• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.321-326
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 SAS 공정을 난용성 약물인 이트라코나졸과 친수성 물질인 HP-$\beta$-CD의 포접복합체 미세입자의 제조에 적용하기 위한 기초 연구를 수행하였다. 이트라코나졸과 HP-$\beta$-CD를 1:2의 몰비로 혼합한 용액을 사용하여 35∼$65^{\circ}C$의 온도범위와 83∼140 bar의 압력범위에서 SAS 공정으로 이트라코나졸/HP-$\beta$-CD 포접복합체 미세입자를 제조하였으며, 이트라코나졸 및 HP-$\beta$-CD 원재료의 열적 특성과 비교함으로써 초임계 유체 공정에 의해 포접복합체를 제조할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, SAS 공정에 의해 제조된 이트라코나졸/HP-$\beta$-CD 포접복합체의 인공위액에 대한 이트라코나졸의 용출시험을 수행한 결과 이트라코나졸 원재료와 이트라코나졸을 함유한 대표적 시판 제제인 스포라녹스 캡슐제와 비교해 투입된 이트라코나졸의 50∼80%에 해당하는 양이 용출개시 5분 만에 방출되는 매우 빠른 초기 용출특성을 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이트라코나졸 /HP-$\beta$-CD 포접복합체의 제조시 SAS 공정 조건이 35$^{\circ}C$에서 $65^{\circ}C$로 높아짐에 따라 이트라코나졸의 용출률이 감소하였을 뿐만 아니라 열분석 결과 이트라코나졸의 용융 피크의 세기도 점차로 증가하게 된다는 결과로부터 포접복합체의 형성이 이루어지는 주변 매질의 온도가 높아짐에 따라 초임계 이산화탄소 분자의 활동도가 증가하게 되어 이트라코나졸과 HP-$\beta$-CD의 포접복합체 형성에 필요한 결합력이 점차로 약해져서 포접 효율이 저하하게 됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.84-92
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• 1984

This article examined relationships between selected variables, such as demographic background, care, treatment variables, environmental characteristics, and patient's daily behavior and mood change. Relationship were determined between independent variabltherapeutic-rapeutie approach, demographic data, environmental management approach-,and dependent variable-patient's daily behavioral and mood change. 35 patients selected within some criteria in a psychiatric ward, were obserbed during 5 weeks by use of Wyatt's Behavior & Mood Rating Scale ac-cording to the object of the study. At the same time, the frequence of the care and treatment were collected. Criteria for sample selection and independent variables as an influential factor to the patient behavioral change, based on a literature revienw and clinical experiences. Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to determine the influfntial factors to the patient behavioral change. Systematic reading (r=.8324), Psychiatrist's individual interview (r=.5764), tranquilizer (r=.3441) and hospitalization processing date (r=.4143) were related with patient's behavioral change. That is these 4 variables can be said to influence to the patient's behavior and mood. A stepwise multiple regression analysis of the effect of the independent varibles of systematic reading, psychintrists individual interview, tranquilizer and hospitalization processing date on the dependent variable, patient's behavioral change was carried out. Systematic reading with on R²of. 69 revealed to be the main influential factor to the patient's behavior and mood change, as the next factor psychiatrist individual interview. A total inclusion of these factors revealed a 73% prediction for the patient's behavior and mood change. But the most influential factor was the interaction of the systematic reading and psychiatrist's individual interview.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.351-360
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a lecture on oral presentation and to evaluate changes in anger expression, assertive behavior, and self-esteem after lecture on oral presentation. Methods: The design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were university students in nursing, of which 17 were assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group. The education was carried out for 2 hours, once a week for 14 weeks. Data was analyzed with SPSS/WIN 14 program, and included chi-square test, independent t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA. Results: Lecture on oral presentation showed significant differences in the changes of anger expression (F=10.122, p=.003) and assertive behavior (F=8.498, p=.007). Conclusion: Findings suggest that this lecture on oral presentation was effective in changing students' anger expression and assertive behavior. Therefore this lecture on oral presentation is recommended for inclusion in education for university students in nursing.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.76-90
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• 2018

Despite the growing use of SNS and the increasing number of recruitment related to SNS, little research has been conducted between career preparation activities and relationship with SNS. Therefore, this study investigates the relationships among purpose of using instagram, flow of instagram and career preparation behavior using structural equation model, and by investigating the adjustment effect of the personal characteristic among them. To this end an online survey was conducted for students who want to be cabin crew. The results of this study show that motivation of using instagram had a positive and significant effect on flow of instagram, which in turn positively influenced career preparation behavior. Furthermore, it could be confirmed that there was a adjustment moderating effect on personal characteristic between purpose of using instagram and flow of using instagram. The results of this study suggest that the likelihood of recruitment for being cabin crew can be achieved by identifying mutual relationships among motivation of using instagram, flow of instagram, career preparation behavior, and personal characteristics.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.1175-1188
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• 2009

In this paper, we study the behavior and sensitivity analysis of the solution set for a new system of parametric generalized nonlinear mixed quasi-variational inclusions with (A, ${\eta$)-accretive mappings in quniformly smooth Banach spaces. The present results improve and extend many known results in the literature.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.427-441
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• 2010

In this paper, we study the behavior and sensitivity analysis of the solution set for a new system of generalized parametric multi-valued variational inclusions with (A, $\eta$)-accretive mappings in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. The present results improve and extend many known results in the literature.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2005

