• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.711-717
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• 2016

Opuntia humifusa fruits were investigated. The length of minor and major axis, and weight of O. ficus-indica and O. humifusa fruits were compared as the morphological features. The characteristics of components such as color, moisture, crude protein, ash, fat, dietary fiber, mineral, and amino acids were evaluated. The values of O. ficus-indica fruits were higher than those of O. humifusa fruits in each morphological feature such as minor axis, major axis, and weight. According to the Hunter color index results, O. humifusa fruits showed higher values of L (lightness) and b (yellowness), whereas O. ficus-indica fruits showed higher value of a (redness). The ${\Delta}E$ value between two samples was 19.80. The O. ficus-indica fruits had higher carbohydrate content and lower content of crude ash than those of O. humifusa fruits. Both samples showed very high dietary fiber contents, and the major minerals were K and Ca. Glutamic acid was the major amino acids in both samples. In free amino acids contents, O. ficus-indica had higher tyrosine and lower glutamic acid level than those of O. humifusa fruits. ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid was found in both samples, whereas taurine was found in O. ficus-indica fruits only. Taken together, the morphological features and chemical quality of O. ficus-indica and O. humifusa fruits showed difference although both of them were originated from the same genus.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 2009

The antioxidant potency of methanolic extract of Duchesnea indica (MDI; Indian strawberry) was investigated by employing various established in vitro systems, such as total phenolic content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, reducing power assay, metal chelating assay, superoxide radical scavenging activity and protective ability of DNA damage and protein oxidation. MDI inhibited metal chelating by 75.57% at 2 mg/mL, scavenged 50% DPPH free radical at 29.13 ${\mu}$g/mL, and eliminated approximately 46.21% superoxide radical at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. In addition, MDI showed strong ability on reducing power, DNA damage protection and protein oxidation protection. Overall, results suggested that MDI might be beneficial as a potent antioxidant and effectively employed as an ingredient in food applications.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.393-397
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• 1986

Effects of defatting on the starch gelatinization of Akibare (Japomica) and Milyang 30(J/Indica) rice and on textural properties of cooked rices were investigated. Defatting increased amylographic viscosity greater in Milyang 30 than in Akibare. Hardness of cooked rice was decreased by defatting both in Akibare and Milyang 30. The reduction of hardness, however, was more pronounced for Milyang 30 than for Akibare, by defatting.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.295-301
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• 2008

The methanolic root extract of tissue cultured Pluchea indica (L.) Less. was tested for its antibacterial potentiality against 102 different strains of bacteria belonging to both Gram positive and Gram negative groups. The bacteria could be arranged according to their decreasing order of sensitivity as follows: Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Bacillus spp. Vibrio parahaemolyticus, shigellae, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli. The extract was found to be bacteriostatic in nature against Salmonella typhimurium NCTC 74. When administered to Swiss strain of white mice at the doses of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg body weight, the extract could significantly protect the animals challenged with 50 MLD of S. typhimurium NCTC 74. According to the chi-square test, the in vivo data is highly significant (P < 0.001).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 1990

This study was conducted to further purify and characterize a polysaccharide fraction from whole parts of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke, which was previously reported to show an antitumor activity by us. Mild acid-treatment of the fraction by 5% acetic acid yielded three subtractions (Fr. A,B and C) on a Sephadex G-25. Fr. A was composed of uronic acid, hexose, pentose and phenolic substance, Fr. C mainly phenolic substance, and Fr. B contained hexose. All three fractions exhibited colony stimulating factor activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.108-112
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• 1990

It was confirmed that extracts of some plants were used in folklore medicine as hypoglycemic agents. Of these plants is Azadirachta indica ("neem") which grows in tropical regions. The present study deals with biochemical effects of the "neem" leaf water extract given orally to experimental aminals, especially the hypoglycemic characteristics. Normals as well as alloxan diabetic rats have been used in this work. The results showed that the "neem" leaf extract produced some hypoglycemia in normal rats when given in two doses, while in diabetic rats there was a decrease in blood sugar, but it could not alleviate the diabetic in body weight loss and high percentage mortality, especially with a high dose. It was observed increased with concomitant decrease in the liver fat as compared to normal levels. There was also a drop in liver proteins which was dose-related. The results were compared wiht those obtained with an oral hypoglycemic drug (Glibenclamide).glycemic drug (Glibenclamide).

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

Mangifera indica Linn. (MI) (Family: Anacardiaceae) is commonly known worldwide as mango and ‘Aam’ in India. MI shares an important place in treatment of several diseases in various ancient system of medicine like Ayurveda and other Indian System of Medicine and some other Traditional Medicines world wide. Almost all the parts of MI have been used in oriental medicine, so in this review attempt has being made to review the history, traditional uses, phytoconstituents and therapeutic potentials of mango.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.3 s.130
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• pp.238-244
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• 2002

The extracts from stem and fruit of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino) were applied to confirm the antiatherosclerotic effects in subacute alcoholic hyperlipidemic rats. It was observed that several indications of hyperlipidemia were prevented or changed by the treatments of the extracts but activities of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase and alcohol dehydrogenase were not affected, which suggest that the extracts may promote the fecal excretion and delay the absorption of alcohol in hyperlipidemic rats.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.3 s.130
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• pp.230-237
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• 2002

Prickly pear(Opuntia ficus-indica var saboten Makino, Cactaceae) is widely used as folk medicine for burned wound, edema and indigestion. To confirm the hypolipidemic action of the extract from Cactus stem and fruit in dietary hyperlipidemic rats, variations of the lipid- or cholesterol-related components were investigated. As results these changes were significantly prevented by treatments with Cactus extracts. The effects of the extract of fruit was better than those of stem.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 2001

Three varieties of methyl citrate and 1 -methyl malate were isolated from the fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino through in vitro bioassay-guided isolation for the inhibition on monoamine oxidase(MAO). The $IC_50$ values for MAO-B of 1-monomethyl citrate, 1,3-dimethy citrate, trimethyl citrate and 1-methyl malate were 0.19, 0.23, 0.61 and 0.25 mM, respectively. However, on MAO-A, their inhibitions showed only marginal activity.