• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.222-230
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• 2020

Maize grain quality can be improved by raising lysine content, which is an essential amino acid present in insufficient quantities in normal maize. Maize varieties with such modifications are known as quality protein maize (QPM). To date, no Korean maize cultivars contain high amounts of lysine. To introduce quality protein maize to Korean cultivars, we crossed QPM CIMMYT maize lines (CML) with KS140, an elite inbred line used as a parent of several cultivars such as 'Gangdaok' and 'Pyeonganok'. We analyzed the phenotypic characteristics of F₁ plants as well as the protein contents, amino acids, and fatty acids profiles of the self-pollinated seeds of the F₁ hybrids, and evaluated the feasibility of CML as a source of QPM. Days to anthesis of the CML ranged from 78 to 90 days after planting (DAP), whereas a range of 81~87 was recorded for F₁ hybrids. The average days to anthesis was 85 for KS140, CML, and the F₁ hybrids. The protein content of the CML was measured to be between 9.1 and 12.1%, with the highest and lowest values being recorded in CML153 and 191, respectively. The F₁ hybrids had protein contents of 9.1~11.1%, and the highest content was observed in KS141/CML188. The fatty acids profiles were very similar across all analyzed maize samples, and linoleic acid (C18:2) composed the greatest proportion. Glutamic acid made up the largest proportion of amino acids in all maize samples. Lysine composition was highest in CML155 (6.92% of all amino acids), with an average composition of 4.83% across the CML. In contrast, KS140 showed a lysine content of 2.51%. In F₁ hybrids, the average lysine composition was 3.46%, and KS140/CML164 (4.18%) and KS140/CML163 (4.99%) contained more lysine than either parent. Taken together, these results indicate that CML could become promising QPM sources to improve grain quality in Korean maize cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.408-413
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• 2008

Rice blast resistance is considered one of the most important traits in rice breeding and the disease, caused by Magnaporthe grisea Barr, has brought significant crop losses annually. Moreover, breakdown of resistance normally occurs in two to five years after cultivar release, thus a more durable resistance is needed for better control of this disease. We developed a new variety, Keumo3, which showed strong resistance to leaf blast. It was tested in 2003 to 2007 at fourteen blast nursery sites covering entire rice-growing regions of South Korea. It showed resistance reactions in 12 regions and moderate in 2 regions without showing susceptible reactions. Durability test by sequential planting method indicated that this variety had better resistance. Results showed that Keumo3 was incompatible against 19 blast isolates with the exception of KI101 by artificial inoculation. To understand the genetic control of blast resistance in rice cultivar Keumo3 and facilitate its utilization, recombinant inbred lines (RIL) consisting of 290 F5 lines derived from Akidagomachi/Keumo3 were analyzed and genotyped with Pizt InDel marker zt56591. The recombination value between the marker allele of zt56591 and bioassay data of blast nursery test was 1.1%. These results indicated that MAS can be applied in selecting breeding populations for blast resistance using zt56591 as DNA marker.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2006

Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria Standl.) has been used as a rootstock for the watermelon cultivation because of better growth ability at low temperature and avoidance from contamination of the soil disease. Since the genetic source for the elite rootstock is limited in nature, the genetic engineering method is inevitable to develop new lines especially to obtain the functionally important or multi-disease resistant bottle gourd. Recently, our lab has set up a successful system to transform the bottle gourd. in order to monitor the transformation process, GFP gene is used. Cotyledons of the inbred line 9005, 9006 and G5 were used to induce the shoot under the selection media with MS + 30 g/L sucrose + 3.0 mg/L BAP + 100 mg/L kanamycin + 500 mg/L cefotaxime + 0.5 mg/L $AgNO_3$, pH 5.8. The shoot was developed from the cut side of the explants after 3 weeks on the selection media. The shoot was incubated in the rooting media with 1/2 MS + 30 g/L sucrose + 0.1 mg/L IAA + 50 mg/L kanamycin + 500 mg/L cefotaxime, pH 5.8 and moved to pot for acclimation. Although the shoot development rate was depended on the genotype, the G5 was the best line to be transformed. Monitoring GFP expression from the young shoot under microscope could make the selection much easier to distinguish the transformed shoot from the non-transformed shoots.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2013

Yanganok, a new single cross variety, was developed by the maize breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2012. This hybrid, which has a high yield of grain was produced by crossing two inbred lines, KS164 and KS163. KS164 is the seed parent and KS163 is the pollen parent of Yanganok. It is a yellow-orange intermediate maize hybrid (Zea mays L.). After a preliminary yield trial and advanced yield trial of Yanganok (Suwon180) in Suwon for 2 years, a regional yield trial was carried out for its growth characteristics, and yields were determined at 4 different locations from 2009 to 2012, with the exception of 2010. It was named 'Yanganok'. The silking date of Yanganok is 2 days earlier than that of the check hybrid, Kwangpyeongok. Plant height of Yanganok is similar to Kwangpyeongok, but its ear height ratio is higher than that of Kwangpyeongok. It has resistance to lodging. Stay-green features of Yanganok are similar to those of Kwangpyeongok. The ear ratio of Yanganok is similar to Kwangpyeongok. It has moderate resistance to southern leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis) and strong resistance to northern leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum). It has moderate resistance to black streaked dwarf virus (BSDV), ear lot and corn borer. The dry matter yield of Yanganok, 17.45 ton/ha, was similar to that of Kwangpyeongok. The total digestible nutrients (TDN) yield of Yanganok, 11.96 ton/ha, was similar to that of Kwangpyeongok. The grain yield of Yanganok, 8.32 ton/ha was similar to that of Jangdaok. Seed production of Yanganok went well due to a good match during crossing between the seed parent, KS164, and the pollen parent, KS163, in Yeongwol, and F1 seed yield was 1.79 ton/ha. Yanganok would be a suitable cultivar to all plain areas in the Korean peninsula.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.203-208
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• 2012

