• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this article was to assess epidemiological characteristics and recommendations for strengthening national response and preparedness after MERS-CoV outbreak in Korea, 2015. Methods: The author reviewed epidemiological reports and policy recommendations on MERS-CoV outbreak in Korea, 2015. Results: There was no evidence that genetical difference between the MERS viruses in the Republic of Korea and recent viruses in the Middle East. From the index case to last laboratory-confirmed case, there were 186 laboratory-confirmed cases that included 36 deaths(19.4%), all of whom appear epidemiologically linked to the index cases or subsequent secondary, tertiary, and quaternary cases. This outbreak spread to hospitals through nosocomial transmission. At least, three large clusters were investigated. However, there was at least one case of community transmission of MERS-CoV. Several factors had contributed to the MERS outbreak in Korea, 2015 that including epidemiological characteristics, and infrastructure of national healthcare system for preventing and controlling emerging infectious diseases. Conclusions: It is very important that to share experiences and identify underlying causes of this outbreak for prevention and control of emerging infectious disease in the future; including epidemiology, clinical features, and public health response and preparedness.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.136-142
• /
• 2015

대한소아감염학회는 2015년 우리나라에서 처음으로 중동호흡기증후군(Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, MERS, 메르스) 환자가 발생하여 보건의료 응급 상황 발생의 긴박했던 시기에 이에 대한 대처에 참여하였다. 우리 학회는 메르스 발생 시 학회 홈페이지에 관련 공고문을 즉시 게시하였고 소아청소년에서의 메르스 환자의 발생시 의심 환자의 검사와 진단 및 국민안심병원 운영을 위해 소아청소년 MERS (중동호흡기) 검사 지침, 국민안심병원 소아청소년과 운영지침을 발빠르게 배포하였다. 이는 메르스 의심환자에 대한 접근에서 소아청소년에서 흔한 호흡기 질환 환자들이 메르스로 오인되어 불필요한 공포, 검사 및 격리를 당하지 않도록 하기 위함이었다. 이를 통해 소아청소년 환자를 진료하는 의사들과 이들의 보호자들을 안심시켰고 결국 많은 심리적 공포와 의료 비용을 감소시켰으며 메르스 종식 시 돌이켜보니 이는 결국 적절한 조치와 가이드라인이었음이 증명되었다. 앞으로 대한소아감염학회와 회원이 유관기관과 긴밀한 협조와 소통을 할 수 있는 체계 시스템을 구축해야 하며 상급의료기관의 소아청소년 감염전문의 필수 상주 및 이에 의한 감염관리료 제도 장착과 수가 신설 및 개선을 유도하는 등의 추진이 필요하다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제51권12호
• /
• pp.1275-1281
• /
• 2008

National Immunization Program (NIP) in korea is regulated by government for effective prevention of infectious diseases since 1954. But the program is only performed in public health center, so many people had various complaints such as inconvenience to use public center, high cost when vaccinated in private medical organization and lack of speciality and registration etc. In this reason, it was very difficult to raise the vaccination rate to 95 percent, infectious disease preventable rate. With this background national assembly and government try to expand the NIP coverage both public health center and private medical organization with increasing budget from 2009. So in this paper an overview and preparation of Korean pediatrician according to the expanding plan of NIP are described.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.411-418
• /
• 1992

Recently, onset of bacterial disease, especially infiltration of chronic respiratory diseases have been increasing at high rate. The main cause of these diseases are originated from inappropriate sanitary management and slow progress in introducing system and herd free system, which are the base of productivity improvement in bigger pig management, Methods for the prevention and removal of these diseases, are divided into four categories. The first category includes prevention and removal of infectious diseases by organizing strict animal quarantine, enforcing vaccination, and legal regulation and disposal at the time of outbreak. The second category includes improvement of production systems. This purpose can be achieved by discontinuing the open herd system, which brings on the invasion of foreign pathogens and replacing the system by the closed type of farm. To Continue eradication process step-wisely by performing the all-in all-out system at every pig pen or herd level is also effective for this purpose. The third category includes introduction of herd free system can be achieved by repopulating conventional pigs with SPF pigs. If these means are unrealizable from economic or technical viewpoint, medicated early weaning system is perfomed. This system consists of disinfection of pigsty at pre-postpartum stage, application of drugs to pregnant sows and newborn piglets in accordance with the medication program, and early weaning and rearing of newborn piglets in isolation. The fourth category is sanital leading by veterinarians, aimed to eliminating incentives for diseases through diagnoses. Their main activities include periodical monitoring and improvement leading on each responsible subject.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.102-115
• /
• 2015

