• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2008

Purpose: We investigated the effect of far-infrared radiating products on cold hypersensitivity of lower limbs using CST. Methods: 7 patients with cold hypersensitivity of lower limbs were investigated in this study. Exclusive criteria was skin diseases, spinal nervous disease and external wounds. They were asked to answer the VAS of cold hypersensitivity at baseline and after 3 weeks. We measured temperature of lower limbs with Spectrum 9000 MB (Dorex Inc, USA). We performed cold stress test (CST) by 3 thermographic observation using DITI : 1st was taken after 15 minutes resting at $25^{\circ}C$, the 2nd was immediately taken after 1 minute soak in $20^{\circ}C$ water, the 3rd was taken at 15 minutes after soak. We performed 3 times of CST : 1st CST was perfomed at baseline, 2nd CST was perfomred after 1 week and just observation, 3rd CST was performed after 1 week using far-infrared radiating products (lasner, UMT, Korea). Results: After using products, temperature of foot incresed more than thigh area, but there was no significance. There was no statistical difference of VAS, change of temperature and CST between before and after using far-infrared radiating products. Conclusion: There was no statistical effect of far-infrared radiating products on change of temperature of lower limbs.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.1653-1660
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• 2010

In this study, change of body surface temperature was measured using Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI) to check muscle fatigue recovery & muscle pain control by magnetic stimulations. For clinical trials, subjects were divided into 3 groups : non stimulation group(NSG), electrical stimulation group(ESG) and micro magnetic stimulation group(MSG). In result, temperature differences between left and right arm surfaces were measured as much as $0.86{\pm}0.43^{\circ}C$(n=96) after the exercise, $0.78{\pm}0.12^{\circ}C$ after the electrical stimulation and $0.1{\pm}0.39^{\circ}C$ after the micro magnetic stimulation. Also after 3days, temperature differences between left and right arm surfaces were measured as much as $0.3{\pm}0.14^{\circ}C$ in the NSG, $0.05{\pm}0.21^{\circ}C$ in the ESG and $0.03{\pm}0.21^{\circ}C$ in the MSG. These data showed that the lowest temperature difference between left/right body surface was measured in MSG.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2000

Objectives : This studies were performed to investigate the correlation between the treatment effects and the changes of the thermal differences at the pre and post-treatment by using the digital infrared computer thermographic imaging (D.I.T.I) to the irritable colon syndrome 30 patients. Methods : The extracts of the gwakhyangjunggisan were administerd to the patients by oral method three times per day during four weeks. we selected the Chung-Wan($CV_{12}$), Chunchu($S_{25}$). Hapkok($LI_4$), Naegwan($P_6$), Yongdo($H_4$) acupoints and treated the patients two times per week during four weeks. One week later, we investigated the changes of the pressure pain around left side Pokkyol($SP_{14}$), the symptoms. and the skin temperature changes on Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and Kimun($LR_{14}$) around, by using the D.I.T.I. Results : In the correlation between the severity of the pressure pain around left side Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and the thermal differences on Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and Kimun($LR_{14}$) around, before the treatment, the more the pain was severe, the more the skin temperature was differential significantly. In the correlation between the severity of the symptoms and the thermal differences on Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and Kimun($LR_{14}$) around, before the treatment, the more the symptom was severe, the more the skin temperature was differential significantly. In the changes of the pressure pain around left side of Pokkyol($SP_{14}$), the improved were significantly higher than the unimproved. In the changes of the symptoms, the improved were significantly higher than the unimproved. In the correlation between the changes of the pressure pain around left side Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and the changes of the thermal differences at the pre and post- treatment, the more the pain was improved, the more the thermal change was widened significantly. In the correlation between the changes of the symptoms and the changes of thermal differences at the pre and post-treatment, the more the symptom was improved. the more the thermal change was widened significantly. Conclusions : Above the results, the treatments was effective and the digital infrared computer thermographic imaging (D.I.T.I) was useful to prove the improvements of the pressure pain and the symptom with the irritable bowel syndrome patients.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.219-228
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• 2006

Objectives : To observe the effect of acupuncture treatment on Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI) in frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 17 voluntary patients received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The patients were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment, after 1 week of treatment, after 2 weeks, 3 weeks and after 4 weeks of treatment. Constant Shoulder Assessment(CSA), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI), Range of Motion(ROM) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). DITI was measured before treatment and after 4weeks of treatment. The obtained data was analyzed. Results : CSA, SPADI, VAS, adduction and extension showed significant(p<0.05) improvement. Abduction and flexion both improved after 4 weeks of treatment, but the improvement was statistically insignificant(p>0.05). DITI showed improvement but the improvement was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusion : 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment significantly improved CSA, SPADI, VAS, adduction and extension in frozen shoulder patients(p<0.05). The improvement of abduction and flexion after 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment was insignificant(p>0.05). DITI results improved after 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment. But the change of thermal difference was insignificant(p>0.05).

