• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2009

Microorganisms play an important role in the geochemical cycles, industry, environmental cleanup, and biotechnology among other fields. Given the high microbial diversity, identification of the microorganism is essential in understanding and managing the processes. One of the most popular and powerful method for microbial identification is comparative 16S rRNA gene analysis. Due to the highly conserved nature of this essential gene, sequencing and later comparison of it against known rRNA databases can provide assignment of the bacteria into the taxonomy, and the identity of its closest relatives. Isolation and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes directly from natural environments (either from DNA or RNA) can also be used to study the structure of the whole microbial community. Nowadays, novel sequencing technologies with massive outputs are giving researchers worldwide the chance to study the microbial world with a depth that was previously too expensive to achieve. In this article we describe commonly used research approaches for the study of individual microorganisms and microbial communities using the tools provided by Ribosomal Database Project website.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.204-230
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• 2010

오늘날 기술기반 셀프서비스의 빠른 성장은 서비스 전달방식에 대한 새로운 지평을 열어가고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 기술기반 셀프서비스에 대한 사용자의 수용을 결정하는 요인들이 무엇인지를 확인함으로써 이론 및 실무적 차원의 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. TBSS 수용여부와 관련하여 기술수용모델(TAM) 및 기술기반 셀프서비스 품질평가 모델을 토대로 지각된 유용성, 지각된 사용의 용이성, 즐거움 및 개인특성 변수로 제시된 자기감시성은 기술기반 셀프서비스의 사용에 대한 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 기술기반 셀프서비스 사용에 대한 태도 역시 사용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to provide fundamental information for a system establishment of advanced practice nursing for gynecological cancer patients (APN-GCP). Method: Data was collected by focus group and individual interviews and analyzed in the framework of the Grounded theory method mapped by Strauss and Corbin (1990). There were 13 subjects in this study (nurses, doctors, patient and her family). Result: We identified 87 concepts, 22 sub-categories, and 10 categories. Categories for role expectation were arrangement of diagnosis and treatment process, giving information of treatment course, support of treatment process, patients' right toward making a decision of treatment, counseling and teaching after discharge from hospital, medical insurance and financial problems, counseling about sexual problems and use of family and community resources. All subjects perceived the necessity of an APN-GCP. An APN-GCP requires over 2$\sim$7 years clinical experience and a master's degree. Services would be performed from initial registration to termination of treatment or death, and accomplished on an outpatient clinic basis. Conclusion: The nursing delivery system and curriculum should be developed for a women's health nurse practitioner including APN-GCP. As a further step, cost-effectiveness and projected estimation of manpower of APN-GCP should be studied in the future.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1251-1258
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• 2019

Intelligent tutoring system enables users to effectively learn by utilizing various artificial intelligence techniques. For instance, it can recommend a proper curriculum or learning method to individual users based on their learning history. To do this effectively, user's characteristics need to be analyzed and classified based on various aspects such as interest, learning ability, and personality. Even though data labeled by the characteristics are required for more accurate classification, it is not easy to acquire enough amount of labeled data due to the labeling cost. On the other hand, unlabeled data should not need labeling process to make a large number of unlabeled data be collected and utilized. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised learning method based on feedback variational auto-encoder(FVAE), which uses both labeled data and unlabeled data. FVAE is a variation of variational auto-encoder(VAE), where a multi-layer perceptron is added for giving feedback. Using unlabeled data, we train FVAE and fetch the encoder of FVAE. And then, we extract features from labeled data by using the encoder and train classifiers with the extracted features. In the experiments, we proved that FVAE-based semi-supervised learning was superior to VAE-based method in terms with accuracy and F1 score.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제4권
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• pp.339-354
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• 1991

