• 폴리머
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.397-401
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 티타니아 솔로 폴리프로필렌 필터를 코팅하여, 이 필터의 탈취 효율 및 살균특성을 그람음성균 Escherichia coli(ATCC 25922)와 그람양성균 Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 6538)를 이용하여 연구하였다. 티타니아 솔로 코팅된 폴리프로필렌 필터의 경우. 실내 공기 오염의 원인이 되는 암모니아, 트리메틸아민 및 아세트산의 탈취율은 각각 65%, 90% 및 15%이었다. 또한 그람음성균 Escherichia coli(ATCC 25922)와 그람양성균 Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 6538)에 대한 살균율은 24시간 후 99.9%이었다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.74-75
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• 2021

In the recent 2017 annual average fine dust concentration (PM2.5) statistics released by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Korea has a high concentration of 25.14㎍/m3, which is about twice the average of 12.5㎍/m3 in OECD countries. Fine dust (PM2.5) is the main source of secondary pollutant production by the reaction of primary pollutants emitted from automobiles and thermal power plants, mainly composed of sulfates, nitrates, and organic carbon. The permeable block is an eco-friendly product that prevents rainwater from collecting on the surface of the road because it does not penetrate the groundwater properly, and is widely constructed on sidewalks or parking lots to recharge groundwater in case of rain. In addition, the pavement of the permeable block is a fundamental solution to reduce pollution by preventing rainwater from flowing into the stream, and it also has the advantage of easy replacement as well as low replacement costs. Therefore, this study was a basic experiment to produce permeable blocks mixed with TiO2 and diatomite to improve indoor air quality, and intended to analyze the flexural strength and compressive strength of permeable blocks mixed with TiO2.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2005년도 국제학술대회
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• pp.289-292
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• 2005

An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, in favor of oxidants leading to oxidative stress, is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Isoprostanes are structurally stable isomers of the conventional enzymatically derived prostaglandins, which are produced in vivo primarily by a free radical catalyzed peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In asthmatics, disease severity can occur from environmental exposure to air pollution. Some surveys suggested that air pollutants, especially diesel-exhaust particulates, could trigger allergic sensitization and development of atopic diseases. Sick house syndrome (SHS) presents healthy damage owing to the indoor environment of a building. The aim of this study was to examine isoprostane as a parameter fur oxidative stress in environments related diseases such as sick house syndrome, atopy and asthma. We measured plasma and urinary levels of isoprostane from health volunteers, sick house syndrome, atopy and asthma patients. Plasma isoprostane concentrations in asthma and sick house syndrome group were significantly higher than in control. Urinary isoprostane levels were significantly higher in volunteers with sick house syndrome and asthma compared with health volunteers. These findings suggest that plasma and urinary isoprostane measurement may have useful clinical implications for investigating sick house syndrome and asthma. The interventions that decrease exposure to environmental reactive oxygen species might be beneficial in these diseases.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2005

This study was carried out to evaluate the temporal, spatial, and seasonal variations of VOC, and to characterize the VOC concentrations in two large industrial complexes located in Pohang and Gumi cities. Twenty -four hours continuous sampling of selected VOC was made with STS 25 sequential tube samplers and double-bed adsorbent tubes. Air samples were collected every three hour interval for 7 consecutive days in each site during summer and winter. VOC were determined by thermal desorption coupled with GC/MS. A total of 27 VOCs of environmental concern were determined, including aliphatic, aromatic and halides. Generally. concentrations of toxic VOC were higher in Gumi than Pohang, and VOC levels in industrial areas were typically several-fold higher than those in residential areas. The most abundant VOC appeared to be toluene for both cities. However, chlorinated VOC were higher in Gumi than Pohang, while aromatic VOC were more abundant in Pohang than in Gumi. Two cities showed relatively different variations of VOC concentrations within a day. It is likely that traffic related sources are major factors affecting the VOC in Pohang, and industrial solvents usages are important sources in Gumi. These results imply that the occurrence and levels of atmospheric VOC are strongly dependent on the type of industries in each city. Therefore, in order to develop any control strategies or to establish the priority rankings for VOC in large industrial complexes, the type of industries and the occurrence of VOC in the atmosphere should be taken into consideration.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1263-1271
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• 2013