Pyeongangok, a new single cross variety, is an yellow dent maize hybrid (Zea mays L.) developed by the maize breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2011. This hybrid, which has a high yield of grain and dry matter, was produced by crossing two inbred lines, KS160 and KS155. KS160 is the seed parent and KS155 is the pollen parent of Pyeongangok. Silking date of Pyeongangok is 2 days earlier than that of check hybrid, Jangdaok, and equal to that of another check hybrid, Kwangpyeongok. Plant height of Pyeongangok is longer than that of Jangdaok and similar to that of Kwangpyeongok. Ear numbers per 100 plants of Pyeongangok is more than that of Jangdaok. Ear length of Pyeongangok is shorter than that of Jangdaok. 100 seeds weight of Pyeongangok is lighter than that of Jangdaok. Ear rate of Pyeongangok is lower than that of Kwangpyeongok. Stay-green of Pyeonganok is not greatly different with that of Kwangpyeongok. It has moderately resistance to southern corn leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis), black streaked dwarf virus (BSDV) and corn borer. It has strong resistance to northern corn leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum). It has resistance to lodging. Pyeongangok was evaluated for the yields of grain and dry matter at four locations from 2009 to 2011. The yield of Pyeongangok in grain was 7.66 ton/ha. The yield of Pyeongangok in dry matter was 19.80 ton/ha. The yield of Pyeongangok in total digestible nutrient (TDN) was 13.32 ton/ha. Seed production of Pyeongangok has gone well due to a good match during crossing between the seed parent, KS160, and the pollen parent, KS155, in Yeongwol.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2014

Singwangok, a new single cross variety, was developed by the maize breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2012. This hybrid, consisting of a high yield of grain, was produced by crossing two inbred lines, KS172 and KS173. KS172 is the seed parent and KS173 is the pollen parent of Singwangok. It is a yellow-orange intermediate maize hybrid (Zea mays L.). After the preliminary yield trial and advanced yield trial of Singwangok (Suwon185) in Suwon for 2 years, the regional yield trial of that was subsequently carried out for its growth characteristics and yield at 3 different locations from 2010 to 2012. It was named as Singwangok. The silking date of Singwangok is similar to the check hybrid, Jangdaok. The plant height of Singwangok is similar to Jangdaok, but its ear height ratio is lower than that of Jangdaok. Moreover, it has a resistance to lodging. The ear number per 100 plants of Singwangok is more 17 than that of Jangdaok, whereas the ear length of Singwangok is similar to Jangdaok. Further, the weight of 100 seeds of Singwangok is similar to Jangdaok. It has a moderate resistance to southern leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis) and a strong resistance to northern leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum). Furthermore, it has a moderate resistance to the black streaked dwarf virus (BSDV), ear lot and corn borer. The grain yield of Singwangok, 7.81 ton/ha, was similar to that of Jangdaok. The seed production of Singwangok was well processed due to the good match during crossing between the seed parent, KS172 and the pollen parent, KS173, in Yeongwol; the F1 seed yield was 3.84ton/ha. Singwangok would be a suitable cultivar to all plain areas in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.390-396
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• 2010

A weedy rice, Ganghwaaengmi 11, shows high level of leaf blast resistance. The chromosomal number and locations of genes conferring the leaf blast resistance were detected by QTL (quantitative trait loci) analysis using SSR markers in the 120 RILs (recombinant inbred lines) derived from the cross between Nagdongbyeo and Ganghwaaengmi 11. Ganghwaaengmi 11 expressed compatibility with 20 of the 45 inoculated blast isolates, in contrast to Nagdongbyeo with 44 compatible isolates. To identify QTLs affecting partial resistance, RILs were assessed in upland blast nursery in three regions and inoculated with selected nine blast isolates. QTLs for resistance to blast isolates were identified on chromosomes 7, 11 and 12. Three QTLs associated with blast resistance in nursery test at three regions were also detected on chromosomes 7, 11 and 12. The QTL commonly detected on chromosome 12 was only increased blast resistance by Ganghwaaengmi 11 allele. This QTL accounted for 60.3~78.6% of the phenotypic variation in the blast nursery test. OSR32 and RM101 markers tightly linked to QTL for blast resistance on chromosome 12 might be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and gene pyramiding to improve the blast resistance of japonica rice.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.554-558
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• 2011

A single cross hybrid, 'Eolrukchal 1', is a bicolor waxy corn (Zea mays L.) developed by the maize breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2007. This hybrid, which has a high eating quality, was produced by crossing two inbred lines, KBW23 and KW33. KBW23 was a seed parent and KW33 was a the pollen parent of 'Eolrukchal 1'. Ear length and diameter of 'Eolrukchal 1' is 18.4 cm and 4.5 cm, respectively. The ratio of kernel set length/ear length is 89%, similar with that of a check hybrid, 'Chalok 1'. It is resistant to Exserohilum turcicum (Northern corn leaf blight) and its lodging resistance is higher than that of 'Chalok 1'. The yield of 'Eolrukchal 1' in fresh ear weight was 9.80 ton/ha and 14% higher than that of 'Chalok 1' in regional yield trials (RYT) from 2005 to 2007. A seed production of this hybrid has been well due to good match during crossing between the seed and the pollen parents. It is adaptable to the whole country except Jeju-do.