• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.59-73
• /
• 1999

It is known that the role of informal support for elderly women is critical to their physical and mental health, adjustment in old age, and their overall life satisfaction. Elderly women's situation such as social losses, widowhood, living alone, and geographic relocation etc. may result in a need for more informal supports for elderly women's health than ever before. Particularly, women's same-sex friendships were rated higher for overall quality, intimacy, enjoyment, and nurturance. Unlike a generally accepted notion that later life for women is a time of isolation and loneliness, elderly women tend to maintain and reestablish their friendship regardless their marital status and living situation. Although studies on informal support for elderly women were inconclusive in many ways, elderly women's friendship tends to be stable despite of changing health status and life events. The relative importance between daughters and friends was also controversial. This study suggests that more research with reliable measurements is necessary for the practical prevention and intervention program of elderly women's health on this issue.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.893-904
• /
• 2000

The sample of this study consisted of 140 informal caregivers who provided care to the older adults(over 60 years of age) in Great Cleveland, USA. Self-rated questionnaires were utilized to collect information. The purpose of the study was to identify coping strategies most frequently utilized by informal caregivers of older adults and to examine predictors of the caregivers' health responses to the caregiving situation applying Lazarus and Folkman stress model(1984). Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify significant predictors among caregivers' demographic-socio-economic factors, older adult's dependency of activities of daily living(ADLs), caregiver's appraisal to the caregiving situation, and coping strategies. Informal caregivers (N=140) included in the study utilized help-seeking and problem-solving coping strategies more than self-blame and minimization of threat coping strategies. Caregivers' responses to the caregiving situation were observed by caregivers' perceived physical health, depression and life satisfaction. For perceived physical health, threat appraisal, older adult's dependency on ADLs, existential growth coping strategy, and monthly income accounted for 25% of the variance. Caregivers who appraised the caregiving situation as more threatening, reported higher dependency on ADLs, used more existential growth coping strategy, and had higher monthly income reported better physical health. For depression, threat appraisal, stress appraisal, existential growth coping strategy, self-blame coping strategy, and monthly income accounted for 48% of the variance. Caregivers who used more existential growth coping and less self-blame coping, appraised the situation as less threatening, less stressful, and had higher monthly income reported less depression. For life satisfaction, self-blame coping, existential growth coping, monthly income, stress appraisal accounted for 49% of the variance. Caregivers who used more existential growth coping, less self-blame coping, less stress appraisal, lower monthly income reported better life satisfaction. In conclusion, informal caregivers in this study utilized positive coping strategies such as problem-focused, existential growth, help-seeking, rather than negative coping strategies including self-blame. When they utilized positive coping strategies more often, caregivers experienced higher perceived physical health, higher life satisfaction and lower depression. Therefore, nursing intervention which utilized positive coping strategies is needed to enhance informal caregivers to have positive health responses to the caregiving demands.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.91-106
• /
• 2008

Interviews with 24 pupils in grade 1-2 were used to investigate awareness of the relation between situation and computation in simple quotitive and partitive division problems as informally experienced. Then it was suggested how to connect children's informal knowledge and formal knowledge of division. Most subjects counted cubes or made drawing, and related these methods to the situation described in the problems. In result, quotitive division was experienced as a dealing situation, where the number of items represented by the divisor was repeatedly taken from the whole number. And estimate-adjust was the most frequently displayed way of experiencing partitive division. Therefore, partitive division with its two measurement variables can be related to a measurement model. And children should be taught column algorithms for division with estimated-adjust which pupils used for partitive division problems.

• 복식
• /
• 제53권3호
• /
• pp.155-163
• /
• 2003

The purposes of this study were to identify the differences of the Casual Hanbok's image perception according to wearing situation and to certify factors affecting the Casual Hanbok's purchase. Self administered questionnaires were used. The subjects were 596 women in Chonbuk Province and done during August. 2002. Proportion, percentage, mean, factor analysis, ANOVA and multi-regression were done for data analysis. The results were as follows ; 1. Factors in the Casual Hanbok's image perception were fashion, elegant, comfort, innovation and tradition. The total variences were 53.84%. Especially tradition and innovation factors were very Important. 2. Casual Hanbok's perceived image in formal situation were higher in factors of fashion, elegance, comfort, innovation, and tradition than the perceived image in mind. And the image of informal situation was higher in factors of fashion, elegant and innovation than the perceived image in mind. 3. Purchasing intention was affected by the Casual Hanbok's fashion, elegance, innovation, and tradition, and their influence was 18.10%. Casual Hanbok wearing frequencies affected the purchasing intention significantly.

