• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Recently many researches have focused on indoor navigation system. An optimal indoor navigation method can help people to find a path in large and complex buildings easily. However, some indoor navigation algorithms only calculate approximate routes based on spatial topology analysis, while others only use indoor road networks. However, both of them use only one of the spatial topology or network information. In this paper, we present a navigation method based on topology analysis and room internal networks for indoor navigation path. FT-Indoornavi (Flexible Topology Analysis Indoornavi) calculate internal routes based on spatial topology and internal path networks to support length-dependent and running-time optimal routing, which adapt to complex indoor environment and can achieve a better performance in comparison of Elastic algorithm and iNav.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.2191-2198
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• 2013

This paper proposes a RFID cell planning scheme for indoor location-awareness. We theoretically develop four objective functions that yield objective goals significant to the optimal design of a RFID cell topology and simulation is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed RFID cell planning scheme. We also evaluate the performance of the proposed technique after practically installing RFID readers in an indoor space to configure a RFID cell topology. Performance evaluations are conducted in terms of the following objective goals: minimal number of RFID readers for configuring a RFID cell topology, maximal RFID cell coverage areas for indoor location-awareness, minimal overlapping cells, and maximal indoor location-awareness accuracy.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Indoor space is a new horizon of spatial information services. With recent progress of indoor positioning technologies and mobile devices such as smart phones, indoor spatial information services become available and an emerging market. Accordingly, exchanging and sharing indoor spatial information between independent services become an important issue. For this reason, a standardization working group, called IndoorGML has been launched last year in OGC with the aim of publishing IndoorGML standard by September, 2013. Its primary goal is to provide a framework for representing network topology in indoor space, which is a fundamental element of indoor LBS. In this paper, we will explain the basic concepts of indoorGML and discuss the modeling issues. And several application use-cases of IndoorGML will be also presented in this paper.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.153.5-153
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• 2001

This paper presents a simple modeling system that constructs 3D models from an indoor cylindrical environment map using all of the available geometry of the interior structure such as vertical and horizontal lines and parallel and perpendicular planes. The indoor scene abstract model is created through this system and the navigation through the process of 3D reconstruction. This system first automatically detects the vanishing points in a cylindrical environment map from parallel lines and planes, and determines the indoor scene topology previously defined using this information. The determined topology enables he user intervention UI simply construct a 3D model by using the photogrammetry. The modeling system can be ...

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.41-48
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• 2008

Currently used 3D models, which are mostly focused on visualization of 3D objects and lack topological structure, have limitation in being used for 3D spatial analyses and applications. However, implementing a full topology for the indoor spatial objects is less practical due to the increase of complexity and computation time. This study suggests an alternative method to build a 3D indoor model with less complexity using a spatial DBMS. Storing spatial and nonspatial information of indoor spaces in DB tables enables faster queries, computation and analyses. Also it is possible to display them in 2D or 3D using the queried information. This study suggests a 2D-3D hybrid data model, which combines the 2D topology constructed from CAD floor plans and stored in a spatial DBMS and the 3D visualization functionality. This study showed the process to build the proposed model in a spatial DBMS and use spatial functions and queries to visualize in 2D and 3D. And, then, as an example application, it illustrated the process to build an indoor evacuation simulator.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.472-482
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• 2013

This paper proposes a wireless LAN topology configuration method for enhancing indoor location-awareness and improving network performance simultaneously. We first develop four objective functions that yield objective goals significant to the optimal design of a wireless LAN topology in terms of location-awareness accuracy and network performance factors. Then, we develop metaheuristic algorithms such as simulated annealing, tabu search, and genetic algorithm that examine the proposed objective functions and generate a near-optimal solution for a given objective function. Finally, four objective functions and metaheuristic algorithms developed in this paper are exploited to evaluate and measure the performance of the proposed wireless LAN topology configuration method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.329-338
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• 2016

As the need of indoor spatial information has grown, many applications have been developed. Nevertheless, the major representations of indoor spatial information are on the 2D or 3D, recently, the service based on omni-directional image has increased. Current service based on omni-directional image is used just for viewer. To provide various applications which can serve the identifying the attribute of indoor space, query based services and so on, topological data which can define the spatial relationships between spaces is required. For developing diverse applications based on omni-directional image, this study proposes the method to generate IndoorGML data which is the international standard of indoor topological data model. The proposed method is consist of 3 step to generate IndoorGML data; 1) Analysis the core elements to adopt IndoorGML concept to image, 2) Propose the method to identify the element of ‘Space’ which is the core element of IndoorGML concept, 3) Define the connectivity of indoor spaces. The proposed method is implemented at the 6-floor of 21centurybuilding of the University of Seoul to generate IndoorGML data and the demo service is implemented based on the generated data. This study has the significance to propose a method to generate the indoor topological data for the indoor spatial information services based on the IndoorGML.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.207-215
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• 2013

Due to an increase in the number of large-scale and high rise buildings, the importance of indoor location information has been highlighted. As a result, seamless three-dimensional space information, linked to various indoor and outdoor services is required. The purpose of this study is to develop a system which can edit and operate indoor space information using the IndoorGML(Geography Markup Language). It provides functions such as converting and editing authoring indoor space using the IndoorGML. Based on defined schema which is the IndoorGML international standardization work, we develop the "Editor" and "Viewer" for the IndoorGML. When indoor space is modeled in an authoring tool, a variety of topologies can be created automatically. These are available to be edited and modified. Moreover, the file of model can be saved as IndoorGML, SBM and KML file. These files are viewed by the "Viewer". Indoor LBS(Location Based Service)is served with these principles.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.31-38
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• 2009

Most 3D models found in the literature focus on theoretical topology for exterior 3D volumes. Although there are a few indoor models such as CityGML or IFC, implementing a full topology for the indoor spaces is either less practical due to the complexity or not even necessary in some application domains. Moreover, current spatial DBMSs do not support functionalities explicitly for 3D topological relations. In this study, an alternative method to build a 3D indoor model with less complexity ernativespatial DBMS is suggested. Focusnation the fact that semantic attributes can be storedion the floor surface, we suggestivemulti-layered 3D model for indoor spaces. We show the process to build the proposed model in the PostGIS, a spatial DBMS. And, then, as an example application, we illustrate the process to build and run a campus building information system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.499-505
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• 2018

Most of 3D indoor spatial data recently constructed by many projects merely focus on the visualization rather than geospatial information applications. The 3D indoor data for visualization in 3DS or COLLADA format are based on triangular mesh representation. In order to implement meaningful applications, we need however more meaningful information in 3D indoor spatial data than visualization data in triangular meshes. For this reason, an OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) standard, called IndoorGML(Indoor Geographic Markup Language) was published to meet the requirements on 3D indoor spatial data for several geospatial applications for indoor space more than simple visualization. It means that it becomes a critical functional requirement to convert triangular mesh representation in 3DS or COLLADA to IndoorGML. In this paper we propose a framework of the conversion, which consists of geometric, topological, and semantic construction of data from triangular meshes. An experiment carried out to validate the proposed framework is also presented in the paper.