• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.567-572
• /
• 2003

An experimental work is presented to evaluate the retrofit method for improving the flexural capacity of shear walls. Fives shear wall specimens are designed and retrofitted by using carbon fiber materials such as rod, sheet and plate. Cyclic horizontal loads are applied to the specimens under constant axial load, $0.1f_{ck}A_g$. Test result shows that specimens with additional flexural reinforcement have the increased initial stiffness and deformation capacity. However, the strength is not improved as much as expected. This is because that the flexural reinforcement is pulled out from the foundation at the latter half of cycles. In order to maximize the flexural retrofit, therefore, it is required to study the anchorage behavior of the flexural reinforcement for retrofit.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제86권3호
• /
• pp.417-430
• /
• 2023

As the key part in the reinforced concrete column-steel beam (RCS) frame, the beam-column joints are usually subjected the axial force, shear force and bending moment under seismic actions. With the aim to study the seismic behavior of RCS joints with and without RC slab, the quasi-static cyclic tests results, including hysteretic curves, slab crack development, failure mode, strain distributions, etc. were discussed in detail. It is shown that the composite action between steel beam and RC slab can significantly enhance the initial stiffness and loading capacity, but lead to a changing of the failure mode from beam flexural failure to the joint shear failure. Based on the analysis of shear failure mechanism, the calculation formula accounting for the influence of RC slab was proposed to estimate shear strength of RCS joint. In addition, the finite element model (FEM) was developed by ABAQUS and a series of parametric analysis model with RC slab was conducted to investigate the influence of the face plates thickness, slab reinforcement diameter, beam web strength and inner concrete strength on the shear strength of joints. Finally, the proposed formula in this paper is verified by the experiment and FEM parametric analysis results.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.68-77
• /
• 2012

기존의 격자형 강합성 바닥판 이음부 상세는 후크형태의 철근 겹침이음 및 채움 콘크리트로 구성된다. 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 전단키와 고장력볼트로 구성된 이음부 형식에 대해 콘크리트 전단키 보강 유무를 실험변수로 휨성능평가 실험을 하였고, 그 결과를 기존 철근겹침 이음부의 휨성능과 비교 평가함으로써 기계적 연결방법에 의한 이음부 형식의 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 실험결과의 비교 분석에 의하면, 기계적 연결방식에 의한 이음부의 최대내력이 약 30% ~ 60% 정도 더 큰 것으로 나타나서 강도 측면에서 더 우수함을 확인하였다. 모멘트-곡률 관계로부터 구한 휨강성을 비교해 보면, 철근겹침 이음부의 경우 초기 거동에서는 비교적 더 우수한 거동을 보였으나, 콘크리트 균열파괴가 발생한 이후에는 다소 급격한 단면성능의 감소를 보였다. 한편, 콘크리트 전단키의 강판 보강 유무에 따른 변수 분석 결과에 의하면 강판 보강구조가 최대내력 향상 및 휨강성 증가에 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2022

NRC (New paradigm Reinforced Concrete) 보는 강판거푸집과 함께 주보강재로 사용되는 주앵글에 기본 전단보강재로 사용되는 전단앵글을 트러스 구조형태로 용접조립한 후, 현장에서 추가적인 주 철근과 전단보강근이 배근된다. 본 연구에서는 NRC 보의 전단보강재 종류(전단앵글, 경사전단보강근, U형 덮개철근)에 따른 전단실험을 통하여 NRC 보의 전단성능평가를 실시하였다. 실험결과, 실험체별 초기균열이 발생되기전 초기강성은 유사하게 나타났으며, 모든 실험체는 전단파괴되었다. 실험체의 전단보강재가 최대내력시 항복거동하였고, 전단보강재의 보강량 증가에 따라 실험전단내력이 증가하였다. 이를 볼 때 NRC 전단보강재가 전단강도 기여분에 해당하는 전단성능을 발휘하는 것으로 판단된다. 콘크리트구조기준(KDS 14 20 22)에 의한 이론내력을 산정한 결과, 전단보강재가 배근된 NRC 보 실험체들의 실험전단내력이 이론전단내력에 비하여 37~146% 크게 나타나, 이론내력식이 NRC 실험체 상세에 대하여 안전측으로 평가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.327-334
• /
• 2012

