• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.35-50
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• 1997

경기지역의 성별 연령구조의 공간적 분포양상은 서울과 인접한 서울주변지역과 경수축, 경인축, 경춘축, 고양-파주축, 의정부-동두천축, 하남 방향 등 각종 교통노선에 의해 서울과의 접근성이 양호한 지역에 상대적으로 젊은 연령층이 다수 거주하고 있음이 확인된다. 이들 지역은 기동성이 큰 젊은 연령층이 거주교외 화를 주도하여 집중적으로 살고 있는 거주교외지역과 중복된다. 이 지역에서는 교통체계가 개선되어 대중교통 및 자가용에 의해 기동성이 크게 증가되었고, 주택신도시 건설 등 정책적 변수가 작용하여 인구유입이 가속화되고 있으며, 경기지역으로의 공장이전, 본사 및 지사설립, 연구단지조성 등으로 취업기회가 확대되고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 서울주변지역의 쾌적성과 발전성이 예견되고 있기 때문에 사람들이 주거지를 선택하고 있다고 판단된다. 그리고 서울에서 멀어질수록 농촌적 기능이 많을수록 상대적으로 노년층의 연령구조물 보여준다. 경기지역의 성별 연령구조의 공간적 분포에서는 여성의 연령구조가 남성에 비해 현저하게 노령화구조률 나타내고 있음이 확인된다. 이것은 남성 연령구조지수의 평균치가 1592인데 비해 여성연령구조지수가 1386로 집계되어 상대적으로 노령화되어 있는 점에서도 드러난다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.243-254
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• 2014

In this study, a demolition analysis code using the adaptively shifted integration (ASI)-Gauss technique, which describes structural member fracture by shifting the numerical integration point to an appropriate position and simultaneously releasing the sectional forces in the element, is developed. The code was verified and validated by comparing the predicted results with those of several experiments. A demolition planning tool utilizing the concept of a key element index, which explicitly indicates the contribution of each structural column to the vertical load capacity of the structure, is also develped. Two methods of selecting specific columns to efficiently demolish the whole structure are demonstrated: selecting the columns from the largest index value and from the smallest index value. The demolition results are confirmed numerically by conducting collapse analyses using the ASI-Gauss technique. The numerical results suggest that to achieve a successful demolition, a group of columns with the largest key element index values should be selected when explosives are ignited in a simultaneous blast, whereas those with the smallest should be selected when explosives are ignited in a sequence, with a final blast set on a column with large index value.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2017

국내 석탄화력발전소의 습식배연탈황공정에서 탈황용 흡수제로 사용하는 국내산 고품위석회석의 결정구조가 분쇄특성 및 용해특성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 광물학적 결정구조가 다른 제천-단양 지역 석회석 4종을 대상으로 결정구조, 분쇄일지수 및 용해도를 비교한 결과 석회석의 결정크기와 구조에 따라 분쇄일지수 차이가 발생하였으며 분쇄일지수가 상대적으로 낮은 석회석의 용해도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 석회석의 CaO 함량과 함께 결정구조에 따른 분쇄특성도 중요한 반응인자로 확인되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

This paper proposes an analytical mode decomposition (AMD) and Hilbert transform method for structural nonlinearity quantification and damage detection under earthquake loads. The measured structural response is first decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMF) using the proposed AMD method. Each IMF is an amplitude modulated-frequency modulated signal with narrow frequency bandwidth. Then, the instantaneous frequencies of the decomposed IMF can be defined with Hilbert transform. However, for a nonlinear structure, the defined instantaneous frequencies from the decomposed IMF are not equal to the instantaneous frequencies of the structure itself. The theoretical derivation in this paper indicates that the instantaneous frequency of the decomposed measured response includes a slowly-varying part which represents the instantaneous frequency of the structure and rapidly-varying part for a nonlinear structure subjected to earthquake excitations. To eliminate the rapidly-varying part effects, the instantaneous frequency is integrated over time duration. Then the degree of nonlinearity index, which represents the damage severity of structure, is defined based on the integrated instantaneous frequency in this paper. A one-story hysteretic nonlinear structure with various earthquake excitations are simulated as numerical examples and the degree of nonlinearity index is obtained. Finally, the degree of nonlinearity index is estimated from the experimental data of a seven-story building under four earthquake excitations. The index values for the building subjected to a low intensity earthquake excitation, two medium intensity earthquake excitations, and a large intensity earthquake excitation are calculated as 12.8%, 23.0%, 23.2%, and 39.5%, respectively.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2016