초임계유체를 이용한 공정을 통하여 물에 대해 난용성 성질을 지니는 약물인 itraconazole과 $2-hydroxypropyl-{\beta}-cyclodextrin(HP-{\beta}-CD)$의 포접복합체를 제조하였다. 제조된 포접복합체는 SEM, DSC, XRD 등을 이용하여 고체상태의 특성 분석을 수행하여 itraconazole의 결정성적 특성이 $HP-{\beta}-CD$와의 포접체를 형성하며 무정질적으로 변화된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. pH 1.2의 인공위액을 이용하여 수행된 수용액 내에서의 포접복합체의 용해도 및 용출시험 결과 itraconazole 원재료에 비하여 20-200배 정도의 증가된 용해도 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 초임계유체 공정을 통하여 얻어진 포접복합체의 용해도는 압력증가에 의한 이산화탄소 밀도 증가에 따라 증가하였으며 동일 조건에서 용액 중의 $HP-{\beta}-CD$의 함량이 높아질수록 증가하였다. $35^{\circ}C$, 140 bar의 공정 조건에서 itraconazole과 $HP-{\beta}-CD$의 구성 몰비가 1:3인 용액을 사용하였을 경우 itraconazole 원재료에 비하여 약 200배 이상의 용해도인 $758.6{\mu}g/mL$의 용해도를 지니는 포접복합체를 얻을 수 있었다. 용출시험 결과 투입 약물의 90% 이상이 용출 개시 5-10분 내에 용출되어 대조제로 사용한 시판제제 및 원재료에 비하여 매우 빠른 초기 방출률과 우수한 용출 특성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 기존의 시간소비성 및 다단계의 포접체 제조공정을 개선할 수 있는 한 방법으로 초임계유체 공정이 적용될 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.239-252
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• 2013

Mortar microstructure is considered as a three-phase composite material, which is cement paste, fine aggregate and interfacial transition zone. Interfacial transition zone is the weakest link between the cement paste and fine aggregate, so it has a significant role to determine the properties of cementitious composites. In this study, specimens (w/c = 0.35, 0.45, 0.55) with various volume fractions of fine aggregate ($V_f$ = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) were cast and tested. To predict the equivalent migration coefficient ($M_e$) and migration coefficient of interfacial transition zone ($M_{itz}$), double-inclusion method and Mori-Tanaka theory were used to estimate. There are two stages to estimate and calculate the thickness of interfacial transition zone (h) and migration coefficient of interfacial transition zone ($M_{itz}$). The first stage, the data of experimental chloride ion migration coefficient ($M_s$) was used to calculate the equivalent migration coefficient of fine aggregate with interfacial transition zone ($M_e$) by Mori-Tanaka theory. The second stage, the thickness of interfacial transition zone (h) and migration coefficient of interfacial transition zone ($M_{itz}$) was calculated by Hori and Nemat-Nasser's double inclusion model. Between the theoretical and experimental data a comparison was conducted to investigate the behavior of interfacial transition zone in mortar and the effect of interfacial transition zone on the chloride migration coefficient, the results indicated that the numerical simulations is derived to the $M_{itz}/M_m$ ratio is 2.11~8.28. Additionally, thickness of interfacial transition zone is predicted from $10{\mu}m$, 60 to $80{\mu}m$, 70 to $100{\mu}m$ and 90 to $130{\mu}m$ for SM30, M35, M45 and M55, respectively.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

부직포에 의한 보강이 모래의 역학적 거동에 미치는 영향에 대해 검토하였다. 이 검토를 위해 보강모래와 무보강모래에 대한 일련의 삼축압축시험이 수행되었다. 표준사인 주문진사가 사용되었고, 부직포 보강재가 모래시료 속에 최대 3층 배치되었다. 분석결과 모래속의 부직포 배치는 모래의 전단강도를 크게 증가시켰고, 보강모래는 파괴시의 변형률도 증가하였다. 또한, 보강층수가 증가할수록 보강재에 의한 시료내 전단층의 확산 방지효과의 증가로 보다 연성화하고, 모래시료의 체적팽창 경향은 부직포 배치에 의해 억제됨이 밝혀졌다. 보강층수 증가에 의한 효과는 간극비 감소로 인한 효과와 같다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2015

The usage of bending products recently have increased since many industries such as automobile, aerospace, shipbuilding, and chemical plants need the application of pipings. Bending process is one of the inevitable steps to fabricate the facilities. Induction heat bending is composed of compressive bending process by local heating and cooling. This work focused on the effect of induction heat bending process on the properties of ASME SA312 Gr. TP304 stainless steel pipes. Tests were performed for base metal and bended area including extrados, intrados, crown up, and down parts. Microstructure was analyzed using an optical microscope and SEM. In order to determine intergranular corrosion resistance, Double Loop Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation (DL-EPR) test and ASTM A262 practice A and C tests were done. Every specimen revealed non-metallic inclusion free under the criteria of 1.5i of the standard and the induction heat bending process did not affect the non-metallic inclusion in the alloys. Also, all the bended specimens had finer grain size than ASTM grain size number 5 corresponding to the grain sizes of the base metal and thus the grain size of the pipe bended by induction heat bending process is acceptable. Hardness of transition start, bend, and transition end areas of ASME SA312 TP304 stainless steel was a little higher than that of base metal. Intergranular corrosion behavior was determined by ASTM A262 practice A and C and DL-EPR test, and respectively step structure, corrosion rate under 0.3 mm/y, and Degree of Sensitization (DOS) of 0.001~0.075% were obtained. That is, the induction heat bending process didn't affect the intergranular corrosion behavior of ASME SA312 TP304 stainless steel.