Objectives: A learning organization was designed and implemented on the basis of the selection criteria and essential elements of knowledge translation theory. Methods: The learning organization was designed on the basis of biosafety harmonization criteria and risk management strategy and was implemented as the learning organization for biosafety management by the National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. The effect of knowledge translation in the research institutions by evidence-based policy was verified. Results: The result of applying the knowledge translation theory involving all stakeholders showed a positive reaction in establishing and implementing biosafety management strategy and embodied risk assessment criteria and evoked sympathy with the necessity of learning and using of expert knowledge about risk assessment and risk management. All stakeholders initiated voluntarily action toward new human-network construction and communication between similar organizations. The learning organization's capability expanded the base of knowledge translation. Conclusion: These results showed that a learning organization could enhance the autonomous safety management system by diffusion of knowledge translation.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제58권10호
• /
• pp.615-626
• /
• 2020

The outbreak of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has spread worldwide and resulted in a pandemic for health systems. The disease is transmitted via respiration as droplets or aerosol. Due to the nature of dental treatment, aerosols, including body fluid, blood, and saliva, are frequently produced in dental hospitals. The present study investigated the potential risk of nosocomial infection of COVID-19 in dental hospitals to provide recommendations in clinical situations. The Seoul National University Dental Hospital in Korea established a countermeasure to cope with the clinical situation based on The Guidelines of Korean Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (KCDC) for dental practitioners and the available literature. Notably, numerous considerations for patient reservation and schedule management are required for space separation in the hospital, including infection control. Experiences in dental hospitals in Korea would be referable for other dental hospitals facing this infectious respiratory disease.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제48권6호
• /
• pp.265-270
• /
• 2015

The recent Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak has originated from a failure in the national quarantine system in the Republic of Korea as most basic role of protecting the safety and lives of its citizens. Furthermore, a number of the Korean healthcare system's weaknesses seem to have been completely exposed. The MERS-CoV outbreak can be considered a typical public health crisis in that the public was not only greatly terrorized by the actual fear of the disease, but also experienced a great impact to their daily lives, all in a short period of time. Preparedness for and an appropriate response to a public health crisis require comprehensive systematic public healthcare measures to address risks comprehensively with an all-hazards approach. Consequently, discussion regarding establishment of post-MERS-CoV improvement measures must focus on the total reform of the national quarantine system and strengthening of the public health infrastructure. In addition, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention must implement specific strategies of action including taking on the role of "control tower" in a public health emergency, training of Field Epidemic Intelligence Service officers, establishment of collaborative governance between central and local governments for infection prevention and control, strengthening the roles and capabilities of community-based public hospitals, and development of nationwide crisis communication methods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권12호
• /
• pp.6169-6173
• /
• 2012

Infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of common sexually transmitted diseases leading to cervical cancer. Evaluation of parental knowledge and attitudes toward HPV were aims of present study to provide an appropriate method to decrease burden of this infection on society. During this study, 358 parents were assessed for knowledge about HPV and its related disorders. Some 76% of parents had no information about HPV infection and among the informed parents 36% had obtained their information via internet and others from studying medical resources. The average score of mothers information about HPV infection was higher than that of fathers, and also educational level and age had significant impact on knowledge of parents about HPV. Parent knowledge about the hazards of HPV was higher than their knowledge about modes of transmission. Lack of awareness about HPV infection was high in this study, underlining the urgency of education among all adult people in our society.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.574-580
• /
• 1998

Anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases in the worldwide. To control and prevent the disease effectively, several methods such as development of a fast and specific diagnostic method and vaccine, education etc, have been carried out. However, it still has a problem in the control and prevention. To control, the most important method is the prevention of direct or indirect contact of the causative agent with susceptible host. Therefore, we developed a fast and specific detection method, polymerase chain reaction, of B anthracis from soil and infected animals because the organism could survive long time in the environment including soil due to formation of spore. With the method, virulence genes of B anthracis were successfully amplified from experimentally infected soil and mice. Up to $4.2{\times}10$ of the organisms per gram could be detected with the PCR method from experimentally infected soil. These results suggested that this PCR method could be effectively used not only to detect B anthracis in soil and infected animal but also to provide the information to prevent the disease.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.368-375
• /
• 2017

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the main cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea that can cause colitis or even death. The medical-treatment cost and deaths caused by CDI are increasing annually worldwide. New approaches for prevention and treatment of these infections are needed, such as the use of probiotics. Probiotics, including Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus, are microorganisms that confer a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts. The effect of Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 on infectious disease caused by C. difficile 027 was investigated in a mouse model. The survival rates for mice given the pathogen alone, and with live cells, or dead cells of B. longum were 40, 70, and 60%, respectively. In addition, the intestinal tissues of the B. longum-treated group maintained structural integrity with some degree of damage. These findings suggested that B. longum ATCC 15707 has a function in repressing the infectious disease caused by C. difficile 027.