• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.949-958
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• 2000

Antimicrobial effects of 150 kinds of Korean and 82 kinds of Indonesian plants were investigated to develope natural food preservatives. Extracts of the plants with 70% ethanol were tested their antimicrobial effects against several food spoilage microorganisms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Seventeen kinds of Korean and eighteen kinds of Indonesian plants were found relatively effective, of which Myristica fragrans and Melaleuca leucadendra were the most effective, respectively. The major fractions of the two plant extracts showing antimicrobial activity were further purified by solvent fractionation, silicagel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The purified substances were identified as limonene and caprylic acid in M. fragrans, and ${\alpha}-terpineol$ in M. leucadendra, respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.165-169
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• 2002

One-hundred and twenty plant extracts were prepared from 29 Indonesian plants and were primarily tested in vitro cytotoxicity in cultured human lung (A549), colon (Col2), and stomach (SNU-638) cancer cells. As a result, the 23 extracts were found to be active in the criteria of $ED_{50}$<$20\;{\mu}g/ml$. Remarkable cytotoxicity was observed for chloroform and n-butanol extracts of Calotropis gigantea, with $ED_{50}$ values ranging from 0.25 to $0.46\;{\mu}g/ml$. Five extracts derived from Eclipta alba and Excoecaria cochinchinensis displayed potent cell-line selective cytotoxicity, while the rest of 15 extracts showed modest cytotoxic activity against all of three cancer cells. In addition, the cytotoxic potential of subfractions of Zingiber cassumunar against a panel of human cancer cell lines is presented.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.85-88
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• 2004

One hundred Indonesian plant extracts were screened to investigate their effects on the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity in human uterine sarcoma cells, MES-SA/DX5, for the first time. Among others, four samples, Alpinia galanga (BuOH ext.), Sindora sumatrana $(CHCl_3\;ext.)$, Strychnos ligustrina $(CHCl_3\;ext.)$, and Zingiber cassumunar Roxb (hexane ext.), exhibited the most potent inhibition on the P-gp activity. They increased cytotoxic activity of daunomycin up to $IC_{50}$ values of less than $1.41\;{\mu}M$, which is a value with a positive control, verapamil. Other 25 samples showed significant P-gp inhibitory activity with $IC_{50}$ values between 1.4 and $4.0\;{\mu}M$. These prospective samples will be subjected to further laboratory phytochemical investigation to find active principles.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.162-162
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• 1998

Various natural compounds act as antioxidants in protection against lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation yields a variety of decomposition products which have been implicated in not only decreasing the nutritional value of food, but also in developing an off-flavor and toxic substances. As a source of safer and more effective natural antioxidants of natural origin have been widely investigated. Some Indonesian plants have evaluated for their antioxidative activity, and suggested the possible existence of various antioxygenic compounds in them. We attempted to study such antioxygenic compounds with simple method evaluation. As we are interested in the natural product compounds, we examined of several sample such as edible sea-weeds, and some edible fruits. Sea-weed, Eisenia bicyclis, one of the edible brown algae, exhibited the activity. As a traditional food additive consumed by Indonesian, Garcinia parvifolia is used as taste supplement in region West Sumatra, have been studied. Our current studies on the semi-polar fractions shows the activity by the thiocyanate method test. Another sample, Garcinia mangostana, a famous fruit with sweet taste, the part kernel have also evaluated. The acidic fraction of the extract showed antioxidative activity. Some other active components were found in the neutral and BuOH fractions.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2021

The present study, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were measured of 6 endemic plants in Indonesian extracted by hot water or ethanol. The Nipa Fruticans Wurmb ethanol extract (NFWE) and Orthosiphon aristatus ethanol extract (OAE) showed the highest polyphenol and flavonoid contents of 203.70 and 33.70 ㎍/mg, respectively. Antioxidant activity of OAE was highest in DPPH radical scavenging activity (77.49% at 10 ㎍/mL) and ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activity (93.36% at 10 ㎍/mL). FRAP activity was significantly higher in NFWE than other extracts. Anti-inflammatory effects of 6 endemic plants in Indonesian extracted by hot water or ethanol were examined using nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assays. In the LPS-induced BV2 cells, OAE showed the highest inhibition of NO production without toxicity. The results of this study, suggest that OAE is a potential functional raw material for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.268-271
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• 2004

In order to examine their effects on the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity in human breast cancer cells, MCF-7/ADR, one hundred Indonesian plant extracts were screened. Among them, the five chloroform extracts of Calotropis gigantea, Curcuma aeruginosa, Merremia mammosa, Sindora sumatrana, and Zingiber cassumunar, showed the most potent P-gp inhibitory activity. When each of these extracts was treated together with the anticancer agent, daunomycin, they increased the cytotoxic activity of daunomycin up to $IC_{50}$ values of less than $6.62\;{\mu}M$, which is a value with a positive control, verapamil. Also, other 15 plant extracts exhibited significant P-gp inhibitory activity with $IC_{50}$ values between 6.62 and $13.20\;{\mu}M$. These prospective samples will be subjected to further laboratory phytochemical investigation to find active principles.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.8-22
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• 1988