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to check diagnostic performance of infrared thermography for patients with vascular claudication. Methods : 3 patients with vascular claudication were diagnosed with Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging(DITI) and compared the relative temperature difference between the right and left. Results : Symptomatic legs showed significant low body temperature and at the very site patients complained of pain on, the body temperature differed distinctly between the right and left. Conclusions : Infrared thermographic diagnosis with clinical symptoms may be helpful in diagnosing suspected vascular claudication.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.341-348
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• 2015

Active infrared thermography methods have been known to possess good fault detection capabilities for the detection of defects in materials compared to the conventional passive thermal infrared imaging techniques. However, the reliability of the technique has been under scrutiny. This paper proposes the lock-in thermography technique for the detection and estimation of artificial subsurface defect size and depth with uncertainty measurement.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.548-553
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• 2011

The lock-in thermography was employed to evaluate the defects in railway bogies. Prior to the actual application on railway bogies, in order to assess the detectability of known flaws, the calibration reference panel was prepared with various dimensions of artificial flaws. The panel was composed of polymer matrix composites, which were the same material with actual bogies. Through lock-in thermography evaluation, the optimal frequency of heat source was determined for the best flaw detection. Based on the defects information, the actual defect assessments on railway bogie were conducted with different types of railway bogies, which were used for the current operation. In summary, it was found that the novel infrared thermography technique could be an effective way for the inspection and the detection of surface defects on bogies since the infrared thermography method provided rapid and non-contact investigation of railway bogies.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.69-76
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to find an limitation to detect the defect of damaged asphalt pavement structures for infrared thermography. We use heat source of a natural light to detect the defect efficiently. The heat source was applied to the asphalt specimens. Four asphalt specimens were used: one was the asphalt containing depth of 1cm internal timber, two was the asphalt containing depth of 2cm internal void, Three was the asphalt containing depth of 3cm internal timber and four was not the asphalt containing internal timber. It was found that the depth of 3cm internal timber could be detected by this method. In addition, we used the image processing to make the damage zone displayed clear in the image obtained from the thermographic operation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.63-72
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• 2003

Objective : he purposes of this study are to evaluate the efficacy of Bee Venom therapy(BV) on HNP(Herniation of Nucleus Purposus) of Lumbar spine by use of Visual Analog Scale(VAS), Pain Rating Scale(PRS) and Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI), and to investigate their correlation. Methods : We researched 20 patients who were diagnosed by MRI as having a HNP, and treated them by Oriental medical therapy(including BV) for 4 weeks. The evaluation was peformed twice(admission day and after treatment for 4 weeks), and we compared the results. Results : 1. VAS, PRS and ${\Delta}t$(by DITI) were decreased after BV for 4 weeks significantly(p<0.01). 2. There was significant correlation between VAS and PRS(p<0.05). 3. There was significant correlation between PRS and ${\Delta}t$(p<0.05). 4. There was no significant correlation between VAS and ${\Delta}t$. Conclusions : BV improved HNP subjectively and objectively, and correlation was found between VAS and PRS and between PRS and ${\Delta}t$. Further study is needed for investigating their correlation.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.427-435
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• 2015

Here we report a case of a patient with Raynaud phenomenon due to Buerger’s disease to present the curative effects of herbal medicine in Buerger’s disease. The patient presented with pain, redness, and cyanosis of hands and feet. We used Korean medicine treatment modalities including acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicines. We observed changes in symptoms through digital infrared thermographic imaging, taking photos of both hands and feet. After treatment, the symptoms of pain, redness, and cyanosis of both hands and feet were decreased and digital infrared thermographic imaging proved a rise in temperature of fingers and toes.