Wood and concrete show significantly different physical properties, and it need to be firstly understood for using wood-concrete composite. This study is performed for compensating this and effective hybridization of wood and concrete. This research in planned for wood-concrete composite after previous research which deals the shear performance with different anchorage length of steel rebar in wood. Yield mode and reference design value (Z) were derived using EYM (European Yield Model). And the yield mode changed before and after anchorage length of 10~15 mm - $I_s$ mode to IV mode. There was not increasing tendency of shear performance with increased anchorage length for over 20 mm of anchorage in concrete. And wood composite shows 65% and 93% on initial stiffness and yield load respectively compared with the wood-concrete composite. Wood-concrete composite showed brittle failure after yield point while wood-to-wood composite showed ductile failure.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 2019

국내에서의 지진과 같은 자연재해의 발생횟수가 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 재해, 재난 환경에 적합한 임시거주공간 혹은 피난시설의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 경량 복합패널을 이용하여 기존 피난시설과는 차별화된 구호주거를 제작하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 경량 복합패널에 대한 구조적 성능을 검증하고자 하였으며, 패널에 대한 성능 시험 방법 중 ASTM E72 기준에 따른 면내 전단 강도 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과, 각 실험체가 면내 하중을 받을 때의 최대하중을 알아내었다. 모든 실험체는 가력 부분의 패널이 찢어지면서 실험이 종료되었다. 실험체의 초기 강성은 계산을 통해 예측한 강성과 일치하였다. 하지만 패널의 특성인 국부적인 찌그러짐과 찢어짐으로 인해 강성저하와 최종파괴가 발생하였다. 개구부가 있는 실험체들은 개구부의 위치와 형태에 따라 기본 실험체와 강성과 강도에서 차이를 보였다. 또한 모든 실험 결과를 종합하여 패널이 받는 최대하중과 힘을 받는 면적이 비례한다는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 실험체들의 극한전단응력을 계산하였으며, 평균 극한전단응력을 산정하였다. 경량 복합패널의 평균 극한전단응력은 $0.047N/mm^2$이며, 이 값을 통해 패널의 면적에 따른 허용하중을 합리적으로 예측할 수 있는 근거를 제시하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제41권6호
• /
• pp.691-710
• /
• 2012

One of the most popular and commonly used strengthening techniques to protect against earthquakes is to infill the holes in reinforced concrete (RC) frames with fully reinforced concrete infills. In some cases, windows and door openings are left inside infill walls for architectural or functional reasons during the strengthening of reinforced concrete-framed buildings. However, the seismic performance of multistory, multibay, reinforced concrete frames that are strengthened by reinforced concrete wing walls is not well known. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the experimental behavior of vulnerable multistory, multibay, reinforced concrete frames that were strengthened by introducing wing walls under a lateral load. For this purpose, three 2-story, 2-bay, 1/3-scale test specimens were constructed and tested under reversed cyclic lateral loading. The total shear wall (including the column and wing walls) length and the location of the bent beam bars were the main parameters of the experimental study. According to the test results, the addition of wing walls to reinforced concrete frames provided significantly higher ultimate lateral load strength and higher initial stiffness than the bare frames did. While the total shear wall length was increased, the lateral load carrying capacity and stiffness increased significantly.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.337-352
• /
• 2021

