• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.951-958
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• 2005

As a foundation study of stem cell applied research, it is necessary to identify the large gene expression through cDNA microarray to understand principles of the level of molecular about cell function. In this paper, we investigated the gene expression through the K-means clustering method and path analysis with genes related to pluripoteny and differentiation in an mouse early stage embryonic development process and embryonic stem cell differentiation. We find a few biological phenomenon through this study. Also, we realize that this process provides functional relationship of unknown genes.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1188-1200
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• 2015

A unified numerical method for computing the quadrature weights, integration matrix, and differentiation matrix is newly developed in this study. For this purpose, a spline-like interpolation using piecewise continuous polynomials is converted into a global spline interpolation formula, with which the quadrature formulas can be derived from integration and differentiation of the transformed function in an exact manner. To prove the usefulness of the suggested approach, both the Lagrange and tension spline interpolations are represented in exactly the same form as global spline interpolation. The applicability of the proposed method on arbitrary nodes is illustrated using two different sets of nodes. A series of validations using three test functions is conducted to show the flexibility in selecting computational nodes with the present method.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.126-131
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• 2022

Obesity is known as a metabolic disease caused by abnormal differentiation of fat tissue due to an imbalance between energy intake and consumption.. The purpose of this study was to confirm the changes in the genes associated with pancreatic lipase activity and pre-adipocyte cell differentiation by treatment of red onion extract treatment. The effect of red onion extract treatment on pre-adipocyte differentiation was evaluated using 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and the activity of related genes was confirmed through Real-Time PCR. As a result of the experiment, the red onion extract inhibit pancreatic lipidase activity by concentration dependent manner. In addition, it was found to inhibit adipocyte differentiation and inhibit the activity of genes(C/EBP-α, C/EBP-β, PPAR-γ) associated with adipocyte differentiation. Through the results of this experiment, it is suggested that the red onion extract can be developed as a high potential material with anti-obesity efficacy by suppressing adipocytic differentiation by controlling genes related to adipocyte differentiation.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.527-532
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• 2007

Differentiation strategies have been suggested as the critical sources of competitive advantage in B2C industry where customers can switch internet shopping mall with one click with virtually no transaction cost. Indeed, competition on low pricing cannot be a viable strategy in B2C industry. Moreover, cultivating customer loyalty to attain profitability is still a challenging task for most internet shopping mall. In this study, we provide empirical analysis results on key managerial variables that indicate the difference between the product categories in terms of customer perception on relative value importance. We first identified comprehensive managerial variables and organized them in terms of customer decision stage. Next, with reference to extant literatures on product characteristics based e-commerce strategy, hypotheses are developed to formalize the customer value differences on the key managerial variables. Empirical testing results indicated that there are significant differences on customer perceived value of the key managerial variables between the product groups. The findings provide useful insight for further study on e-commerce differentiation strategy.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.105-113
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• 2011

Brand is a useful tool for modem people living under the age of the brand, to explain the information of their products by differentiating themselves from others. It also represents the value of company and plays a major role convincing customers. Even living space brands are no exception. According to the development of marketing management ability, living space brands require the new sales strategy to dominate the market over the business competition, and plan differently for a changing market environment. On such account, companies are commercializing the living space via establishing its brands. Thus the study will cover the living space differentiation strategies for promoting the brand images of respective construction companies and will strive to compare and analyze the differentiation strategy factors that construction firms are pursuing through case analysis framework. Moreover, it's objective focuses on materializing the strategies of living space in accordance to the brand application elements.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.79-102
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• 2000

This study aims at providing restaurant marketers and decision-makers both the brand differentiation information and the useful clues to achieve the high market share through the various brand differentiation opportunities in multi-chain family restaurants. Sample surveys were conducted to 245 persons who had frequent using multi-chain family restaurants in Seoul. Method of survey used are telephone interviewing. The result of analysis was shown the marketer's performances on differentiation marketing, but that there were a lot of opportunities of differentiating the brand from others. Therefore, restaurant marketers and decision-makers should try to differentiate their brand along the lines of physical attributes, service, food quality, personnel, location, or image, in order to win the guest and then get the succession of their business.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.12 no.4 s.30
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• pp.275-287
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• 2005

Geometric invariants are basic tools for geometric processing and computer vision. In this paper, we give a linear approximation for the differentiation of the binormal vector field of a space curve by using the forward and backward differences of discrete binormal vectors. Two kind of discrete torsion, say, back-ward torsion $T_b$ and forward torsion $T_f$ can be defined by the dot product of the (backward and forward) discrete differentiation of binormal vectors that are linear approximations of torsion. Using Frenet formula and Taylor series expansion, we give error estimations for the discrete torsions. We also give numerical tests for a curve. Notably the average of $T_b$ and $T_f$ looks more stable in errors.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.436-450
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• 2017

Recently, the method based on fractional order partial differential equation has been used in image processing. Usually, the optional order of fractional differentiation is determined by a lot of experiments. In this paper, a denoising model is proposed based on adaptive fractional order anisotropic diffusion. In the proposed model, the complexity of the local image texture is reflected by the local variance, and the order of the fractional differentiation is determined adaptively. In the process of the adaptive fractional order model, the discrete Fourier transform is applied to compute the fractional order difference as well as the dynamic evolution process. Experimental results show that the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measurement (SSIM) of the proposed image denoising algorithm is better than that of other some algorithms. The proposed algorithm not only can keep the detailed image information and edge information, but also obtain a good visual effect.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.4 s.107
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• pp.455-460
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• 2006

Currently, the IETF group is working on service differentiation in the Internet. However, in wireless environments such as Ad-hoc networks, where channel conditions are variable and bandwidth is scarce, the Internet differentiated services are suboptimal without lower layers' support. The IEEE 802.11 standard for Wireless LANs is the most widely used WLAN standard today. 1t has a mode of operation that can be used to provide service differentiation, but it has been shown to perform badly. In this paper, we present a new service differentiation scheme for support QoS in the wireless IEEE 802.11, which is based on a multiple queuing system to provide priority of user's flow. We simulate and analyze the performance of our algorithm and compare its performance with the original IEEE 802.11b protocol. Simulation results show that our approach increases overall throughput in the MAC layer.

• Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.751-760
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Bone tissue engineering based on pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is a new approach to deal with bone defects. Protocols have been developed to generate osteoblasts from PSCs. However, the low efficiency of this process is still an important issue that needs to be resolved. Many studies have aimed to improve efficiency, but developing accurate methods to determine efficacy is also critical. Studies using pluripotency to estimate efficacy are rare. Telomerase is highly associated with pluripotency. METHODS: We have described a quantitative method to measure telomerase activity, telomeric repeat elongation assay based on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). To investigate whether this method could be used to determine the efficiency of in vitro osteogenic differentiation based on pluripotency, we measured the pluripotency pattern of cultures through stemness gene expression, proliferation ability and telomerase activity, measured by QCM. RESULTS: We showed that the pluripotency pattern determined by QCM was similar to the patterns of proliferation ability and gene expression, which showed a slight upregulation at the late stages, within the context of the general downregulation tendency during differentiation. Additionally, a comprehensive gene expression pattern covering nearly every stage of differentiation was identified. CONCLUSION: Therefore, this assay may be powerful tools for determining the efficiency of differentiation systems based on pluripotency. In this study, we not only introduce a new method for determining efficiency based on pluripotency, but also provide more information about the characteristics of osteogenic differentiation which help facilitate future development of more efficient protocols.