• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.59-75
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• 2020

This study is a case study that applied 'UNDRR's Urban Disaster Resilience Scorecard', an evaluation tool necessary for Incheon Metropolitan City to be certified as an international safe city. I would like to present an example that the results derived from this scorecard contributed to the Incheon Metropolitan City Disaster Reduction Plan. Of course, the Disaster Resilience Scorecard can't provide a way to improve the resilience of every disaster facing the city. However, it is to find the weakness of the resilience that the city faces, and to propose a solution to reduce the city's disaster risk. This is to help practitioners to recognize the disaster risks that Incheon Metropolitan City faces. In addition, the solution recommended by UNDRR was suggested to provide resilience in areas vulnerable to disasters. It was confirmed that this process can contribute to improving the disaster resilience of Incheon Metropolitan City. UNDRR has been spreading 'Climate Change, Disaster-resistant City Creation Campaign', aka MCR (Making Cities Resilient) Campaign, to cities all over the world since 2010 to reduce global cities' disasters. By applying the disaster relief guidelines adopted by UNDRR, governments, local governments, and neighboring cities are encouraged to collaborate. As a result of this study, Incheon Metropolitan city's UN Urban Resilience Scorecard was evaluated as a strong resilience field by obtaining scores of 4 or more (4.3~5.0) in 5 of 10 essentials; 1. Prepare organization for disaster resilience and prepare for implementation, 4. Strong resilience Urban development and design pursuit, 5. Preservation of natural cushions to enhance the protection provided by natural ecosystems, 9. Ensure effective disaster preparedness and response, 10. Rapid restoration and better reconstruction. On the other hand, in the other five fields, scores of less than 4 (3.20~3.85) were obtained and evaluated as weak resilience field; 2. Analyze, understand and utilize current and future risk scenarios, 3. Strengthen financial capacity for resilience, 6. Strengthen institutional capacity for resilience, 7. Understanding and strengthening social competence for resilience, 8. Strengthen resilience of infrastructure. In addition, through this study, the risk factors faced by Incheon Metropolitan City could be identified by priority, resilience improvement measures to minimize disaster risks, urban safety-based urban development plans, available disaster reduction resources, and integrated disasters. Measures were prepared.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.288-292
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• 2012

The aim of the paper is to ameliorate old research methods of Korean Pharmaceutical Codex to adjust the newest scientistic level which is necessary to maintain quality of medical supplies effectively. After reviewing result of Establishment of Dissolution Specifications for Generic Drugs in Korea Pharmaceutical Codex Monograph, there are two items chosen for the methods - Establishment of Dissolution Specifications for Generic Drugs in Korea Pharmaceutical Codex Monograph which KFDA researched in 2010, arranged new measuring standard by having an experiment to set measuring method after obtaining each item. According to the result, The experiment includes a measuring method of two items; Nafronyl Oxalate Capsules, and Ticlopidine Hydrochloride Tablets. The research is ameliorated by research methods through several experiments such as High Performance Liquid Chromatography validation, preparing items, implement of trial-experiment and authentic experiment, and experiment on measuring method of regulations of Korea Pharmaceutical Codex. The experiments are taken opinions of experts in KFDA into consideration and wrote out a report of the new measuring method on each last item. The report is combined as each two experiment sections of analyzing method to maintain the quality on the basis of the research in 2010 on setting of dissolution specifications for oral solid dosage forms. The result of measuring method of medical supplies through modernizing trial method of oral solid dosage forms is available to be accurate. In conclusion, this study could contribute to promotion of public health by organizing a basis for safe and high quality of medical supplies in domestic market.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.557-562
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• 2007

This study was carried out to discriminate Hanwoo from the milking and hybrid cattle by detection of MC1R gene related to bovine hair color. One hundred sixty six samples were collected from the abattoir (n = 106) and local market (n = 60). The beef from abattoir were originated from Hanwoo (n=27), Holstein (n=29), Hybrid (n=45) and imported cattle (n=5), respectively. The beef from market consisted of Hanwoo (n=36), Holstein (n=7) and imported ones (n=17). Commercialized screening kit (Kogenebiotec, Korea) was used for MC1R gene analysis. As a result, Hanwoo was discriminated from Holstein. However, 9 of 45 hybrid and 11 of 22 imported beef samples were indistinguishable from Hanwoo. It could be explained by second generation of crossing of Hanwoo with Holstein or the cattle with silver or yellow hair. This results suggest that additional tests as well as MC1R gene detection be needed to confirm Hanwoo beef among cattle beef.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.509-519
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• 2017

The study focuses on 32 environmental facilities in Incheon Metropolitan City, South Korea, categorizes them by sector: sewage treatment, wastewater treatment, incineration, landfill, water purification, and water supply. Their GHG reduction results are analyzed through quantitative and qualitative measures for 2012 to 2015. The study surveys and examines GHG reductions of the environmental facilities for two categories - facility operation and management. The findings are as follows: First, the GHG reduction rate, an emission-to-allocation ratio, from 2012 to 2015 is 89.67%. Second, GHG reductions coming from qualitative measures of facility management are even greater than those from quantitative measures of facility operation. Third, GHG reductions through facility operation are mostly attributable to overhauls, less use of facilities, resources recycling, process improvement rather than the betterment of fuels, facilities and energy efficiency. Fourth, higher reduction can be achieved by effective facility management, qualitative measures.