Graphene oxide (GO)-titania composites have emerged as an attractive heterogeneous photocatalyst that can enhance the photocatalytic activity of $TiO_2$ nanoparticles owing to their potential interaction of electronic and adsorption natures. Accordingly, $TiO_2$-GO mixtures were synthesized in this study using a simple chemical mixing process, and their heterogeneous photocatalytic activities were investigated to determine the degradation of airborne organic pollutants (benzene, ethyl benzene, and o-xylene (BEX)) under different operational conditions. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results demonstrated the presence of GO for the $TiO_2$-GO composites. The average efficiencies of the $TiO_2$-GO mixtures for the decomposition of each component of BEX determined during the 3-h photocatalytic processes were 26%, 92%, and 96%, respectively, whereas the average efficiencies of the unmodified $TiO_2$ powder were 3%, 8%, and 10%, respectively. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency of the unmodified $TiO_2$ powder for all target compounds decreased during the 3-h photocatalytic processes, suggesting a potential deactivation even during such a short time period. Two operational conditions (air flow entering into the air-cleaning devices and the indoor pollution levels) were found to be important factors for the photocatalytic decomposition of BEX molecules. Taken together, these results show that a $TiO_2$-GO mixture can be applied effectively for the purification of airborne organic pollutants when the operating conditions are optimized.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2008

In China, energy and environmental problems are becoming serious owing to rapid economic development. Coal is the most problematic energy source because it causes indoor and outdoor air pollution, acid rain, and global warming. One type of clean coal technology that has been developed is the coal-biomass briquette (or bio-briquette, BB) technique. BBs, which are produced from pulverized coal, biomass (typically, agricultural waste), and a sulfur fixation agent (slaked lime, $Ca(OH)_2$) under high pressure without any binder, have a high sulfur-fixation effect. In addition, BB combustion ash, that is, the waste material, can be used as a neutralization agent for acidic soil because of its high alkalinity, which originates from the added slaked lime. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of alternative biomass sources, namely, aquatic plants, as a BB constituent from the perspective of their use as a source of energy. We selected three types of aquatic plants for use in BB preparation and compared the fuel, handling, and environmental characteristics of the new BBs with those of conventional BBs. Our results showed that air-dried aquatic plants had a higher calorific value, which was in proportion to their carbon content, than agricultural waste biomass; the compressive strength of the new BBs, which depends on the lignin content of the biomass, was high enough to bear long-range intracontinental transport in China; and the new BBs had the same emission control capacity as the conventional BBs.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2022

As many studies on the harmfulness of fine dust have been reported, awareness of its seriousness is spreading. Recently, interest in indoor air quality as well as air pollution is increasing, and research on measures to block fine dust flowing into the room from the outside is being conducted. The clothing company is launching functional clothing to prevent fine dust attached to clothing from entering the room through outdoor activities. However, it is difficult to confirm whether there is actually fine-dust blocking performance, and there is no evaluation standard. In this study, the contamination rate caused by fine dust was quantitatively compared through image processing after contamination of the outer fabric for 4 types of commercially available functional clothing with fine-dust blocking effect. The difference in particle contamination according to the material of the outer fabric was analyzed by comparing the surface resistance, and it was found that the higher the surface resistance of the outer fabric material, the more fine dust was attached. The analysis method of this study is expected to be able to quantitatively compare and evaluate the fine-dust blocking performance of functional clothing.

