• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
• /
• 제5권11호
• /
• pp.549-554
• /
• 2016

컨셉넷은 일반상식을 노드(개념)와 에지(관계)로 표현해 놓은 그래프 형태의 지식 베이스이다. 완전한 지식 베이스를 구축하는 것은 매우 어려운 문제이기 때문에 지식 베이스는 미완결된 형태의 데이터를 담고 있는 경우가 많다. 불완전한 지식을 담고 있는 지식 베이스로부터의 추론 결과는 신뢰하기 어렵기 때문에 지식의 완결성을 높이기 위한 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 신경 텐서망을 이용하여 컨셉넷의 지식 미완결성 문제를 완화해 보고자 한다. 컨셉넷에서 추출한 사실주장(assertion)을 이용하여 신경 텐서망을 학습시킨다. 학습된 신경 텐서망은 두 개의 개념 정보를 입력으로 받고, 그 두 개념이 특정 관계로 연결될 수 있는지를 나타내는 점수값을 출력한다. 이와 같이 신경 텐서망은 노드들의 연결 차수(degree)를 높여, 컨셉넷의 완결성을 증대시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서 학습시킨 신경 텐서망은 평가데이터에 대해서 약 87.7%의 정확도를 보였다. 또한 컨셉넷에 연결이 없는 노드 쌍에 대하여 85.01%의 정확도로 새로운 관계를 예측할 수 있었다.

• 조형예술학연구
• /
• 제4권
• /
• pp.91-122
• /
• 2002

`Bio morphism` are constituted in paintings where the artists try to embody the elementary properties of living creature as of growth and durability. They are the most appropriate concept of painting to harmonize human being with nature closely. The formative ways of them attach great importance to both unconsciousness and desire , as well as variations or dynamics, by noticing a flow of natural senses and feelings of human being. In other words, the formative ways are based on a recognition of nature as the intrinsic force of life, with the result that aesthetics of incompleteness is embodied in images. Therefore they are clearly distinguished from that of functional, geometric images. A tendency of painting at that time, in a word, 'return to figure and expression', means a conversion into organic images like the incomplete, atypical, and biomorphic forms, while denying the mechanical or geometric. Elizabeth Murray are analyzed, for these works are remarkable in the characteristics of 'Bio morphism'. Consequently the features of organic images, that is, 'the formative acceptance of natural figures, or an informality' and 'the force of free will, or an incompleteness', could obviously be revealed. It is a type that obtains a motif out of natural figures like an animal, a plant, or the concrete figures of human being. In conclusion, this thesis is focused on not only emphasizing that 'Bio morphism' were a major tendency among the various trends of postmodern painting in the 20th century, but also analysing both the painterly formation of organic images and the structure of them. In addition to these points, it is a central aim to evoke that Bio morphism should accurately be evaluated and positioned in postmodern painting. A new recognition of 'Bio morphism' is a peculiarity of the times that reflects a cultural aspect of the present, hence it should be recognized as another way to approach the postmodern painting.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제49권4호
• /
• pp.241-264
• /
• 2015

Bibliometric analysis for research performance evaluation can generate erroneous assessments for various reasons. Application of the same evaluation metric to different domains, for instance, can produce unfair evaluation results, while analysis based on incomplete data can lead to incorrect conclusions. This study examines bibliometric data of library and information science (LIS) research in Korea to investigate whether research performance should be evaluated in a uniform manner in multi-disciplinary fields such as LIS and how data incompleteness can affect the bibliometric assessment outcomes. The initial analysis of our study data, which consisted of 4,350 citations to 1,986 domestic papers published between 2001 and 2010 by 163 LIS faculty members in Korea, showed an anomalous citation pattern caused by data incompleteness, which was addressed via data projection based on past citation trends. The subsequent analysis of augmented study data revealed ample evidence of bibliometric pattern differences across subject areas. In addition to highlighting the need for a subject-specific assessment of research performance, the study demonstrated the importance of rigorous analysis and careful interpretation of bibliometric data by identifying and compensating for deficiencies in the data source, examining per capita as well as overall statistics, and considering various facets of research in order to interpret what the numbers reflect rather than merely taking them at face value as quantitative measures of research performance.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 2019

This study aims to understand the concept of pixel, the most important factor in constituting a digital image, draw the formative characteristics of pixelation image expressed through non-digital media, and develop fashion design reflecting the characteristics. As a research method, the literature review was conducted in the present study by involving domestic and foreign publications, related academic journals, and theses and dissertations on the pixel and pixelation image based on a qualitative research process. In addition, through an analysis of the cases that borrowed pixelation images in non-digital media like contemporary art and design, etc., an attempt was made to draw the formative characteristics of the pixelation image. Apparently, six fashion design looks are presented in the present study. The formative characteristics of the pixelation image include: first, the repeatability that repeats the minimum unit; second, the incompleteness of the shape appearing through the phenomenon of aliasing due to the characteristics of the pixel; and third, the combination that completes the shape through the combination of individual independent pixels. The results of the expression through reflecting them in fashion design are as follows: first, this study chose one small geometric formative element and presented repeatability by repetitively expressing that element in a textile pattern; second, for incompleteness, this study expressed an incomplete form, handling the edge part of the shape with the method of disentangling the strand; and third, the combination by completing a single look through overlapping of independent textiles and the combination of different independent individuals is expressed.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.906-913
• /
• 2003

