• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2013

The joining methods of steel structures of gas facilities, bridges, ships etc. by welding are composed mostly of T-type or cruciform fillet welding and full penetration or partial penetration according to the uses and the shape of the structures. In this study, it was examined the characteristics of fatigue crack according to penetration depth in relation to material thickness in the cruciform fillet welded joints. From the results, it was investigated the safe design stresses within the range of infinite life. When the LOP length is long the range of infinite life is small with root failure and when the LOP length is short the range of infinite life is large with teo failure. For the specimen of material thickness, 20mm welded by 3 pass compared with 10mm, 15mm welded by 2 pass, the fatigue strength and the range of infinite life was more improved by increasing of notch toughness from formation of micro-ferrite acicular structure.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.257-259
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• 2007

For this study, SM45C steel rods using generally for power transmission shafts and machine components was selected and welded by Butt-GMAW method. and then it was studied about estimation of fatigue strength and the region of infinite life. From this result, it is demanded that the stress for safety design of machine components using SM45C butt-welded steel rods must be selected in the region of the lowest infinite life of heat affected zone.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.519-525
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• 2008

For this study, SM45C steel rods using generally for power transmission shafts and machine components was selected and welded by butt-GMAW method. And then it was studied about estimation of fatigue strength and the region of infinite life by Haigh diagram using Goodman's equation. Fatigue strength in weld zone presents highly in order of the boundary between deposited metal zone and heat affected zone, deposited metal zone, heat affected zone. This result agrees with distribution of hardness in weld zone. Fatigue strength in base metal zone presents highly compared with weld zone in low cycles between $10^4$ cycles and $10^6$cycles, but it presents the lowest fatigue strength on the order of heat affected zone in the vicinity of $10^6$cycles. It is the result that the first high compressive residual stress distributed by drawing process of the steel rods is released and the base metal is softened by alternating stresses. The region of infinite life by Haigh diagram presents highly in order of the boundary between deposited metal zone and heat affected zone, deposited metal zone, heat affected zone. From this results, it is demanded that the stress for safety design of machine components using SM45C butt-welded steel rods must be selected in the region of the lowest infinite life of heat affected zone.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.283-287
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• 2000

The Internet is becoming an abstract system from which we can get every kind of project and to which we can entrust every kind of project. That is, Internet can be considered both as an infinite scale of task pool and infinite scale of TM (Task Module) pool, which surely provides the necessary and sufficient condition for dwelling of the virtual life. n we could build up the proper ecosystem composed of the virtual life, It would be possible to implement the system as a life. The life system thus obtained provides us some decisive advantages, which is not available by the reduction paradigm. In this Paper, we presented an ecosystem based on Internet which will be followed by the discussion of its meaning in terms of usefulness.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.9-16
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• 2002

The adsorption characteristics and surface energetics of hydrophobically modified MCC have been investigated by the inverse gas chromatography technique at infinite dilution. The thermodynamic parameters of adsorption, ΔG, ΔH and ΔS, for n-alkanes were determined at infinite dilution. Heats of adsoption of the n-alkanes increased as the level of hydrophobic modification increased. The hydrophobically modified MCC also showed greater entropy of adsorption indicating restricted mobility of the adsorbed n-alkanes. The acid/base characteristics of the MCC were evaluated using polar probes. As the hydrophobicity of MCC increased, the basisity of the MCC decreased.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.20-26
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• 2019

In this study, the optimal shape parameter condition is presented after analyzing the attributes of the software reliability model according to the change of the shape parameter of Loma life distribution with infinite fault NHPP. In order to analyze the software failure phenomena, the parametric estimation method was applied to the Maximum Likelihood Estimation method, and the nonlinear equation was applied to the bisection method. As a result, it was found that when the attributes according to the change of the shape parameter are compared, the smaller the shape parameter is, the better the prediction ability of the true value, and reliability attributes are efficient. Through this study, it is expected that software developers can increase reliability by preliminarily grasping the type of software failure based on shape parameter, and can be used as basic information to improve the software reliability attributes.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.177-187
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• 2009

