• Korean Security Journal
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• no.50
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• pp.175-206
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• 2017

The current study described the history of Islamic extremism and the recent expansion of international Islamic extremism in Indonesia. For doing so, both content analysis of the existing written documents and qualitative interviews were conducted. For the content analysis, media reports and research articles were collected and utilized. For qualitative interviews, Indonesian students and workers in Korea, Korean spouses married to Indonesian, and Korean missionaries in Indonesia were contacted and interviewed. Qualitative interview was conducted between 30 minutes and 2 hours. On the spot, interviews were recorded and later transcribed into written documents. Due to the difficulty of identification of population and the uneasiness of accessability to th study subjects, convenient sampling and snowball sampling were used. According to the results, Islamic extremism in Indonesia had a deep historical root and generally shared similar historical experience with other muslim countries such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia where Islamic extremism was deeply rooted in. That is, Islamic extremism began as a reaction to the western imperialism, after independence, Islamic extremism elements were marginalized in the process of construction of the modern nation-state, and Islamic extremist movement was radicalized and became violent during the Soviet-Afghan War. In addition, after 9.11, Islamic extremism in Indonesia was connected to international Islamic extremism network and integrated into such global movement. Such a historical development of Indonesian Islamic extremism was quite organized and robust. Meanwhile, the eastward infiltration and expansion of international Islamic extremism such as IS and Al Qaeda was observed in Indonesia. Particularly, such a worrisome expansion was more clearly visible in the marginalized and underdeveloped countrysides in Indonesia. Such expansion in Indonesia could negatively affect on the security of South Korea. Geographically, Indonesia is proximate to South Korea. This geographical proximity could be a direct security threat to the Korean society, as if Islamic extremism in North Africa and Middle East becomes a direct security threat to Europe. Considering the presence of a large size of Indonesian immigrant workers and communities in South Korea, such a concern is very realistic. The arrest of an Indonesian Islamic extremism supporter in November, 2016, could be a harbinger of the coming trend of Islamic extremism expansion inside South Korea. The Indonesian Islamic community in South Korea could be a passage of Indonesian Islamic extremism into the South Korean society. In this context, it is timely and necessary to pay an attention to the recent trend of Islamic extremism expansion in Indonesia.

• International Journal of Safety
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2010

A big difference is seen in the perception of self-responsibility concerning safety, as a result of my survey on the safety measures taken in the pipeline construction at workers level between Japan and Indonesia. Specifically, when an accident occurs, a worker in Indonesia will think that the responsibility depends on the person who causes it. However a worker in Japan will think that safety is can only be protected by law and regulations. There is also another difference in the understanding of construction period. It is alright in Indonesia to take 5 times longer period than it takes in Japan if the cost is less. The idea of punctual delivery is very strong in Japan. Through this survey, points which construction industry in Japan could learn from Indonesia came to surface. In addition, over the recent years, several nasty accidents at Japanese sites were caused due to human error to disregard the law. Japanese should arouse the awareness of self-responsibility in this regard. Risk management should be upon self-recognition of each individual worker in both countries. What is important is the "work attitude education", "to grow sense of self-responsibility by thinking on one's own for one's self" in the education curriculum of man to man learning as in technical educational program.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2014

Cyberloafing is as counterproductive behavior because it is the act of using internet for personal purposes which can affect employees' productivity, especially when done excessively (more than 4 hours a week). The objective of this study was to analyze whether gender and education level had significant effect on cyberloafing among generations in the workplace. From 267 respondents, gender was not found to have impact on cyberloafing because female and male respondents had the same frequency of low level cyberloafing. However, female had higher excessive cyberloafing than male. Gen Y had significant impact on the relationship between education and cyberloafing but Gen Y with diploma degree was revealed to have excessive cyberloafing. Furthermore, Gen X had started combining professional and personal lives throughout their daily lives. Hence, organizations should foster a culture of hard work by giving challenging job with clear target and worthy incentive but still implementing internet usage policy.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.56-64
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• 2020

Recently, major manufacturers are focusing their efforts on securing global competitiveness through smart factory, but developing countries have many difficulties in applying smart factory due to financial and technical conditions. This study is a preliminary study on the development of an ICT-based power monitoring system applicable to developing countries. The questionnaire surveyed and analyzed workers' perceptions of smart factory in a garment manufacturing factory in developing countries, Indonesia. Before and after the installation of the power monitoring system, the survey was conducted for 126 local managers and workers, and the correlation was analyzed using SPSS. As a result of analysis, factory workers in developing countries such as Indonesia are also positively aware of the necessity of introducing smart factory technology, and it is expected that the introduction of these technologies will affect job satisfaction and improve the factory environment. In addition, the result of the survey conducted after the installation of the power monitoring system increased the job satisfaction score by 5.5% compared to before the installation, and the scores on the perception of the necessity of the power monitoring system and the positive effect of the application of the system on the factory environment were increased 13% and 5.9%, respectively. It was also confirmed that managers rather than workers and female rather than male showed positive perception for the introduction of smart factory technology. The result of this study is expected to be an important reference in the direction of development of appropriate smart factory technology applicable to developing countries and the introduction of smart factory by manufacturers operating factories in developing countries.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.377-392
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• 2020

