of plunger velocity. Furthermore, it was confirmed that plunger, roller and spring could be operated safely under 1,800bar pressure.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.297-305
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• 2017

Air-source heat pumps are widely used in residential heating systems. However, the decrease in the capacity of the heat pump is unavoidable when operating at very low and high ambient temperatures. The vapor injection technique is considered a promising technology to overcome this problem. Recent research on vapor injection cycles have mainly adopted a scroll compressor with an internal heat exchanger at severe operating conditions. This study measured the COP and EER of a gas injection heat pump using a flash tank with an inverter-driven rotary compressor at severe operating conditions. Compared to non-injection heat pumps, the heating capacity and COP of the gas injection heat pump improved up to 15% and 2.9%, respectively, at outdoor temperatures of $-10^{\circ}C$ to $7^{\circ}C$. The cooling capacity of the gas injection heat pump was 11% higher than the non-injection heat pump at an outdoor temperature of $35^{\circ}C$. At the same time, the EER of the gas injection heat pump was similar to that of the non-injection heat pump.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.244-250
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• 2000

An air source heat pump using liquid injection technique, which can be applied for very low temperature climate, has been simulated to examine the design options. Comparison between the simulation and experiment has been carried out to validate the simulation method. Effects of various design parameters such as liquid injection rate and injection pressure are Investigated to optimize the performance of the heat pump. Finally, optimal liquid infection rate and injection pressure to maintain sufficient heating capacity and moderate discharge refrigerant temperature are suggested when the heat pump was operated at very low outdoor temperature.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.386-393
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 CIM(Current Injection Method)을 이용한 charge-pump방식의 plasma backlight용 고압 inverter회로를 제안한다. 고압 inverter에서 에너지 회수회로의 채용은 새로운 시도로서 에너지회수 이외에도 noise에 의한 시스템의 불안정성과 방전안정화에 기여하고 있다. charge-pump방식으로 스위치류의 내압을 저감하므로 cost면에서 매우 유리한 조건을 확립하였으며 CIM(Current Injection Method)방식의 적용으로 high speed 에너지 회수를 가능하게 하였다. 그리고 제안회로의 동작을 모드별로 해석하였으며, 실제 32" 패널에 적용하여 실험함으로써 제안한 회로의 유용성을 입증하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2015

This study investigates the lubrication characteristics of fuel injection pumps with reference to different fuel oils. Medium-speed diesel engines use fuel oils with various viscosities, such as heavy fuel oil (HFO, which is a high-viscosity fuel oil) and light diesel oil (LDO, which is a low-viscosity fuel oil). When fuel oil with a low viscosity is used, both fuel oil and lubricating oil lubricate the system. Thus, the lubrication of the fuel injection pump is in a multi-viscosity condition when the fuel oil in use changes. We suggest three cases of multi-viscosity models, and divide the fuel injection pump into three lubrication sections: a, the new oil section; b, the mixed oil section; and c, the used oil section. This study compares the lubrication characteristics with variation of the multi-viscosity model, clearance. The volume of Section b does not affect the lubrication characteristics. The lubrication characteristics of the fuel injection pump are poor when high-viscosity fuel oil transfers to low-viscosity fuel oil. This occurs because the viscosity in the new oil section (i.e., Section a) dominates the lubrication characteristics of the fuel injection pump. However, the lubricant oil supply in the used oil section (i.e., Section c) can improve the lubrication characteristics in this condition. Moreover, the clearances of the stem and head significantly influence the lubrication characteristics when the fuel oil changes.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.425-432
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• 2009

In this study, the improvement of cooling capacity by applying gas injection technique in a two-stage heat pump using R410A was experimentally investigated. A twin rotary type compressor with gas injection was applied to the heat pump system. The optimum refrigerant charge for the injection and the non-injection cycles was selected to achieve the maximum COP at the cooling standard condition. The injection cycle showed less optimum refrigerant charge than that of the non-injection cycle. The cooling performances of the injection and the non-injection cycles were measured and compared by varying compressor frequency from 40 to 90 Hz. The cooling capacity of the gas injection cycle was 1.6% -11.3% higher than that of the non-injection cycle. The COP of the gas injection cycle was 13.7% to 28.9% higher than that of the non-injection cycle at the same cooling capacity. The heat pump system showed stable operation after 30% of the injection valve opening.