• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.293-301
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• 2019

Bolted joints are commonly used in civil infrastructure and mechanical assembly structures. Monitoring and identifying the connection status of bolts is the frontier problem of structural research. The existing research is mainly on the looseness of a single bolt. This article presents a study of assessing the loosening/tightening health state and identifying the loose bolt by using ultrasonic guided wave in a bolt group joint. A bolt-tightening index was proposed for evaluating the looseness of a bolt connection based on correlation coefficient. The tightening/loosening state of the bolt was simulated by changing the bolt torque. More than 180 different measurement tests for total of six bolts were conducted. The results showed that with the bolt torque increases, value of the proposed bolt-tightening index increases. The proposed bolt-tightening index trend was very well reproduced by an analytical expression using a function of the torque applied with an overall percentage error lower than 5%. The developed damage index based on the proposed bolt-tightening index can also be applied to locate the loosest bolt in a bolt group joint. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a bolt group joint experiment with different positions of bolt looseness was performed. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective to detect and locate bolt looseness and has a good prospect of finding applications in real-time structural monitoring.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제77권2호
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• pp.151-165
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• 2021

This paper aims to present a novelty damage detection method to identify damage locations by the simultaneous use of both the energy and displacement damage indices. Using this novelty method, the damaged location and even the damaged floor are accurately detected. As a first method, a combination of the instantaneous frequency energy index (EDI) and the structural acceleration responses are used. To evaluate the first method and also present a rapid assessment method, the Displacement Damage Index (DDI), which consists of the error reliability (β) and Normal Probability Density Function (NPDF) indices, are introduced. The innovation of this method is the simultaneous use of displacement-acceleration responses during one process, which is more effective in the rapid evaluation of damage patterns with velocity vectors. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, various damage scenarios of the ASCE benchmark problem, and the effects of measurement noise were studied numerically. Extensive analyses show that the rapid proposed method is capable of accurately detecting the location of sparse damages through the building. Finally, the proposed method was validated by experimental studies of a six-story steel building structure with single and multiple damage cases.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 복합재 압력용기의 성능지수를 최대화하기 위한 적층 설계변수의 영향도 평가 및 최적설계를 수행하였다. 성능지수를 최대화하기 위하여 압력용기의 내부체적이 고정되어 있다는 가정 하에 헬리컬 및 후프 층의 두께와 후프 층의 길이, 총 세 가지 변수를 고려하였다. 선정된 변수들의 최적화를 위하여 대체모델의 구축에 필요한 반응표면법이 도입되었고, 변수의 영향도를 평가하기 위한 분산분석이 수행되었다. 최적설계 문제는 내압성능 제약조건 하에 성능지수를 최대화하는 문제로 정식화하였다. 도출된 최적화 모델에 대한 추가적인 수치해석을 통해 본 연구의 효용성을 입증하였다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.125-139
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• 2017

최근 응급의료 서비스의 질 제고에 관심이 높아지고 있는 가운데 응급의료 프로세스의 혁신에 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. ICT기술의 급속적인 진전에 의해 응급의료 프로세스의 자동화 또는 지능화가 가속화되고 있다. 본 연구는 자원 활용 최적화, 인적오류 최소화 그리고 진료 예측가능성 제고를 고려한 실시간데이터 기반 응급실 운영 방안을 제안한다. 응급실 운영지수-응급 케어지수, 체류 단축지수, 인적오류 유발지수, 대기 인내지수-를 개발하고, 이를 기반으로 한 응급실 운영규칙을 제시한다. 가상의 축소 응급실을 대상으로 시뮬레이션을 실시하여 제안한 운영규칙의 효과성을 검증하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 응급실 체류시간에서 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2022