Machine or structural members subjected to fatigue loading will have a crack initiated during early part of their life. Therefore analysis of members with cracks and other discontinuities is very important. Finite element method has enjoyed widespread use in engineering, but it is not convenient for crack problems as the region very close to crack tip is to be discretized with very fine mesh. However, as the body force method (BFM), requires only the boundary of the discontinuity (crack or hole) to be discretized it is easy versatile technique to analyze such problems. In the present work fundamental solution for concentrated load x + iy acting in the semi-infinite plate at an arbitrary point $z_0=x_0+iy_0$ is considered. These fundamental solutions are in complex form ${\phi}(z)$ and ${\psi}(z)$ (England 1971). These potentials are known as Melan potentials (Ramakrishna 1994). A crack in the semi-infinite plate as shown in Fig. 1 is considered. This crack is divided into number of divisions. By applying pair of body forces on a division, the resultant forces on the remaining 'N'divisions are to be found for which ${\phi}_1(z)$ and ${\psi}_1(z)$ are derived. Body force method is applied to calculate stress intensity factor for crack in semi-infinite plate. Also for the case of crack emanating from circular hole in semi-infinite plate radial stress, hoop stress and shear stress are calculated around the hole and crack. Convergent results are obtained by body force method. These results are compared with FEM results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2015

The rebar factory production process involves the repetitive bending of rebars. Therefore, the fatigue failure of the rebar bending machine needs to be considered. In this paper, fatigue analysis of the rebar machine was performed using the commercial software DAFUL, which is based on MFBD (Multi Flexible Body Dynamics). The rotating roller, fixing roller and rebar were modeled by the finite element method. The rebar bending process is simulated and the mechanical stresses on the rollers are calculated. Structural analysis of the rebar bending roller was performed using the maximum bending angle of $180^{\circ}$ and maximum processing rebar diameter of ${\Phi}19mm$. Then, for fatigue analysis, the S-N curve of STD-11 was. The fatigue life of rollers is estimated by modified Goodman diagram. The fatigue life range of the rotating roller is $2.99961{\times}10^5{\sim}1{\times}10^8$ while that of the fixed roller is $2.53142{\times}10^5{\sim}1{\times}10^8$. STD-11 has an infinite life cycle after $1{\times}10^8$. Therefore, the rollers of the rebar bending machine may be expected to suffer fatigue failure. Thus, we performed a parameter study of fatigue life according to various axial radii of the fixed roller and rotating roller, and redesign of the rebar bending machine. Consequently, the axial radius of the fixed roller and rotating roller was found to be 35~37.5mm and 30~35mm, respectively, and an infinite life cycle was confirmed at these.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2010

SM45C steel rods using generally for machine components were selected and welded by butt-GMA welding method for this study. And then they were studied about characteristics of fatigue behavior and fracture surfaces by rotary bending test. Fatigue strength in weld zone present highly in order of the boundary between deposited metal zone and heat affected zone, deposited metal zone, heat affected zone. The region of infinite life by Haigh diagram present highly in order of the boundary between deposited metal zone and heat affected zone, deposited metal zone, heat affected zone. Fatigue cracks in unnotched specimens of base metal and weld zone introduce simultaneously from extensive out-side of circumferential cross-section and propagate to the other side indicating beach markings and dimples according to consolidation of fatigue cracks. Fatigue cracks in all of notched specimens introduce simultaneously in out-side of circumferential cross-section by high stresses and propagate to center of it indicating beach markings.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.133-138
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• 2007

Surface pitting is a major failure mode for gears. The contact fatigue life analysis of transmission gear considering running-in process is presented in this paper. Surface roughness change of rolling test is used in a life analysis. Contact stresses are obtained by contact analysis of a semi-infinite solid based on the use of influence functions; the subsurface stress field is obtained using rectangular patch solutions. Mesoscopic multiaxial fatigue criterion which can yield satisfactory results for non-proportional loading is then applied to predict fatigue damage. Suitable counting method and damage rule were used to calculate the fatigue life of random loading caused by rough surface. The life analysis considering running-in is in good agreement with the experimental results.