• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1293-1316
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• 2021

Using directional antennas in wireless Ad hoc networks has many superiorities, including reducing interference, extending transmission range, and increasing space division multiplexing. However, directional transmission introduces two problems: deafness and directional hidden terminals problems. We observe that these problems result in saturation throughput disparity among the competing flows in directional CSMA/CA based Ad hoc networks and bring challenges for modeling the saturation throughput of the flows. In this article, we concentrate on how to model and analyze the saturation throughput disparity of different flows in directional CSMA/CA based Ad hoc networks. We first divide the collisions occurring in the transmission process into directional instantaneous collisions and directional persistent collisions. Then we propose a four-dimensional Markov chain to analyze the transmission state for a specific node. Our model has three different kinds of processes, namely back-off process, transmission process and freezing process. Each process contains a certain amount of continuous time slots which is defined as the basic time unit of the directional CSMA/CA protocols and the time length of each slot is fixed. We characterize the collision probabilities of the node by the one-step transition probability matrix in our Markov chain model. Accordingly, we can finally deduce the saturation throughput for each directional data stream and evaluate saturation throughput disparity for a given network topology. Finally, we verify the accuracy of our model by comparing the deviation of analytical results and simulation results.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.21-38
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• 2015

본 연구는 21개 영남권 도시들 간 네트워크 시간거리와 유동량자료를 이용하여 이들 간의 상보성을 추정하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 사람, 화물, 정보, 금융 등 네 가지 유형의 유동이 고려되었다. 이들 중 사람과 화물의 유동은 교통 네트워크상에서, 그리고 정보와 금융의 유동은 통신 네트워크상에서 이루어지는 것으로 구분되어 분석되었다. 연구의 목적을 위하여 먼저 도시들 간 유동의 기댓값이 중력모형에 기초한 회귀분석모형과 이중제약 엔트로피 극대화모형을 통해 추정되었다. 이를 통해 추정된 유동량은 사람 및 화물의 경우 실측 유동량으로부터 그리고 정보와 금융의 경우 추정유동량으로부터 차감하여 양의 결과값, 즉 상보성을 가지는 지를 확인하였다. 분석 결과는 이들 네 가지 유형의 상보성 유동이 공간패턴과 도시계층이라는 측면에서 각각 독특한 도시 네트워크를 형성하고 있음을 보여주고 있다. 이는 이 지역에서 네트워크 도시 모형을 추진하는 과정에서 네트워크 기반시설 공급과 관련된 이슈들을 적절한 방식으로 해결하기 위해서는 상보성의 각 유형별로 맞춤형의 전략이 바람직할 것임을 시사한다.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2016

In this paper, we obtain close characterizations of flows near a saddle set which is one of the interesting unstable closed sets. Also, we consider some conditions that closed sets are to be stable.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2019

In this paper, we analyze the behaviour of flows near closed sets with compact boundary which contains no semi-orbits. Also, we give a condition that a closed invariant set is to be asymptotically stable.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.652-653
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• 2015

This study investigates the effect of real-time traffic information on the traffic flows in Korea. Recently, the development of smartphones has made it easier to use the route guidance service based on real-time traffic information. By the Big Data analysis in the study, it was found that the number of postings on the web community sites increased sharply in 2010 and 2011 when the smartphones spread widely. In the analysis of the traffic speeds by time, the average traffic speeds for morning and evening rush hours on weekdays from 2009 to 2014 of the 142 sections in the 6 national highways in Gyeonggi-do, Korea were used. From the results of the analysis, it was found that the percentage of the number of sections with the improved traffic flows increased greatly in 2012 compared to 2011. The findings of the study indicate the effect of the real-time traffic information on improving traffic flows.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2005

An x-ray PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique was developed fur measuring quantitative information on flows inside opaque conduits and/or opaque-fluid flows. To check the performance of the x-ray PIV technique developed, it was applied to a liquid flow in an opaque Teflon tube. To acquire x-ray images suitable for PIV velocity field measurements, the refraction-based edge enhancement mechanism was employed with seeding detectable tracer particles. The amassed velocity field data obtained were in a reasonable agreement with the theoretical prediction. The x-ray PIV technique was also applied to get velocity fields of blood flow and to measure size and velocity of micro-bubbles simultaneously, and to visualize the water refilling process in bamboo leaves. The x-ray PIV was found to be a powerful transmission-type flow imaging technique fur measuring quantitative information of flows inside opaque objects and various opaque-fluid flows.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.237-252
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• 2017

