• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.1581-1595
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• 2010

This paper investigates the regional characteristics of street fashion in China. Yanji, Beijing, Shanghai were chosen as three different cities in terms of location, weather, population, and industrial structure. A total of 592 pictures were collected through an internet and fashion magazine search for street fashion in Beijing and Shanghai in addition photos were taken for those in Yanji. Pictures of each city were classified into groups based on overall images covering top, bottom, and accessories to identify the characteristics of style in each group. The classification process included 2 stages. In the first stage, it produced 2 groups: formal and casual. The second stage divided formal into business formal and retro formal; casual was divided into II sub-groups that were easy, sporty, feminine, sexy, ethnic, girlish, nippon, trendy, bulky, military, and mixed. Easy casual showed the highest frequency for 3 cities and military style showed the lowest. Shanghai showed higher frequency in sporty, trendy, and military style than other cities. Each style exposed the similarities and differences in the cities that reflected different regional characteristics.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 2016

Vietnam's sea-port industry has experienced a significant development in recent years. Especially in Northern Vietnam, both the demand and supply of handling services for containerized cargoes have increased at a considerable rates. Accompany with such movement, the competition among container terminals in the area becomes fiercer. In this paper, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis is employed to classify all 11 container terminals in Northern Vietnam by collecting data concerning terminal competitiveness. After the classification, each group will be discussed in order to reveal more details about their competitive characteristics. The paper consists of five sections. Section 1 is the general introduction. Section 2 provides a general literature review about competitiveness and factors to evaluate competitiveness. Section 3 explains variables and methodology applied to do the analysis. Section 4 presents the results with linkage to the current condition. Section 5 summarizes the analysis results. It is shown that container terminals in Northern Vietnam should not only pay attention to their service qualities but also have to find out an appropriate mechanism to avoid unhealthy competition. The paper is expected to contribute a background for further researches in container terminals' competition in the region as well as hints for operators in planning and making decisions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.23 no.2_2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2020

In Korea, due to the rapid increase in population due to industrialization, rivers were developed and managed with a focus on the completion and dimension of rivers. Due to the rapid increase in river use, there are so many river facilities indiscriminately that the administrative and management tasks are complicated and diversified in computerizing facilities and hydrologic data. Many methods have been proposed to solve this problem, but many problems exist. Among them, water has the same spectral characteristics, so it is difficult to subdivide into rivers, reservoirs, and dams. Therefore, this study subdivided the water system using supervised classification and GIS in order to efficiently manage the water resources by classifying the water system with the same spectral characteristics. In order to analyze the accuracy of the results, the accuracy of the objects classified using land cover map provided by environmental spatial information service was evaluated, and the result was an average of 91.75%, with 97.50% of rivers, 87.76% of reservoirs, and 90.00% of others.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.51-63
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• 2016

In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of R&D investment efficiency and operational efficiency of IT firms using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). We categorized thirteen sample firms into two groups-IT manufacturing and IT service-after an extensive literature review on IT industry classification. We adopted an output-oriented two-stage DEA model suggested by Banker et al. (1984) with total asset and R&D investment as input variables. Then, we constructed investment efficiency and operational efficiency by using Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Asset (ROA) as intervening variables and operating income and Earnings Per Share (EPS) as output variables. The outcome of the analysis is summarized as follows. First of all, IT manufacturing firms were more efficient (57% on average) than IT service firms. To be specific, IT service firms showed decreasing returns to scale (DRS) with diseconomy of scale. In contrast, IT service firms showed higher operational efficiency (81.5% on average) than IT manufacturing firms. Also, we conducted a Mann-Whitney U test to compare the output of IT service firms and IT manufacturing firms. Lastly, we found a negative correlation ($R^2$ = -.754) between R&D investment efficiency and operational efficiency which infers the trade-off between two constructs

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.61-67
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• 2010