The study presented experimental and numerical investigation on the seismic performance of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) L-shaped column- reinforced concrete (RC) beam joints. Various parameters described as steel configuration form, axial compressive ratio, loading angle, and the existence of slab were examined through 4 planar joints and 7 spatial joints. The characteristics of the load-displacement response included the bearing capacity, ductility, story drift ratio, energy-dissipating capacity, and stiffness degradation were analyzed. The results showed that shear failure and flexural failure in the beam tip were observed for planar joints and spatial joint, respectively. And RC joint with slab failed with the plastic hinge in the slab and bottom of the beam. The results indicated that hysteretic curves of spatial joints with solid-web steel were plumper than those with hollow-web specimens. The capacity of planar joints was higher than that of space joints, while the opposite was true for energy-dissipation capacity and ductility. The high compression ratio contributed to the increase in capacity and initial stiffness of the joint. The elastic and elastic-plastic story deformation capacity of L-shaped column frame joints satisfied the code requirement. A design formula of joint shear resistance based on the superposition theory and equilibrium plasticity truss model was proposed for engineering application.

• 대한조선학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1976

Using the computer programs for calculation of natural vibrations of ship's hull developed by the authors et al., an investigation into influences of various parameters on the accuracy of calculation was done through example calculations of a 30,000 DWT petroleum products carrier M/S Sweet Brier built by Korea Shipbuilding and Engineering Corporation. The methodical principles employed for the computer program development are as follows; (a) the ship system is reduced to an equivalent discrete elements system conforming to Myklestad-Prohl model, (b) the problem formulation is of transfer matrix method, and (c) to obtain solutions an extended $G\ddot{u}mbel's$ initial value method is introduced. The scope of the investigation is influences of number of discrete elements, choice of significant system parameters such as rotary inertia, bending stiffness and shear stiffness, and simplification of distributions of added mass and stiffness as trapezoidal ones referred to those of midship section on the calculation accuracy. From the investigation the followings are found out; (1) To obtain good results for the modes up to the seven-noded thirty or more divisions of the hull is desirable. For fundamental mode fifteen divisions may give fairly good results. (2) The influence of rotary inertia is negligibly small at least for the modes up to the 5- or 6- noded. (3) In the case of assuming either bending modes or shear modes the calculation results in considerably higher frequencies as compared with those based on Timoshenko beam theory. However, the calculation base on the slender beam theory surprisingly gives frequencies within 10% error for fundamental modes. (4) It is proved that to simplify distributions of added mass and stiffness as trapezoidal ones referred to those of midship section is a promising approach for the prediction of natural frequencies at preliminary design stage; provided good accumulation of data from similar type ships, we may expect to obtain natural frequencies within 5% error.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.461-473
• /
• 2022

Energy-saving block and invisible multiribbed frame composite wall (EBIMFCW) is an important shear wall, which is composed of energy-saving blocks, steel bars and concrete. This paper conducted seismic performance tests on six 1/2-scale EBIMFCW specimens, analyzed their failure process under horizontal reciprocating load, and studied the effect of axial compression ratio on the wall's hysteresis curve and skeleton curve, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, stiffness degradation, bearing capacity degradation. A formula for calculating the peak bearing capacity of such walls was proposed. Results showed that the EBIMFCW had experienced a long time deformation from cracking to failure and exhibited signs of failure. The three seismic fortification lines of the energy-saving block, internal multiribbed frame, and outer multiribbed frame sequentially played important roles. With the increase in axial compression ratio, the peak bearing capacity and ductility of the wall increased, whereas the initial stiffness decreased. The change in axial compression ratio had a small effect on the energy dissipation capacity of the wall. In the early stage of loading, the influence of axial compression ratio on wall stiffness and strength degradation was unremarkable. In the later stage of loading, the stiffness and strength degradation of walls with high axial compression ratio were low. The displacement ductility coefficients of the wall under vertical pressure were more than 3.0 indicating that this wall type has good deformation ability. The limit values of elastic displacement angle under weak earthquake and elastic-plastic displacement angle under strong earthquake of the EBIMFCW were1/800 and 1/80, respectively.