Araditionally, a business enterprise was a unit of individual economy which looked after it's own interesting. This business philosophy gave not only much wealth and advantages to the society but also caused many social problems, such as pollution, inferior goods, false advertisements, unreasonable packing and so on. Because of this criticism, it is necessary for us to fulfill the social responsibility of business and to make an accounts report about it. A business should examine itself that, for the long run, the philosophy, looking after its own interesting by means of unreasonable economical actions, is unfavorable to the business and be aware of the social responsibility of business. It is important that the business accounting should identifying, measuring and communicating on the former business actibities, but in order to help the persons interested in the business in the with their interests control and their appraising the degree of social contribution, its object should be the embodiment of social justice by giving the economic intelligences. We con get at the root of formation of corporate social accounting on this point, that it to say, we can lay it down that business activities deal with the affairs which are measured, reported, and appraised from the social view points. Givena definition of this corporate social accounting according to the general standard of business accounting. I think the persons interested in business can get useful accounting informations to make a reasonable decision from the social view points. Set forth the responsibility of accounting based on this, it is very meaningful to study in the social recognition.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.17-35
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to identify the formation and changing pattern of nursing perspectives of nursing students. 176 subjects were composed of 118 nusing students and 58 non-nursing students. The data were collected through openended question and structured questionair. The result were as follows : 1. Nursing perspectives were classified six categories(nature of nursing, image of nursing, component of nursing, meaning of nursing, range of nursing, function of nursing) 2. As increased major lecture period, the item of ${\lceil}$Nursing is helping${\rfloor}$ was changing positively. 3. As incresed clinical practice, the student's perception about items of ${\lceil}$Nursing has gap between theory and practice${\rfloor}$, ${\lceil}$Nursing is helping${\rfloor}$ was increased. 4. As increased self-concept, the students were considered the item of ${\lceil}$Nursing is action that giving knowledge and helping to effective coping for individual and group${\rfloor}$ significantly. 5. 1) The students having religion were considered the item of ${\lceil}$Nursing must doing politely${\rfloor}$ significantly relatively to the students don't have religion. 2) The students having experience of admission to hospital in their or their family had negative nursing perspectives. 3) Against the students who select nursing major for his high school perfoermonce and advice of their significant others, the students who select nursing major for service had positive nursing perspectives.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.311-322
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative research was to investigate chronically ill patients' perception of hospital nurses. Methods: Individual in-depth interviews and qualitative content analysis were used for data collection and analysis respectively. Participants were 13 chronically ill hospitalized patients or outpatients in three universities hospitals. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis suggested by Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Results: Three themes emerged from the 10 sub-themes, which were categorized from the 21 condensed meaning units by interpreting the underlying meanings. The three themes were "person giving comfort and support by caring", "person facilitating the process of healing", and "person taking the initiative in power relations". Two themes involved positive experiences of patients and the other included negative ones. Conclusion: The results showed that the participants perceived the hospital nurses as devoted to caring for patients and facilitating treatments, but authoritative in performing their duty. Based on these results, it is recommended that hospital nurses improve their nursing knowledge, skills and humanistic attitude.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.106-117
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• 1999

A study was conducted to identify the perceptions about health education competence and satisfaction of nursing profession, and the relationship between health education competency and satisfaction of nursing profession in nursing students. The subjects were 118 nursing students who were third year at a diploma course. The results of this study are as follows : 1) In domain of health education process, the highest level of competency was the need assessment of the individual health education(mean : 3.62) and the lowest level of competency was the evaluation of heath education program(mean : 2.93. 2) In domain of health education method, the level of competency was estimated ordered as counselling and interview (mean : 3.53), health campaign(mean : 3.42), demonstration(mean : 3.30), role play (mean : 3.28), group discussion (mean : 3.25), lecture(mean : 3.10). 3) In domain of health education place, the level of competency was estimated ordered as of patient education while giving individually care(mean : 3.68), at home(mean : 3.67), in the classrom(mean : 3.67), in the community(mean : 3.35), while teaching with group patients at hosital(mean : 3.30). 4) In domain of activities of health educator, the level of competency was ordered as collaborator(mean : 3.59), coordinator(mean : 3.31), material developer(mean 3.14), program evaluator(mean : 3.13), program designer(mean 3.10). 5) Health education competency was found to be significantly related to satisfaction of professional nursing.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.174-184
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• 2009

Purpose: While there exist a good number of studies on Korean nurses who were dispatched to Germany in 1960s and 1970s in sociological or labor economic perspectives, there have been few studies on their experiences from a nursing perspective. The purpose of this study is to recapture their lives and experiences from a nursing point of view. Methods: This paper adopts an Agar's ethnographic approach which is more suitable to investigate personal qualitative experiences of those Korean nurses. The data were collected from group discussion and individual interview, and field observation with 10 dispatched Korean nurses. Results: The experiences of those dispatched nurses to Germany can be summarized into three themes: challenging to life, embracing new life, and giving a meaning to life. Challenging to life involved 'hope and anxiety', and embracing new life was reflected by 'wonderment and envy' and 'loneliness and sorrow'. Lastly, they took pride in their contributions to their mother country and also felt something lacking that they had not been properly evaluated. Conclusion: By rediscovering their lives and experiences from a nursing perspective, this study argues for more future studies to reexamine their impact and contribution to the nursing field in Korea.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.285-296
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• 2004

Fashion business must reflect the seasonable fashion trend because fashion has change always, and therefore fashion business has a big risk at the attribute. Careful consideration should be given to the selection of a particular color code to meet the purpose of marketing research in various color products. It must be designed to grasp systematically and comprehensively the current trend of colors. The most suitable color code for meeting this proposition would be one based on the designation by color ranges. The ISCC-NBS method of designating colors, published in 1955, was established by dividing the color solid into 267 color name blocks. The detailed classification like the ISCC-NBS system is very appropriate to serve the purpose of giving all color names according to color ranges. But it is somewhat too complicated to answer the purpose of surveying the trend of colors and of comparing and evaluating the ups and downs in the popularity of the range of each individual color. I have worked out the most convenient method of designating colors in accordance with the type of investigation needed. It is the classification which involves four classification system in itself, fundamental, gross, medium, and minute. The fundamental classification system classifies hues and neutrals into 16ranges. The gross classification system divides the above 16 ranges into 30. The medium classification divides the above 30 ranges into 103 in terms of tones. The minute classification divides the above 103 ranges into 207 in terms of specipic hues.