• World Technopolis Review
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.2-7
• /
• 2019

If China can emerge from its current recession and complete its ongoing transition to technology-leader status, it will be an ever more dominant force in Asia and worldwide. Years spent living in Asia have spurred the co-Editor-in-Chief of this journal to offer informal comments on the status and prospects of China's socio-technical situation.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.21-39
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate service support programs for the work-family balance in the community. Service support programs in the community are at beginning stages of development, because it has taken about 10 years to put a self-governing system into practice in Korea. This study concentrates on service support programs developed by various service organizations in the city and does not include any rural districts. First, the developmental process of the work-family balance model and type of the service support program in the community were studied. Next, the situation of care service support was examined based on written articles. Finally, a few suggestions were made f3r work-family balance in the community. The developmental situation of work-flmily balance in Korea is in a stage which is shifting from the company-leading model to a family-company-community model. The most common type of service support program offered in the community until now has been the informal sector through relatives, neighbors or friends. However, service support programs, in the public sector by the government and in the voluntary sector by nonprofit organizations and corporations, has rapidly been growing and the number of services from each sector has also increased. Profit organizations in the private sector, such as medical and care service centers, are also now rapidly increasing. It appears that service support programs contributing to the work-family balance in the community come from a number of sectors, including public, voluntary, private and informal sectors, to suit consumer needs.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.130-137
• /
• 2021

In the current software project, it is still very difficult to extract and define clear requirements in the requirement engineering. Informal requirements documents based on natural language can be interpreted in different meanings depending on the degree of understanding or maturity level of the requirements analyst. Also, Furthermore, as the project progresses, requirements continue to change from the customer. This change in requirements is a catastrophic failure from a management perspective in software projects. In the situation of frequent requirements changes, a current issue of requirements engineering area is how to make clear requirements with unclear and ambigousrequirements. To solve this problem, we propose to extract and redefine clear requirements by incorporating Design Thinking methodologies into requirements engineering. We expect to have higher possibilities to improve software quality by redefining requirements that are ambiously and unclearly defined.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.357-366
• /
• 2005

이 연구는 교육과정에 명시적으로 표기하지 않은 개념형성과정을 밝혀 구조망으로 나타내고, 여기에서 교사가 지도할 내용의 개열을 구성하는데 그 목적을 둔다. 이를 위해 연구진은 사인함수의 그래프에 대한 개념형성과정을 수업모델로 만들어 교실에서 수업을 실시하고 수업 중학생들의 모둠활동을 관찰했다. 또, 수업 후에는 인터뷰를 통해 개념형성과정에서 보인 상황 찾기(인식), 사용된 사고전략, 효과적인 자료 및 학습도구 등 학생들의 반응을 면밀히 기록했다. 이들 결과는 5인의 전문 집단에 의하여 분석되어 내용구조망(network)과 그 지도계열을 구성할 수 있었다. 이 연구는 학교현장에서 소홀이 되고 있는 개념교육에 구체적인 방법을 제시하고 있다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제4권5호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 1981

The behavior of woman consumer is changing according is its situation and includes its complexity. The complexities are being changed by the economic, psycalogical social, and cultural factors. The influence of group on the behavior of consumer -the primary, secondary, formal, informal, membership and reference group -has a great influence on the buying decision. Though manufacturers have pursued only behavior, now they must pursue the positive promotion behavior on the basis of convert behavior of current consumer's behavior. The research of consumer's behavior must be performed scicntificallyan and it must be more practical approach.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제10권7호
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 산업현장에서 학습훈련이 이루어질 때 작업현장, 교육현장, 기타 시공간에서 작업자의 현재 상황이나 담당업무 맥락에 따라 개인의 숙련도나 학습진도에 맞추어 3D 몰입형 지식 가시화를 통해 비공식학습과 공식학습 모두 실시간으로 발생할 수 있는 서비스 구현을 목표로 한다. 이를 위해서 복합지식을 기반으로 실시간으로 코칭과 조언을 들을 수 있으며, 다차원적인 관계를 쉽게 식별하고 검색할 수 있는 실감형 3D 기반의 지식 검색 방법을 개발하였다.