• 감성과학
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2022

대기오염 등의 영향으로 실내 활동 시간이 증가하는 상황에서 뇌기능과 신체활동 측면에서 보다 건강한 실내 생활을 위한 다양한 방안에 대한 고려가 절실한 실정이다. 본 연구는 실내 산소의 농도와 호흡의 방법에 따라 인지능력과 생체신호에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대해 연구하여 보다 건강한 실내 일상생활을 제안하고자 한다. 건강한 성인 20명을 대상으로 공기 전달 시스템을 통해 공급된 공기를 산소마스크를 통해 흡입하도록 하였다. 호흡 방법과 산소농도에 따른 변화를 확인하기 위해 모든 피험자는 3가지 호흡(비강, 구강, 및 고농도 산소공급과 함께 구강 호흡)을 인지부하자극(눈 감은 휴식기, 눈 뜬 휴식기, 1-back 및 2-back 작업기억 과제) 별로 각각 수행하였다. 자극에 대한 반응시간, 정확도 및 생체신호를 측정하여 호흡에 따른 인지부하별 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 3가지 호흡에서 모두 인지부하의 증가에 따라 심박동수는 유의하게 증가하면서 인지부하와 높은 상관성이 있는 생체신호임을 확인하였다. 또한 구강호흡에서는 분당 호흡 횟수가 인지부하증가에 따라 유의하게 증가하는 변화가 나타났으며, 인지활동 시 구강호흡에서 부족한 산소공급을 보완하기 위한 생체신호의 변화를 확인하게 되었다. 반면 고농도 산소공급과 함께 수행한 구강호흡에서는 비강호흡과 같이 분당 호흡 횟수의 유의한 변화는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 고농도 산소공급이 구강호흡과 같이 비효율적인 산소 흡입이나 산소 농도가 부족한 환경에서 이를 보완해 주는 역할을 할 가능성이 있음을 시사한다. 본 연구 결과를 기반으로 후속 연구에서는 자율신경계 변화까지 분석하여 인지 뿐만 아니라 심리에 미치는 영향까지 종합적으로 규명하고자 한다.

• 공업화학
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.613-618
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• 2023

현대 사회는 일상생활 중 80% 이상을 실내에서 생활하고, 생활수준의 향상으로 실내오염물질 노출에 대한 유의가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 실내오염물질 중 하나인 포름알데히드(HCHO)를 별도의 빛 또는 열 없이 상온에서 제거할 수 있는 액상환원법 기반 Pt/TiO₂ 촉매의 성능 및 반응 특성을 조사하였다. 활성실험을 통해, 동일한 방법으로 제조된 촉매라도 TiO₂ 종류에 따라 약 40~80%의 서로 다른 활성을 나타냄을 확인하였다. XRD, BET, XPS 분석을 통해 지지체의 입사 사이즈, 결정구조, 비표면적 및 O/Ti molar ratio를 조사하였고, 지지체 자체의 물성과 성능 간 상관성은 미미함을 확인하였다. HCHO 산화 반응 경로를 조사하기 위해 일산화탄소를 활용한 In situ DRIFT 분석과 H₂-TPR을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 촉매의 성능이 활성금속의 산화상태 및 흡착종의 흡탈착 특성에 지배받음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.249-258
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• 2015

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the correlations between the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and cytokines among elementary school children in an industrial city, Ulsan, South Korea, and to identify major environmental risk factors associated with AR prevalence. Methods: We conducted a case-control study in June 2009 and February 2010 in order to evaluate the relationship between AR and related cytokines. Data on physician-treated prevalence over the past 12 months and potential risk factors for AR were compiled through a questionnaire from a survey of 339 schoolchildren living in different urban environments. Logistic regression analysis was carried out with propensity score matched data (n=180) to assess the influences of cytokines (IL-13, IL-33, IL-4 and IL-5) on AR prevalence and to determine which environmental factors affected AR. Results: In univariate analysis, the AR prevalence was influenced by family history of AR (mother and siblings), environmental factors (odor condition and irritated symptoms of air pollution), and indoor allergens (D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus). The t-test demonstrated that eosinophils, Immunoglobulin E (IgE), and interleukins (IL-13 and IL-5) were statistically significantly different according to treatment of allergic rhinitis over the preceeding 12 months. The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a statistically significant association between several factors (such as irritated symptoms of air pollution (OR 4.075, CI 1.735-9.568), IL-13 (OR 0.825, CI 0.734-0.928), odor condition (OR 2.409, CI 0.908-6.389), and AR history of siblings (OR 2.217, CI 0.999-4.921)) and the prevalence of AR was found after adjusting for confounders. Conclusion: These results suggest that AR prevalence is significantly associated with cytokine level, genetic background, and outdoor environmental factors. Although living in a polluted area and genetic background can contribute to an increased risk of childhood AR, cytokine level should be considered as an important factor in the treatment of AR in the last 12 months.