• Mycobiology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.345-356
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• 2022

The fungal distribution, diversity, and load were analyzed in the geographically segregated island groundwater systems in Korea. A total of 79 fungal isolates were secured from seven islands and identified based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. They belonged to three phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Chlorophyta), five classes, sixteen orders, twenty-two families, and thirty-one genera. The dominant phylum was Ascomycota (91.1%), with most fungi belonging to the Cladosporium (21.5%), Aspergillus (15.2%), and Stachybotrys (8.9%) genera. Cladosporium showed higher dominance and diversity, being widely distributed throughout the geographically segregated groundwater systems. Based on the diversity indices, the genera richness (4.821) and diversity (2.550) were the highest in the groundwater system of the largest scale. As turbidity (0.064-0.462) increased, the overall fungal count increased and the residual chlorine (0.089-0.308) had low relevance compared with the total count and fungal diversity. Cladosporium showed normal mycelial growth in de-chlorinated sterilized samples. Overall, if turbidity increases under higher fungal diversity, bio-deterioration in groundwater-supplying facilities and public health problems could be intensified, regardless of chlorine treatment. In addition to fungal indicators and analyzing methods, physical hydrostatic treatment is necessary for monitoring and controlling fungal contamination.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.21-27
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• 2015

An introduction of landfill tax has been recently in issue in order to raise the financial resource for establishing waste resource-circulation society. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the plan of increasing energy recovery from waste at Incheon Metropolitan City, and to propose several points to be considered in terms of introducing the landfill tax. There are a lot of problems that impede energy recovery from waste at Incheon Metropolitan City, such as high-calorific waste from decrease of food waste to the municipal incineration plant, metals and batteries in the standard plastic garbage bag, etc. Alternative policies to solve these major problems have been drawn.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 2003

The purposes of this paper are to analysis the characteristics of urban structure and to provide the strategies of urban restructuring in Incheon. While old urban center has tended to decline, urban central functions have concentrated towards new suburban centers, outer regions of Incheon. The urbanization of Incheon to outer regions is continuing, together with the population growth. The basic directions of urban restructuring are the formation of network urban structure, the establishment of development designation district, the formation of development, and axises for urban regeneration. It is also suggested that the systematic strategies of urban restructuring need to consider the district development for globalization, the formation of new growth pole and development axises, the establishment of special theme street, and development to network city for global city.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07b
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• pp.697-700
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• 2004

The SBT$(Sr_{0.8}Bi_{2.4}Ta_2O_9)$ thin films for semiconductor device were deposited on Pt-coated $Pt/TiO_2/SiO_2Si$ wafer by RF magnetron sputtering method at $400[^{\circ}C]$ and annealed at the temperature range from $600[^{\circ}C]$ to $850[^{\circ}C]$. The top electrodes(Pt) were deposited on SBT thin film by DC sputtering method. The crystallinity of SBT thin films were increased with increase of annealing temperature in the temperature range of $600[{\circ}C]\sim850[^{\circ}C]$. The annealing temperature properties were to be most excellent in the case of annealed SBT thin film at $750^{\circ}C]$. And, the maximum remanent polarization$(2P_r)$ and the coercive electric field$(E_c)$ at annealing temperature of $750[^{\circ}C]$ obtained about $11.60[{\mu}C/cm^2]$ and 48[kV/cm], respectively. Specially, it was seen that fatigue properties does not change in $10^{10}$ switching cycle.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.183-204
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• 2001

This study is intended for the development of urgent facing strategies for the designation of a CFZ(Customs Free Zone) in Incheon city. First, it analyzes the current status of the Incheon CFZ. Next, it suggests several strategies for successfully growing the CFZ of Incheon City. Finally, it develops and proposes a method for establishing an integrated management system for the effective management of the CFZ. The key findings of this study are as follows: First, the CFZ should provide state-of-the-art movement of port logistics, create new added value caused by the movement of logistics, and provide other public support. The Incheon CFZ should be developed in three stages: an inducement stage in 2002-2005, a growth stage in 2005-2008, and an implementation stage in 2008-2011. Second, The parties responsible for the management of the CFZ would be as follows: for the port area, the Ministry of Maritime and Fisheries; for the back space of CFZ, Incheon City; and for port management, port management companies. However, a committee for CFZ management is strongly suggested for the improved efficiency and effectiveness of CFZ management. Furthermore, additional regulations ensuring the role of local government will likely be necessary for the sucessful designation and sustainable management of the CFZ. Third, For the creation of additional revenue, reformation of the current laws of the CFZ are recommended in the area of business administration. Fourth, A strategic marketing plan that supports the successful management of the companies of the CFZ will be a key component in the success of the CFZ. Thus, the new marketing plan should be developed in the near future based on case studies of other CFZs. Fifth A method for an integrated CFZ management system was developed and suggested for the comprehensive and transparent management of port logistics.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2007

A total of 60 samples (38 domestic honeys and 22 foreign honeys) were collected from October in 2003 to May in 2004 in Incheon metropolitan area, and contents of important quality-related components in honeys were analyzed using methods of Korea Food Code. Most of the honeys were satisfied with Korean limit (21%) in moisture content even though 4 samples brought by Korean travellers and 1 sample in domestic honey (wild flower) were higher than the limit. The lowest mean level of moisture in the honeys was imported foreign honeys (16.95%). All of the samples were below of 0.6% in the analysis of ash contents. The highest content was imported foreign honey (0.19%) while the lowest content was in domestic acacia honey (0.05%). Acidity of domestic honeys (9.49-9.94meq/kg) was approximately half of that in foreign honeys. All samples were satisfied with Korean limit (40.0meq/kg). In the analysis of fructose and glucose, only three samples of foreign honeys were lower than Korean limit (sum of both ; 65%). The content of sucrose in all samples was less than 7%. Mean of Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) contents were 12.83-24.3mg/kg in domestic honey, and 31.34-45.58mg/kg in foreign honey. However, three samples brought by Korean travellers were not satisfied with Korean limit (${\leq}80mg/kg$). In conclusion, quality of domestic honey was better than that of foreign honey. Also, it may be needed that the honeys purchased by Korean travellers in foreign countries should be continuously monitored.