This study presents the application of two indices for the locating of cracks in Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures, as well as the development of their modified forms to overcome limitations. The first index is based on mode shape curvature and the second index is based on the fourth derivative of the mode shape. In order to confirm the indices' effectiveness, both eigenvalues coupled with nonlinear static analyses were carried out and the eigenvectors for two different damage locations and intensities of load were obtained from the finite element model of RC beams. The values of the damage-locating indices derived using both indices were then compared. Generally, the mode shape curvature-based index suffered from insensitivity when attempting to detect the damage location; this also applied to the mode shape fourth derivative-based index at lower modes. However, at higher modes, the mode shape fourth derivative-based index gave an acceptable indication of the damage location. Both the indices showed inconsistencies and anomalies at the supports. This study proposed modification to both indices to overcome identified flaws. The results proved that modified forms exhibited better sensitivity for identifying the damage location. In addition, anomalies at the supports were eliminated.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.1093-1097
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• 2020

A composite iodine sorbent was obtained in the form of porous polymer matrix with activated carbon particles impregnated with triethylenediamine deposited on its surface. A comparative assessment of the radioactive methyliodide capturing efficiency by the composite sorbent and a sample of industrial charcoal sorbent was conducted. It was shown that under the selected testing conditions, the hydraulic resistance of the composite sorbent is lower, and the sorption capacity is higher than that of the industrial charcoal sorbent. A method for comparing the effectiveness of iodine sorbents, based on the calculation of the ratio of the sorption capacity index to the minimum capacity index, needed for the required purification degree was proposed.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.455-460
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 퍼지 클러스터링 알고리즘에 의해 구해진 퍼지 분할에 대한 최적 클러스터 수를 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 척도는 퍼지 클러스터들간의 중첩성과 분리성을 이용한다. 중첩성은 클러스터간 인접도를 이용하여 계산하며, 분리성은 데이터에 대한 상관성 정도로 나타낸다. 따라서 중첩성이 낮고 분리성이 높을수록 좋은 클러스터 결과라고 할 수 있다. 표준 데이터 집합을 대상으로 기존의 척도들과 비교 실험함으로써 제안된 척도의 신뢰성을 검증하였다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.226-230
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• 2016

Objectives : The objective of this study is to report a effectiveness of korean medical treatment based on Meridian Tendino-musculature Acupuncture to patient with cervical dystonia. Methods : In this study, we conducted treatment based on Meridian Tendino-musculature Acupuncture to patients. And we also carried out treatments like herb medicine and cupping therapy etc. Tsui's score, Neck Disability Index(NDI), Visual analogue scale(VAS) and angle of C-spine were measured once a month to evaluate the severeness of symptom. Results : After 24 sessions of treatment, there were improvements on Tsui's score, Neck Disability Index(NDI), Visual analogue scale(VAS) and angle of C-spine. Conclusions : Korean medical treatment based on Meridian Tendino-musculature Acupuncture may be effective for relieving symptoms of cervical dystonia.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2
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• pp.964-967
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• 2002

The effectiveness of silicon nitride SiNx surface passivation is investigated and quantified. This study adopted single-layer antireflection (SLAR) coating of SiNx for efficiency improvement of solar cell. The silicon nitride films were deposited by means of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) in planar coil reactor. The process gases used were pure ammonia and a mixture of silane and helium. The thickness and the refractive index on the films were measured by ellipsometry and chemical bonds were determined by using an FT-IR equipment. This films obtained were analyzed in term of hydrogen content, refractive index for gas flow ratio $(NH_3/SiH_4)$, and efficiency of solar cell. The polycrystalline silicon solar cells passivated by silicon nitride shows efficiency above 12.8%.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.21-24
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• 1995

The larger and the more complicated the system size and configuration grow, the more serious the system loss problem becomes. Exessive system loss causes severs system voltage depression, which even may result in system voltage collapse. This paper proposes an effective tool for minimizing the system power loss by optimal re-location of the static condenser based on the system loss sensitivity index .lambda.$_{Q}$. It is possible to determine the optimal location and amount of VAR investment for minimizing the system loss by priority of .lambda.$_{Q}$ index given for each bus. Several computational techniques for avoiding divergency of the load flow solution are proposed. The loss sensitivity index .lambda.$_{Q}$ uses information of normal power flow equations and their Jacobians. Two case studies proved the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed.posed.