Lean premixed combustion has been considered as one of the promising solutions for the reduction of NOx emissions from gas turbines. However, unstable combustion of lean premixed flow becomes a real challenge on the way to design a reliable, highly efficient dry low NOx gas turbine combustor. Contrary to a conventional diffusion type combustion system, characteristics of premixed combustion significantly depend on a premixing degree of combusting flow. Combustion behavior in terms of stability has been studied in a model gas turbine combustor burning natural gas and air. Incompleteness of premixing is identified as significant perturbation source for inducing unstable combustion. Application of a simple convection time lag theory can only predict instability modes but cannot determine whether instability occurs or not. Low frequency perturbations are observed at the onset of instability and believed to initiate the coupling between heat release rate and pressure fluctuations.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.237-256
• /
• 2007

This paper studies the problem of option pricing in an incomplete market. The market incompleteness comes from the discontinuity of the underlying asset price process which is, in particular, assumed to be a compound Poisson process. To find a reasonable price for a European contingent claim, we first find the unique minimal martingale measure and get a price by taking an expectation of the payoff under this measure. To get a closed-form price, we use an asymptotic expansion. In case where the minimal martingale measure is a signed measure, we use a sequence of martingale measures (probability measures) that converges to the equivalent martingale measure in the limit to compute the price. Again, we get a closed form of asymptotic option price. It is the Black-Scholes price and a correction term, when the distribution of the return process has nonzero skewness up to the first order.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 2016

Dense local image descriptors like SIFT are fruitful for capturing salient information about image, shown to be successful in various image-related tasks when formed in bag-of-words representation (i.e., histograms). In this paper we consider to utilize these dense local descriptors in the object tracking problem. A notable aspect of our tracker is that instead of adopting a point estimate for the target model, we account for uncertainty in data noise and model incompleteness by maintaining a distribution over plausible candidate models within the Bayesian framework. The target model is also updated adaptively by the principled Bayesian posterior inference, which admits a closed form within our Dirichlet prior modeling. With empirical evaluations on some video datasets, the proposed method is shown to yield more accurate tracking than baseline histogram-based trackers with the same types of features, often being superior to the appearance-based (visual) trackers.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2011

The recently revised "Telecommunications Business Promotion and Personal Data Protection Act" is an important legal milestone in promoting the Korean telecommunications infrastructure and industry as well as protecting individuals' personal data and individuals' rights to privacy. Special characteristics of information security and privacy protection services including public goods' feature, adaptiveness, relativity, multi-dimensionality, and incompleteness, are reviewed. The responsibility of chief security/privacy officers in the IT industry, and the fairness and effectiveness of the criminal negligence in the Telecommunications Act are analyzed. An assessment of the rationale behind the act as well as a survey of related laws and cases in different countries, offers the following recommendations : i) revise the act and develop new systems for data protection, ii) grant a stay of execution or reduce the sentence given extenuating circumstances, or iii) use technical and managerial measures in data protection for exemption from criminal negligence.

• 비파괴검사학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.233-245
• /
• 2011

A new BWIM(bridge weigh-in-motion) algorithm using both measured strain and acceleration data is proposed. To consider the effects of bridge vibration on the estimation of moving loads, the dynamic governing equation is applied with the known stiffness and mass properties but damping is ignored. Dynamic displacements are computed indirectly from the measured strains using the beam theory and accelerations are measured directly by accelerometers. To convert a unit moving load to its equivalent nodal force, a transformation matrix is determined. The incompleteness in the measured responses is considered in developing the algorithm. To examine the proposed BWIM algorithm, simulation studies, laboratory experiments and field tests were carried. In the simulation study, effects of measurement noise and estimation error in the vehicle speed on the results were investigated.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국원자력학회 1995년도 추계학술발표회논문집(1)
• /
• pp.173-178
• /
• 1995

The verification phase of knowledge base is an important part for developing reliable expert systems, especially in nuclear industry. Although several strategies or tools have been developed to perform potential ewer checking, they often neglect the reliability of verification methods. Because a Petri net provides a uniform mathematical formalization of knowledge base, it has been employed for knowledge base verification. In this work, we devise and suggest an automated tool, called COKEP (Checker Of Knowledge base using Extended Petri net), for detecting incorrectness, inconsistency, and incompleteness in a knowledge base. The scope of the verification problem is expanded to chained errors, unlike previous studies that assumed error incidence to be limited to rule pairs only. In addition, we consider certainty factor in checking, because most of knowledge bases have certainty factors.