• 대한교통학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.511-524
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• 2017

본 연구는 정책평가수단으로써 활동기반모형의 활용가능성을 평가하고자, 유연근무제(근무시간유연제 & 재택근무제)에 관한 시나리오 분석을 통해 교통부문에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 먼저, 첨두시간대의 통근통행량 분산을 통한 교통 혼잡 완화를 제외하고 근무시간유연제 적용 시 활동-통행 특성에 있어서 뚜렷한 변화는 없다. 자가용을 이용한 총통행거리(vehicle kilometer of travel, VKT)는 인구집단별로 가구 및 개인 특성에 따른 제약요소의 정도에 따라 서로 다른 결과를 나타냈다. 재택근무제에 따른 영향은 통근통행의 축소로 통행빈도와 거리가 감소하며, 재택근무자의 활동영역이 주거지를 중심으로 전환되면서 비동력 수단을 이용한 단거리 통행이 증가하였다. 따라서 자가용을 이용한 VKT가 감소되는 결과를 가져오며, 다만 수단 전환(타 수단 ${\Leftrightarrow}$ 자가용), (자가용을 이용한) 비업무통행의 증가 등으로 인해 인구집단별 VKT의 감소폭은 서로 다른 양상을 보인다. 연구를 통해 다음의 몇 가지 사항을 확인하였다. 첫째, 업무의 효율성을 높이기 위한 유연근무제가 직장인의 가구 및 개인의 특성에 따라 일상생활에 서로 다른 결과를 가져올 수 있으므로 사전에 인구집단별로 정밀한 영향평가가 필요하다. 둘째, ABM을 이용한 정책 평가에서 전반적으로 현실성 있는 결과를 도출하여 긍정적 활용가능성을 보여주었다. 셋째, 일반적으로 기존 모형에서 불가능했던 시계열 분석, 인구집단별 분석을 통해 정책평가에 있어서 보다 정밀한 분석의 가능성을 보여주었다. 마지막으로, 추가적인 자료 보완과 함께 문헌연구와 전문가 의견 수렴을 통한 시나리오의 완성도를 높여 향후 연구 결과의 정확도와 신뢰도를 높이는 후속 작업이 필요하다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

Objective : Present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Gyungohkgo-gamibang extract on hair growth and protein expression in an alopecia model of C57BL/6 mice. Methods : Mice were divided into 3 experimental groups including normal (vehicle), Gyungohkgo-gamibang extract (YNS-10) and 5% minoxidil-treated group. The test materials were daily applied with 0.1 ml per mouse on shaved dorsal skin for 3 weeks. The hair growth was monitored by photograph at 5, 10, 15, 21 days after topical application. Then the changes of hair density and hair thickness in the hair-removed area were evaluated by phototrichogram using folliscope. Also the expression level of growth factors related to hair growth was measured by western blotting. Results : Application of minoxidil or YNS-10 stimulated the hair growth compared to vehicle treatment. Therefore hair density of minoxidil or YNS-10 application was increased about 200% and 210% more than in vehicle application on 14 day, respectively. And hair thickness of both minoxidil group and YNS-10 group was increased about 220% and 210 % more than in vehicle spreading on 14 day, respectively. Futhermore the protein expression of IGF-1 and VEGF were significantly up-regulated on 7 day in YNS-10 and minoxidil-spreaded group compared to vehicle-applied group. Conclusion : These data suggest that YNS-10 has potent stimulating activity on hair growth in C57BL/6 mice and potential usefulness as ingredients of hair tonic and hairrestore.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.411-423
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• 2018

본 연구는 제7기 1차 년도 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 이용하여 한국 성인의 자전거 음주운전과 차량 음주운전의 관련성 및 차량 음주운전에 미치는 영향요인을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사 연구였다. 연구대상자는 3,385명이었고, 한국 성인의 음주운전 경험률은 7.8%였다. 한국 성인의 자전거 음주운전과 차량 음주운전은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었고, 차량 음주운전의 영향요인은 자전거 음주운전, 유산소 신체활동, 1회 음주량, 폭음빈도, 음주운전 차량 동승횟수로 나타났다. 결론적으로 한국 성인의 차량 음주운전을 예방하기 위해 일상생활 및 직장생활에서 유산소 신체활동을 할 수 있도록 권장하고, 자전거 음주운전이 차량 음주운전으로 이어질 수 있음을 인식시켜야 하겠으며, 알코올 사용 장애자의 관리와 음주 전 차량운행에 대한 계획을 수립하는 것이 필요하다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2004

Traffic represents one of the largest sources of primary air pollutants in urban area. As a consequence, numerous abatement strategies are being pursued to decrease the ambient concentration of pollutants. A characteristics of most of the these strategies is a requirement for accurate data on both the quantity and spatial distribution of emissions to air in the form of an atmospheric emission inventory database. In the case of traffic pollution, such an inventory must be compiled using activity statistics and emission factors for vehicle types. The majority of inventories are compiled using passive data from either surveys or transportation models and by their very nature tend to be out-of-date by the time they are compiled. The study of current trends is towards integrating urban traffic control systems and assessments of the environmental effects of motor vehicles. In this study, a model of vehicle emission calculation by using real-time traffic data was studied. Traffic data, which are required on a street-by-street basis, is obtained from induction loops of traffic control system. It is possible that characteristics of hourly air pollutants emission rates is obtained from hourly traffic volume and speed. An emission rates model is allocated with a high resolution space by using geographic information system (GIS). Vehicle emission model was developed with a high resolution spatial, gridded and hourly emission rates.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.953-958
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• 2016