Vincristine and vinblastine isolated from Vinco spp. , and podophyllotoxine derivatives isolated from Podophyllum spp. are usefulas anticancerous components obtaned from higher plants. More thanten antineoplastic compounds are now following them as anticancerousagents from higher plants. In my laboratory, Sarcoma 180A has beenused as the first screening test. By this method, I have found outsome kinds of antineoplastic constituents from active plants extracts .For instance, bisaborane type compounds were isolated from Curcumaxanthorrhiza, one of Indonesian plants; a morphinane type compoundfromCocculus trilobus; cyclic hexapeptides from Rubia akane and R.cordiorta. Seven components having antineoplastic actirity wereisolated from Rubia spp. except. R. tinctoria. Their structures wereelucidated except RA-Vl by chemical reaction and variovs instrumentalanalysis as shown in Fig. Among of them, RA-Vll showed strong activityagainst P388 Lymphocytic leukemia, L2O, B16 melanoma, Lewis lungcarcinoma, colon 38 and Ehrlich carcinoma. RA-V revealed excellentactivity against MM2 mammary carcinoma. The· value of acute LD5O ofRA-ViI were 10. Omg/kg( iP) and 16.5mg/kg( po ) respectiveIy . Therapruticratio was 400, compared with 10 of mitomycin C. QSAR was also appliedto these compounds by elongation of ether and ester side chains atR'. Mechanism of action of RA-Vll was also investigated and wasassumed to be inhibition of protein biosynthesis .

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 1993

To data, many types of compounds having antineoplastic activity have been isolated from higher plants, that is, alkalodids, terpenes, lignans, steroids and so on. Some of ther were isolated from Indonesian plants, Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Eurycoma longifolia. Bisaborane type compounds were compounds were isolated as antimeoplastic compounds againest Sarcoma 180A from C. xanthorrhiza, and quassinoids and euryrene type triterpenes from triterpenes from El longifolia. Casearines, a kind of diterpene, had been isolated as cytotxic components from Casearia sylvestris distributed in South America. RA series Cyclic hexapeptides isolated from Rubia akane and R. cordifolia also have strong antineoplastic activity against various types of tumors. Till now, 16 kinds of RA series compounds were isolated and named as RA-I~XVI. Moreover, monoglucoside of RA-V newly isolated from same plant. Many kinds of derivatives including natural RA compounds were tested for QSAR, and one of them, RA-VII was screened up as a most suitable substance as an antitumor agent. RA-VII(=RA 700) has strong cytotoxic activity against KB cells, P388 lymphocytic leukemia and MM2 mammary carcinoma cells. In some solution, three conformers of RA-VII were observed by NMR. It was discussed the relationship between conformation and activity. Total synthesis was already completed, but there is left room for improvement. Phase I clinical trials for RA-VII has been finished, then Phase II trials will be started before long.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2007

Mungbean plants generally have a relatively close canopy, thus a large amount of self-shading can reduce yield due to poor light penetration. Modification of leaflet type can affect leaf canopy and could alter seed yield. Two multiple leaflet mutants were obtained from gamma-ray irradiation and used to study the mode of inheritance related to leaflet types and to evaluate their agronomic features. The cross between large-heptafoliate leaflet with small-pentafoliate leaflet mutants produce all $F_1$ plants with normal trifoliate leaflets. The $F_2$ plants segregated in leaflet size and leaflet number into a 9:3:3:1 ratio of large-trifoliate: large-heptafoliate: small-pentafoliate: small-heptafoliate plants, suggesting that independent loci control leaflet size and leaflet number. Regarding leaflet number, the $F_2$ population can be classified into normal-trifoliate, small-pentafoliate, large-heptafoliate, and small-heptafoliate at the dihybrid ratio of 9:3:3:1. The gene symbols $N_1,n_1$ and $N_2,n_2$ are proposed to represent leaflet number. Since no plant was found with large-pentafoliate leaflets, we hypothesize that the $N_2$ allele expresses pleiotropic effect on both leaflet number and leaflet size. Another possibility is that an additional locus with S and s alleles controls leaflet size and S is tightly linked with $N_2$. The effect of multifoliate leaflet on yield and yield components was evaluated in four mungbean families each with four leaflet isolines under three environments. Averaging across the families and environments, the normal-trifoliate and large-heptafoliate lines gave higher yield than small pentafoliate and heptafoliate ones. These two large leaflet lines also had higher leaf area per plant than the other multifoliate lines. Therefore, the mungbean lines with a greater leaf area, which were likely to intercept more sunlight, gave greater yield. Three AFLP markers that were found to be linked to number of leaflets per leaf, corresponded to the N1 allele of the smallpentafoliate parent.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.199-214
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• 2020

The study investigates Atlas fabrics, the Ikat weaving method used by the Uygur People in Xinjiang, China. Based on domestic and foreign papers and other literature, different cultural characteristics of Ikat fabrics from various regions are compared. Following a theoretical investigation, characteristics of fabrics from the Indian Patola, Indonesian Ikat, Japanese Kasuri, and Uzbekistan Adras are summarized and compared with the characteristics of pattern, color, and manufacturing process of Atlas silk from Xinjiang China (also an Ikat fabric). The results are as follows. First, although the weaving process used for Ikat fabrics differs from country to country according to different national cultures, lifestyles, colors, patterns, and usage methods, they are all Ikat dyed fabrics. Therefore, they are all regarded as precious objects symbolizing a certain social status, and are used as a gift for special occasions, such as weddings. Second, the form of the pattern varies. Indian Patola has clear outlines and regular patterns, while the patterns of Japanese Kasuri are mainly inspired by folk life ideas. Indonesian Ikat contains influences from indigenous tribes, and Uzbekistan's and China's Atlas textiles are influenced by geography, religion, and national culture, including bright colors and pattern designs inspired by plants, musical instruments, and geometric figures. Finally, the patterns and colors of Xinjiang Atlas fabrics present strong ethnic characteristics. Unlike the Uzbekistan fabric which is mostly influenced by Islam, human and animal patterns would not feature in Xinjiang Atlas patterns, which mostly consist of long strips, repeated in a neat and orderly form.