Though "Zero Accident Campaign" is a desirable campaign for industrial accident prevention and reducing victims, the number of industrial enterprises has been decreasing abruptly in recent years. One of the reasons for this phenomenon may be attributed to irrationality of 'target accident-free time periods' established by related organizations. This study was carried out to develop a new rational scheme for the campaign. Therefore, for a numerical basis, Poisson process was introduced, and problems induced by current target periods were analyzed mathematically one by one. As a result, it was verified that current target periods were uneven since the probability that manufacturing plants get them would be different form industry to industry. To develop countermeasures, a brand new method were suggested in this research. The first characteristic was that group classification should be based upon average accident rates resulted from past several years, and the second was that adjustment probability which can make the target acquisition probability even. About the suggested method, a questionnaire survey was conducted. To make a conclusion, most manufacturing plants agreed with the suggested method such high affirmative portion that the suggested method would be expected to help promote the campaign again.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.988-998
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• 1999

This paper is to investigate the method of reducing the number of fuzzy rules with the help of LVQ. a large number of training patterns usually leads to a large set of fuzzy rules that require a large computer memory and take a long time to perform classification. so, in order to solve these problems, it is necessary to study to minimize the number of fuzzy rules. However, so as to minimize the performance degradation resulting from the reduction of fuzzy rules, fuzzy rules are generated after training the high-quality initial reference pattern. Through the simulation, we confirm that the proposed method is very effective.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.90-92
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• 2005

This paper addresses the analysis of interruption costs and the studies made through the direct interview with Korean Industrial customers for the period of two years. It is conducted to evaluate the direct and short duration interruption costs resulting from local random electrical supply interruptions. The cost is evaluated by providing a designed questionnaire focused on the experience or the preparative actions which consumers predicted they would take. In the first phase, authors made a survey on all types of industry with 176 industrial customers and evaluated them as per standard industry classification (SIC). In that case, the evaluation data obtained are not so reasonable, because the number of sampled industries was small and the sampled industries were surveyed by being divided into 18 types. So, in the second phase the authors concentrated on only 4 types of 302 industries who have many and large sensitive loads to the short duration interruption.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.28-39
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• 2009

In this treatise, a survey was conducted on American female consumers to confirm the possibility of segmenting the American cosmetic industry by classifying lifestyles and analysing differences in consumer behavior, and also to provide global marketing strategy for entry into the American cosmetics industry by Korean companies. The results of the analysis provided three categories of American female consumer lifestyles. The first is the "practical conservative" type(58 people) who are fairly indifferent to or uninterested in external changes. The second is the "pro-active sensitive" type(48 people) who are interested in external changes and want to live a leading life. The last is the "neutral economical" type(54 people) who resemble characteristics that are in between the previous two types. The study has showed there was a difference in consumer motivation, considerations during selection, factors associated with shop choice according to consumer classification. It provides evidence that lifestyles can be a criteria in segmenting the American cosmetics market.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.83-98
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• 2007

This study focused on online game security, which has been considered relatively insignificant when compared to the online game industry's rapid growth. In this study, the state of security incidents in the Korean game industry and security solutions for such cases were examined. At first the security incidents were classified according to the type of game security infringement. Based upon this classification, this study analyzed the causes that give rise to infringement of online game security, and developed technical solutions for such cases. Finally, this study verified whether or not these technical solutions could be applied to online game sites.

• Plant Resources
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.153-156
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• 2001

Today information is important for man and total fields. Science field is not exception. Currently information age things of information is only useful for man and total industry. So bioinformation is necessary of biodiversity in broadly wide and detailed information. Among information, bioinformation of biodiversity is important and utilization of living things. Among them, the mushroom(higher fungi) are an important part in ecosystem as a decomposer responsible for recycling materials. Many living things today, however, have endangered by environmental pollution and ecological destruction. The higher fungi also are not exception. Mushroom has been used for food sources, pharmacy and forests resources from ancient times. Among biodiversity, database of mushroom is very necessary for university, institute and industry. This DB contains four items of native mushroom(higher fungi) from Korea. first item contain species, genus, family, order class, ad division according to the classification. Second item contain pharmaceutical purpose, food source, culture, toxic, anti-cancer of the application. Third item contain symbiosis, rotten trees of the ecological resources. Fourth item contain geographical distribution and illustrated literature. Information system is also available using KRISTAL II for searches on the WEB in URL http://ruby. kisti. re. kr/∼mushroom.