In recent years, data centers have become the core infrastructure to deal with big data processing. For these big data applications, network transmission has become one of the most important factors affecting the performance. In order to improve network utilization and reduce job completion time, in this paper, by real-time monitoring from the application layer, we propose job-aware priority scheduling. Our approach takes the correlations of flows in the same job into account, and flows in the same job are assigned the same priority. Therefore, we expect that flows in the same job finish their transmissions at about the same time, avoiding lagging flows. To achieve load balancing, two approaches (Flow-based and Spray) using ECMP (Equal-Cost multi-path routing) are presented. We implemented our scheme using NS-2 simulator. In our evaluations, we emulate real network environment by setting background traffic, scheduling delay and link failures. The experimental results show that our approach can enhance the Hadoop job execution efficiency of the shuffle stage, significantly reduce the network transmission time of the highest priority job.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.643-650
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• 2004

제어 흐름 그래프는 자료 흐름 분석과 제어 종속 분석과 같은 프로그램 분석 분야와 프로그램 슬라이싱과 테스팅과 같은 소프트웨어공학 분야에서 필요로 하는 정보이다. 이러한 분석들이 안전하고 유용하기 위해서는 제어 흐름 그래프는 예외 흐름을 포함해야 한다. 기존의 방법은 예외 흐름과 정상 흐름의 상호 의존적인 관계로 인해 두 흐름을 동시에 계산하면서 제어 흐름 그래프를 생성한다. 그러나 실제 Java 프로그램을 조사해 본 결과 두 흐름이 상호 의존적으로 필요한 경우는 거의 발생하지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 정상 흐름과 예외 흐름을 분리해서 계산할 수 있음을 알았고, 예외 흐름을 계산하는 예외 흐름 분석을 제안한다. 그리고 예외 흐름을 표현하는 예외 흐름 그래프를 제안한다. 그리고 제어 흐름 그래프는 예외 흐름 그래프와 정상 흐름 그래프를 합병함으로써 생성될 수 있음을 보인다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2005

두 영상에서 정확한 광류를 얻고자 할 경우, 잘못 정합된 광류의 수가 전체의 $80\%$이상일 경우에도, 정합이 잘된 광류만을 빠르고 안정적으로 추출하는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법은 다음과 같은 단계로 구성된 그룹화 알고리즘이다. 1)광류의 방향과 길이성분으로 구성된 2차원 히스토그램을 구성한 후, 2)2차원 히스토그램에서 광류수가 높은 그룹들부터 내림차 순으로 정리한 후 각 그룹에서 광류수가 적은 그룹은 제거한다. 또, 3)선택된 그룹들의 광류수가 $20\%$ 이상일때는 히스토그램의 분해율를 증가 시키고, $10\%$ 이하일 경우에는 히스토그램의 분해율을 감소시켜서 위 과정을 반복한다. 선택된 그룹들의 광류수가 $10\%$에서 $20\%$사이에 올 때 까지 이 반복을 계속한다. 제안한 알고리즘을 잘못된 광류가 많이 포함된 다양한 종류의 영상에 대해서 적용한 결과 강건하게 정합이 되어 잘못된 광류를 제거할 수 있었다. 이 논문은 이에 대한 실험결과를 포함하였다.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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• pp.145-146
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• 2006

Recently, the next-generation advanced flow visualization techniques such as holographic PIV, dynamic PIV, echo-PIV, micro/nano-PIV, and X-ray PIV have been introduced. These advanced measurement techniques have a big potential as the core technology for analyzing outmost thermo-fluid flows in future. These would be indispensable in solving complicated thermo-fluid flow problems not only in the industrial fields such as automotive, space, electronics, aero- and hydro-dynamics, steel, and information engineering, but also in the research fields of medical science, bio-medical engineering, environmental and energy engineering etc. Especially, NT (Nano Technology) and BT (Bio Technology) strongly demand these advanced measurement techniques, because it is impossible for conventional measurement methods to observe most complicated nano- and bio-fluidic phenomena. In this presentation, the basic principle of these high-tech flow visualization techniques and their practical applications which cannot be resolved by conventional methods, such as blood flows in a micro-tube, in vivo analysis of micro-circulation, and flow around a living body will be introduced as a blue ocean strategy.