• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 2001

To clarify for the presence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Korea before 1986, in which the virus was first isolated, materials collected from chicken diagnostic consignments between 1980 and 1985 and propagated in chicken embryos or cell cultures were screened by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeted to the nucleocapsid gene of the virus. Among 11 samples examined, one sample (IBV-SNU80108) submitted in 1980 showed specific PCR product (281 bp). When the amplified product was sequenced, together with IBV vaccine virus H120 strain, and compared with the data for ten other IBV strains derived from the GeneBank, identities between IBV-SNU80108 and other strains in nucleotide and amino acid sequences ranged 96.3% to 63.7% and 96.4% to 69%, respectively. IBV-SNU80108 was distinct from H120 strain by showing 91.9% and 92.9% identities in the respective sequences. This data suggested that IBV genetically distinctive from other foreign IBV strains might be present before 1986 in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 2011

Prevalence of major legal communicable diseases in chickens and ducks, which had occurred in Jeonbuk province from year 2004 to 2008. Total 283 farms 1,419,244 chickens and ducks have been affected by avian diseases. Specifically, fowl typhoid (FT) occurred in 92 farms 416,600 chickens, Marek's disease (MD) in 45 farms 145,563, duck virus hepatitis (DVH) in 31 farms 199,200, infectious bursal disease (IBD) in 27 farms 113,220, infectious bronchitis (IB) in 27 farms 280,300, low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) in 26 farms 78,495, avian mycoplasmosis in 16 farms 103,774, Newcastle disease (ND) occurred in 11 farms 61,052, avian encephalomyelitis (AE) in 7 farms 21,000, Pullorum disease (PD) occurred in 1 farm 40. According to total analysis about major legal communicable diseases, 1 species of first-class legal communicable diseases have occurred, 3 species of second-class and 6 species of third-class all adding up to 10 species. In the first-class diseases, Newcastle disease have occurred. Pullorum and fowl typhoid, duck virus hepatitis in the second-class have occurred and as third-class diseases, Marek's disease, Infectious bursal disease, Infectious bronchitis, avian mycoplasmosis, avian encephalomyelitis, low pathogenic avian influenza have occurred.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.63 no.4
• /
• pp.41.1-41.6
• /
• 2023

Many viruses can infect different types of birds, with poultry being the most susceptible. These viral diseases have a direct negative impact on the poultry industry, with significant economic losses. This study examined a group of the most important viruses that infect backyard chickens in 2 specific areas of Basrah Governorate, south of Iraq. The study analyzed avian influenza viruses (AIVs), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Two hundred and ninety oropharyngeal swabs, 150 from Abu Al-Khasib and 140 from Shatt Al-Arab regions in the Basrah governorate, were obtained from backyard chickens with clear respiratory signs. The samples were subjected to viral RNA extraction, and the viral nucleic acids were detected using a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique. The overall rate of viral infections was 74.8%, which varied depending on the type of virus: 15.8%, 31.3%, and 27.5% for AIV, NDV, and IBV, respectively. The NDV and IBV had much higher infection rates than that of AIV. In addition, the prevalence of AIV in the Shatt Al Arab district was significantly higher than in the Abul Khasib district. Moreover, there were no significant differences between the NDV and the IBV distributions in either of the targeted regions in this study.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.811-817
• /
• 1998

Humoral and cellular immune responses are depressed in chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus(REV). The extent of depression is influenced by the age of infection and strain of virus. This study was conducted for investigation of immunosuppressive effects of a Korean isolate of REV. Chickens infected with REV-HI, a Korean isolate, at 1 day old were severely suppressed in the vaccinal immunity against Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease. But these immunosuppressive effects were not observed in chickens infected with the virus at 2 weeks of age, or contact infected by growing in-contact with inoculated chickens from one day old. The clinical signs following infectious laryngotracheitis(ILT) vaccination in chickens infected with REV-HI at 1 day old were more severe than those of uninfected chickens, and some of REV-infected chickens(21.4%) were died after the vaccination. Mortality following virulent ILT virus infection was increased in REV-HI infected chickens. Effects of REV infection at one day old to susceptibilities to subsequent Chicken anemia agent (CAA) infection were also studied. Chickens were infected with REV-HI at 1 day old and subsequently inoculated CAA at 1, 7, 14 and 28 days old, respectively. Mortalities of the chickens infected with REV-HI and subsequent CAA infection were 100, 100, 40 and 0%, respectively, whereas 23, 8, 0 and 0% of chickens infected with only CAA were died, respectively. These above all results suggest that a Korean isolate of REV may be highly immunosuppressive.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
• /
• v.46 no.8
• /
• pp.726-735
• /
• 2010

