• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제18권1_2호
• /
• pp.639-647
• /
• 2005

We count the number of maximal independent sets of binary trees and planted plane trees.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.573-581
• /
• 2008

We obtain an improvement of strong laws of large numbers for independent fuzzy random variables.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.17-30
• /
• 2006

The wealth of Korean disability people's paradigm has developed by the meaning of whole rehabilitation of the small society for acception and protection. Today, that meaning has been changed to make and choose disability people's future plans by themselves. The CENTER FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING in Korea has been accepted through the American and Japanese's activity systems with no objection. Following result of the real reserching, because the CENTER FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING in Korea have no legal basement, so there are little support for these centers and no proper rules and check systems. Therefore, we have to make the legal basement of CENTER FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING and separate by each parts of system and to specialize about them. That means, each parts of system have to mark role mode for doing well, and each systems have to develop new programs and services, and to specialize for in Korea. To add, we should have more small CENTER FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING in each area, and the CENTER FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING which are already started should make network system to contact with other centers in society for giving support of proper information.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.437-445
• /
• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analysis on diaphragm thickness and lung function of stroke patients by walking ability. Methods : We recruited thirty-five adults after stroke(20 male, 15 female) for our study. The subjects were divided into two groups; independent walking group(11 male, 9 female) and non-independent walking group(9 male, 6 female). Assessment of diaphragm thickness was performed using ultrasound in B-mode with a 7.5 MHz linea probe. During the experiment, the subject was seated in the chair. All subjects performed maximal expiratory flow maneuvers using a spirometer in order to determine the forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$), forced vital capacity(FVC), peak expiratory flow(PEF) and $FEV_1$/FVC. Chest expansion was measured with a tape-measure placed circumferentially around the chest wall at the xiphoid process. The collected data analyzed by independent t-test. Results : The diaphragm thickness were significant differences between the independent walking and nonindependent walking group. Values of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume at one second, peak expiratory flow in pulmonary function tests were significant differences between the independent walking and non-independent walking group. However, chest expansion were not significant differences in both of the group. Conclusion : This study showed that walking ability of stroke patients have influenced on diaphragm thickness and pulmonary function.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.945-951
• /
• 2001

This study is conducted to investigate physical therapists' consciousness for independent establishment of their own physical therapy clinics, examining aspects of physical therapy rooms in medical institutions. Data were collected from 210 physical therapists working in Daegu and Kyungbuk regions from August 1, 1999 to August 31. 1999, The results were as follows; 1. As for general characteristics of the respondents. 56.3% was 'famele'; 60.4% 'twenties of age'; 56.1% 'working experience for blow 5 years'. 2. 75.3% of the respondents thinks that independent establishment of their own physical therapy clinics must be enacted without fail 50.1 % thinks that independent establishment of physical therapy clinic will be enacted within 5 to 10 years. 3. The important solutions in driving forward independent establishment of the clinic are accumulation of practice experience and introduction of new technology(31.3%), accumulation of practice experience and raising of academic career(19.0%), and accumulation of practice experience and legal action (14.0%). 10.9% believes that independent establishment will be achieved someday if they wait for it.

• 비교교육연구
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.171-197
• /
• 2017

중국의 독립학원은 민간의 교육투자를 인정하여 투자자 개인이나 기업, 사회의 지원 자금 활용을 용이하게 하고, 학교의 학사 운영, 학생 입학전형, 예산의 집행 및 관리, 별도의 법인 설립 및 학력 인정 등에 대해서 국가 주도로 설립된 공립대학과 다르게 사립대학인 민판학교 방식으로 자율적인 운영을 보장하는 등 중국내의 고등교육기관의 다양성을 갖추고자 하는 목적으로 설립되었다. 하지만 1990년대 초반 이후 중국 고등교육의 새로운 방식으로서 나타나게 된 독립학원은 지난 30여년의 시간 동안 양적인 성장을 이루었음에도 아직 교육의 질적 측면에서의 성장은 미흡한 상황이다. 중국의 독립학원이 관심을 받는 이유는, 독립학원이 모체 대학(母體)의 시설과 교수, 개설된 전공에서 지원을 받고 대학의 명성을 공유하는 등 대학 자체의 발전을 위한 노력보다는 학생 모집에 중점을 두는 방식으로 운영한다는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 중국의 독특한 고등교육기관인 독립학원의 현황과 관련한 정책을 분석하고자 하였다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 다차원 교육정책분석 모형을 활용하여, 규범적 차원으로 중국의 독립학원 정책의 영리성 문제와 중국인의 차서격국(差序格局) 중심의 ?시(關係) 문화를, 구조적 차원으로 독립학원 관련 정부기관 구조, 국유민판의 운영구조를, 구성적 차원으로 중국의 독립학원 이해관계자의 속성을, 기술적 차원으로 독립학원 정책과 법제화 과정을 살펴보고자 하였다. 분석 결과를 통해 중국의 독립학원 정책의 방향성에 대한 시사점을 제시하고자 한다.

• 항공우주기술
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.229-238
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 인공위성 영상의 전처리 시스템에 사용되기 위한 RPC 기하보정 모듈을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위하여, Terrain-Independent Ⅰ, Terrain-Independent Ⅱ 및 Terrain-Dependent의 3가지 방법이 KOMPSAT-1, SPOT PAN 영상에 적용되었다.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제52권2호
• /
• pp.431-445
• /
• 2015

Extensions of the Kolmogorov convergence criterion and the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequalities from independent random variables to conditional independent ones are derived. As their applications, a conditional version of the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund strong law of large numbers and a result on convergence in $L^p$ for conditionally independent and conditionally identically distributed random variables are established, respectively.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한음성학회 2003년도 10월 학술대회지
• /
• pp.185-188
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we construct phonetic GMM for text-independent speaker identification system. The basic idea is to combine of the advantages of baseline GMM and HMM. GMM is more proper for text-independent speaker identification system. In text-dependent system, HMM do work better. Phonetic GMM represents more sophistgate text-dependent speaker model based on text-independent speaker model. In speaker identification system, phonetic GMM using HMM-based speaker-independent phoneme recognition results in better performance than baseline GMM. In addition to the method, N-best recognition algorithm used to decrease the computation complexity and to be applicable to new speakers.

• 충청수학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2009

Let {$X_n,\;n{\geq}1}$ be a sequence of independent identically distributed(i.i.d.) sequence of positive random variables with common absolutely continuous distribution function(cdf) F(x) and probability density function(pdf) f(x) and $E(X^2)<{\infty}$. The random variables $\frac{X_i{\cdot}X_j}{(\Sigma^n_{k=1}X_k)^{2}}$ and $\Sigma^n_{k=1}X_k$ are independent for $1{\leq}i if and only if {$X_n,\;n{\geq}1}$ have gamma distribution.