This study analyzed the inflow characteristics of debris flow according to shape of defensive structure and computed risk index. In order to simulate debris flow, two shapes of defensive structure were considered. Initial mass distribution was set with a rectangular shape and defensive structures were set semi-circular shape and rectangular shape, respectively. It was found that a defensive structure with semicircular shape was more vulnerable to debris impact compared with rectangular shape because the flow mass became concentrated in quadrant part of the inner circle. If the velocity of the debris flow was less than 1 m/s, the risk assessment by FII (Flood Intensity Index) was much appropriate. However, when the movement of debris runout was faster than 1 m/s, the risk index of FHR (Flood Hazard Rating) provided improved classification due to its subdivided hazardous range.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2011

대표적인 트리 기반 공간 인덱스 구조는 크게 R-Tree와 같은 데이타 분할 기반 인덱스 구조와 KD-Tree와 같은 공간 분할 기반 인덱스 구조로 구분되며, 최근에는 이들의 장점을 결합한 하이브리드 인덱스 구조에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나, 기존 연구에서는 공간 객체가 삽입되는 노드의 분할 경계 확장이 다른 이웃 노드에 연쇄적으로 전파되어 노드간 겹침이 증가하고 질의 처리 비용이 높아지는 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 효율적인 질의 처리를 위한 하이브리드 인덱스 구조인 SQR-Tree를 제시한다. SQR-Tree는 크기를 갖는 공간 객체 처리에 적합하도록 Quad-Tree를 확장한 SQ-Tree(Spatial Quad-Tree)와 SQ-Tree의 리프 노드마다 연계되어 실제로 공간 객체를 저장하는 R-Tree가 결합된 인덱스 구조이다. SQR-Tree는 노드마다 하위 노드를 포함하는 MBR을 가지고 있기 때문에 노드의 분할 경계 확장이 독립적으로 이루어지도록 하여 노드간 겹침을 줄였다. 그리고 SQR-Tree에서 공간 객체는 분할된 데이타 공간마다 존재하는 여러 R-Tree에 분산 저장되며 SQ-Tree가 분할된 데이타 공간을 식별하는 기능을 수행한다. 따라서 공간 질의 처리시 질의 영역에 해당하는 R-Tree만 접근하면 되기 때문에 질의 처리 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 마지막으로 실험을 통해 SQR-Tree의 우수성을 입증하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권7호
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• pp.1815-1830
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• 2012

Existing R-tree that is based on a variety of outdoor-based techniques to manage moving objects have been investigated. Due to the different characteristics of the indoor and outdoor, it is difficult to management of moving object using existed methods in indoor setting. We propose a new index structure called ACII(adaptive Cell-based index for Indoor moving objects) for Indoor moving objects. ACII is Cell-based access structure adopting an overlapping technique. The ACII refines cells adaptively to handle indoor regional data, which may change its locations over time. The ACII consumed at most 30% of the space required by R-tree based methods, and achieved higher query performance compared with r-tree based methods.

• 한국멀티미디어학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국멀티미디어학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.328-331
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• 2000

In this paper , we propose a texture feature extraction method of reduce the massive computational time on extracting texture, features of large sized medical such as MRI, CT-scan , and an index structure, called GLTFT, to speed up the retrieval performance. For these, the original image is transformed into a compressed image by Wavelet transform , and textural features such as contrast, energy, entropy, and homogeneity of the compressed image is extracted by using GLCM(Gray Level Co-occurrence Metrix) . The proposed index structure is organized by using the textural features. The processing in compressed domain can give the solution of storage space and the reduction of computational time of feature extracting . And , by GLTFT index structure, image retrieval performance can be expected to be improved by reducing the retrieval range . Our experiment on 270 MRIs as image database shows that shows that such expectation can be got.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2012

In recent times, multi-centralization and decentralization as well as large Capital area and suburbanization in the spatial structure of capital area. With rapid growth, urbanization and industrialization are unsystematic, and growth inequality between regions caused negative effects such as discordant centralization and decentralization, fluctuating land value, and gap between living conditions. Accordingly, this study analyzed urban spatial indexes by the self-governed body in the capital area such as Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi province for the analysis of the regional inequality phenomenon. We examined the characteristics of temporal and spatial changes in urban spatial structure in the capital area by utilizing the distribution pattern and density of city indexes such as population, employment, etc, and then drew the commonality of those factors through factor analysis. We evaluated the drawn results through the city standard index by each city, conducted factor score analysis, and identified the interaction between each factor and Housing Purchase Price Composite Indices index, housing rent price index(Housing Jeonse Price Composite Indices), land price fluctuation rate, diffusion ratio of house, and financial independence.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.663-680
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• 2024

The zero divisor graph is the most basic way of representing an algebraic structure as a graph. For any commutative ring R, each element is a vertex on the zero divisor graph and two vertices are defined as adjacent if and only if the product of those vertices equals zero. In this research, we determine some topological indices such as the Wiener index, the edge-Wiener index, the hyper-Wiener index, the Harary index, the first Zagreb index, the second Zagreb index, and the Gutman index of zero divisor graph of integers modulo prime power and its direct product.