COVID-19 is considered the worst pandemic of the beginning of the 21^st century. Among the ASEAN countries, Indonesia has the second highest number of active cases and is ranked 23^th in the world in active cases as of August 14, 2020. The number of people becoming infected in Indonesia continues to grow along with fear and panic conditions that have negative impacts on Indonesian society. Therefore, efforts to deal with the conditions should be made. This study aims to explore the experience of patients with COVID-19 experiences during the treatment process. This study used literature and video clip analysis of 14 cases. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The results were presented in the following five themes (i) experience of receiving a diagnosis (I am shocked, how could I get infected?, suggestive thinking between dead or alive, and uncertainty of the test result), (ii) boredom during isolation, (iii) being stigmatized and discriminated against, (iv) self-reflection with God, and (v) social support from family members and healthcare workers. This study serves as an input to increase the chances of the recovery of the patients with COVID-19.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.421-429
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• 2021

The aim of the study is to explore the impact of intellectual capital and knowledge management on public sector innovation and also role knowledge management as the mediator variable. The study applied a descriptive quantitative method and by using a simple random sampling approach to 200 civil workers in Indonesian government entities. The data was gathered using an online questionnaire technique and analyzed using the AMOS program for structural equation modeling (SEM). According to the findings of the research, intellectual capital has a substantial influence on knowledge management. As a result, intellectual capital and knowledge management have a significant impact on public sector innovation, with knowledge management serving as a mediator between intellectual capital and public sector innovation. Besides that, the findings of this study suggest that organizations can increase innovation by choosing the right intellectual capital and utilizing good knowledge management. This work addresses a vacuum in the literature on applying knowledge management in the public sector, and so adds substantially to the theoretical progress of the area. Moreover, this is the first study to test the mediating role of knowledge management in the relationship between intellectual capital and innovation in the public sector of a developed country.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.81-126
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• 2014

Localization of overseas Korean companies has been regarded as one of vital tasks or strategies for decades. However, labor relations have not been the main object of Korean academic researchers. In this paper, I attempt to analyze strategies of localization in labor relations adopted by overseas Korean companies through a qualitative case study of PT. Miwon Indonesia, which has run business successfully for 40 years with recently achieved industrial peace. The company minimized Korean staffs and maximized Indonesian staffs. It pays more than minimum wage, and observes labor law when using outsourcing workers. The managers of the company recognize their labor union as management partner and support union activities through paying bonus for the union head and travel allowances for solidarity gatherings. There is no discrimination between plural unions. Furthermore, collective bargaining is led by indigenous managers according to the musyawarah, a local principle of bargaining. Therefore, PT. Miwon Indonesia could be regarded as a forerunner of localization in labor management among Korean companies in Indonesia. Miwon's case will serve a useful reference when discussing localization of labor management strategies.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.5-10
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aims to explore the experience of cross-cultural communication adaptation between local and expatriate employees at PT. XX Organizational culture in the company is the most important factor to helpemployees in the company to work efficiently and effectively in order to achieve company goals. Research design, data and methodology: The analysis methods used in this research are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing a conclusion. From this collaboration, the cultural adaptations arouse due to the challenges for workers who have to work together with different cultural backgrounds. The method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection methods used is employee interviews at PT. XX with triangulation conducted on 2 expatriates and 2 local employees. Results: Studies show that successful management is highly dependent on employees adapting to local culture and work situations. This process rarely runs smoothly because the persons in intercultural interaction do not use the same language and the lack of adaptation.. Conclusions: . In order to maintain its existence, the company strives to expand its wings in the global market and establish partnerships to expand cooperation. PT. XX from South Korea cooperated with Krakatau Steel, a state-owned Indonesian company

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.133-164
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• 2018

What is the impact of intercultural understanding and communication on a 'foreign' company's performance? We suggest that a firm's localization is a bilateral process requiring mutual understanding and respect of the foreign and indigenous cultures. To assess this argument, we investigate the relationship between mutual understanding (measured by power distance, communication satisfaction, and cross-cultural understanding) on organizational performance at Korean firms employing Indonesian workers in Indonesia. Survey and statistical results indicate that firm performance was negatively affected by power distance and positively affected by cross-cultural understanding. The results suggest a new perspective on enhancing the organization's performance for overseas operations. While it is necessary for Korean investors to understand local culture, educating local managers on Korean culture better enhances organizational performance.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.530-535
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• 2021

Background: Despite the lack of official COVID-19 statistics, various workplaces and occupations have been at the center of COVID-19 outbreaks. We aimed to compare legal measures and governance established for managing COVID-19 infection risks at workplaces in nine Asia and Pacific countries and to recommend key administrative measures. Methods: We collected information on legal measures and governance from both general citizens and workers regarding infection risks such as COVID-19 from industrial hygiene professionals in nine countries (Indonesia, India, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Republic of the Philippines, Republic of Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand) using a structured questionnaire. Results: A governmental body overseeing public health and welfare was in charge of containing the spread and occurrence of infectious diseases under an infectious disease control and prevention act or another special act, although the name of the pertinent organizations and legislation vary among countries. Unlike in the case of other traditional hazards, there have been no specific articles or clauses describing the means of mitigating virus risk in the workplace that are legally required of employers, making it difficult to define the responsibilities of the employer. Each country maintains own legal systems regarding access to the duration, administration, and financing of paid sick leave. Many workers may not have access to paid sick leave even if it is legally guaranteed.