전염성기관지염 바이러스(infectious bronchitis virus: IBV), 조류 뉴모 바이러스(Avian pneumovirus: APV), 뉴캣슬병 바이러스 (Newcastle disease virus: NDV), 조류인플루엔자 바이러스(avian influenza virus: AIV) 전염성 후두기관염 바이러스 (infectious laryngotracheitis virus: ILTV)는 닭의 호흡기에 직접 감염하여 호흡기질환을 일으키는 대표적인 바이러스로 알려져 있다. 그 밖에 아데노바이러스(adenovirus)와 레오바이러스 (reovirus)도 닭의 상부호흡기에 침투하여 피해를 입히는 이차적 원인체로 작용할 수 있다. 이들중 APV와 ILTV는 닭의 호흡기도에 국한되어 증식하지만 IBV, NDV, AIV의 경우 호흡기도 이외의 장기에서 증식이 가능하여 그 피해가 다양하게 나타나 문제 시 되기도 한다 (예: 산란장기 및 신장 (IBV), 소화기 (NDV, IBV, AIV), 중추신경계 (NDV, AIV)). 이외에도 상당수의 감염성 질환이 닭의 호흡기에 영향을 미칠 수 있으나, 해당 농장의 호흡기 피해가 어떤 질병에 의한 것인지 명확히 파악하지 못한 채 단순 항생제 처방에만 의지하는 경우가 많은 것이 현실이다. 따라서 국내 양계농가에서 문제시되는 주요 호흡기 질병과 이들의 감수성을 증대시키는 요인을 파악하는 것이 필요하고, 호흡기 질병의 피해에 대한 재인식과 아울러 호흡기 질병 피해 감소를 위한 진단과 예방노력이 하루속히 정착되어야 할 것이다. 본지에서는 대표적인 호흡기 질병 세가지(전염성기관지염, 조류뉴모바이러스감염증, 뉴캣슬병)의 최근 발생동향과 그 대처방안에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.277-282
• /
• 1986

Reduced egg production with depigmented, chalky deposit, wrinkled and malformed eggs was observed in breeder flecks at the end of 1985 and further spread in laying flocks throughout the country. The disease was identified as Infectious Bronchitis based on serological findings and virus isolation.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.127-136
• /
• 2019

Three strains of infectious bronchitis viruses (IBVs), designated VNUA3, VNUA8 and VNUA11, were isolated from diseased/infected chickens in Hanoi, Thainguyen, and Haiphong provinces of Vietnam. These birds had received a live IBV vaccination but still suffered from infectious bronchitis. VNUA3, VNUA8 and VNUA11 harbor cleavage sites (RRTGR, HRRRR, and HRRKR, respectively) within the S protein. A BLASTN search revealed that the S gene of VNUA3, VNUA8, and VNUA11 showed the highest nucleotide identity with those of IBV strains CK/Italy/I2022/13, CK/CH/LHLJ/08-6, and GX-NN120084, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on the S gene nucleotide sequences revealed that VNUA3, VNUA8 and VNUA11 clustered with Q1-like, QX-like and TC07-2-like genotypes, respectively, and were closely related to reference IBV strains from China. However, the Vietnam IBVs showed high divergence from vaccine strains 4/91 and Ma5, which are used in the Vietnamese farms from which the isolates were obtained. Taken together, these results indicate that at least three genotypes of IBV are circulating among chickens in North Vietnam. This is the first report of the molecular epidemiology of IBV in Vietnam.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 1992

Avian infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) was propagated in SPF eggs and purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation in order to prepare the antigen. Several fusions were made between mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from BALB/c mouse immunized with IBV antigen and two hybridoma clones producing specific monoclonal antibody(MCA) against the IBV were established. The MCAs were classified as IgG type and revealed no neutralizing and hemagglutination inhibition activity. Using the MCA IBV antigen was detected by IFA method in tracheal smears made from chickens infected with IBV during the experimental period of 10 days.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2015

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes an acute and highly contagious viral disease of chicken that is great economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Among the IBV structural proteins, the high rate spike glycoprotein S1 gene mutation and antigenic variant strains have been reported in many countries. During the years 2012~2014, 10 IBV strains were isolated from infected chicken farms distributed in provinces of Jeonbuk. Analysis of the S1 gene sequences amplified from 10 isolated strains with QX strains showed nucleotide homologies ranging from 96.5 to 95.4%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all strains were clustered into QX-like groups. This study suggests that QX-like IBVs are circulating in commercial chicken farms in Jeonbuk. Therefore, the continuing survellance is significantly important for prevention and control of BIV infection.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.187-192
• /
• 2017

In this report, fifteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against an avian influenza virus (H9N2 subtype) were newly produced and characterized. These MAbs proved to react to the epitopes of nucleocapsid protein (NP), hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA) and non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of Korean H9N2 strain, respectively. Two HA-specific MAbs showed the ability to inhibit the hemagglutination activity of H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus when tested by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. All MAbs did not cross-react with other avian-origin viruses (Newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus and avian rotavirus) by immunofluorescence test or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The MAbs produced in this study could be useful as the materials for diagnostics and therapeutics against Korean-lineage H9N2 virus infections.