Chitosan-based film-forming gel is regarded as a promising vehicle for topical delivery of antimicrobial agents to skin wounds, since it protects from microbial infection and the cationic polymer itself possesses antibacterial activity. In this study, possible synergistic interaction against common skin pathogens between the cationic polymer and tyrothricin (TRC), a cyclic polypeptide antibiotic, was investigated, by determining the concentration to inhibit 90% of bacterial isolates (MIC). The addition of the polysaccharide to TRC dramatically reduced the MIC values of TRC by 1/33 and 1/4 against both methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The synergism of TRC and chitosan combination against both strains was demonstrated by the checkerboard method, with a fractional inhibitory concentration index below 0.5. Moreover, co-treatment of TRC and chitosan exhibited antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, due to the antibacterial activity of chitosan, whereas TRC itself did not inhibit the gram-negative bacterial growth. These findings suggested that the use of chitosan-based film for topical delivery of TRC could be an alternative to improve TRC antimicrobial activity against strains that are abundant in skin wounds.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2007

Curcumin, a dietary pigment responsible for the yellow color of curry, has been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and exhibits a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti- inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, and anti-viral activity. In order to examine the potency of the curcumin in inflammation we used carrageenan induced rat hind paw odema model. As curcumin is practically water insoluble, it is hypothesized that pharmacological activity of curcumin could be improved by enhancing its water solubility. Water soluble complexes of curcumin with cyclodextrins were prepared and screened for greater solubility. Pure curcumin 100 mg/kg body weight along with curcumin complexes equivalent to 100 mg/kg body weight of pure curcumin were tested for the anti-inflammatory activity in Wister rats male rats using carrageenan induced hind paw edema model and compared with that of the reference compound diclofenac sodium at a dose level of 10 mg/kg body weight. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. All the treatment groups showed statistically significant anti-inflammatory activity compared with that of vehicle control and positive control.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.391-396
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• 2009

The percentage of those aged 60 and over is 43.5% among our country's 3,186 thousands farming population, so farm village is getting aging society rapidly. Moreover agricultural competitiveness has being weakened due to labor shortage by degradation in quality of labor configuration from elderly porson. For realisms easy workability, we developed a motor vehicle for agricultural activity. The vehicle has an automatic guidance system which could follows a track of magnetic tape on the floor for easy moving to given working position. We collected data from two guidance sensors, located on front and rear end of the vehicle and calculated displacement and angle deviation from the track. This traveling system was stably controlled with processing information deflection S, angle of deviation, D and angle velocity, Vt = $k_1D$ - $k_2S$ from two guidance sensors attached on front and rear of th motor vehicle. Also this system have been tested under various condition of $k_1$, $k_2$ for comparison on both stepped and turning routes. The results show that traveling performance is best at $k_1$=0.7, $k_2$=3.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.99-111
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• 1996

In today's highly automated aircraft, the role of the pilot has changed from an airplane controller to a system manager. As a system manager in a cockpit, today's pilot is in charge of a management-level activity called cockpit task management( CTM). According to earlier studies, pilot errors in performing CTM activities were significant factors in a large number of aircraft accidents and incidents. The primary objective of this research was to reduce CTM-related pilot errors. A prototype pilot- vehicle interface called the cockpit task management system (CTMS) was developed and its effectiveness in improving CTM performance was evaluated. After the CTMS was implemented, it was integrated into a PC-based flight simulator to perform an experiment to evaluate its effectiveness. Eight volunteer subjects were used to collect performance data. The results of the experiment indicated that a statistically significant improvement was observed when the subjects flew with the assistance of the CTMS.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.521-527
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• 2011

Korea announced GHG reduction goal, 30% reduction compare with 2020 BAU and reduction target for each industry sector is planning. Transportation sector also trying to make effective technical and political counterplan of allocated GHG reduction target such as material lightening, energy efficiency improvement and Modal shift technology and so on. Modal Shift is shifting low energy efficiency vehicle to high energy efficiency vehicle which is economically meaningful under current market conditions. We can get not only energy efficiency improvement but also GHG reduction effect through modal shift. Modal Shift is effectively applying and studied in logistics field in Europe and Japan and one of the Indian companies has been registered CDM project activity involving modal shift from roadways to railways for finished goods. In this study, the scenarios are developed with detail modal shift ratio and fuel type base on state of road and rail use and GHG emission factor for each fuel type from MLTM. This result can be used as basic information to improve policies and promote increasing use of train which is more environment friendly transportation vehicle.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was conducted to determine if Scutellaria baicalensis can be used in cosmetic emulsion cream for patients with atopic dermatitis. Methods : Scutellaria baicalensis extract was obtained with the use of butylene glycol through the pressurized solvent extraction(PSE). The antioxidative activity was assessed through SOD-like activity measurement and skin irritating potential was tested using human patch test. Antimicrobial activity was measured by the clear zone formed against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the rheological effects on the emulsion creams were examined using oscillation test. Results : The SOD-like activity increased dose-dependently and was about 90% at 1,000ppm of Scutellaria baicalesis extract. And Scutellaria baicalensis extract did not show any potential to be irritating to the human skin, but it could not be used as an antimicrobial agent for its poor antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The complex modulus decreased by 1,000 pascals and the loss angle also decreased by 20% with the addition of Scutellaria baicalensis extract into the cosmetic emulsion creams, that is, the extract can confer more elastic property on the vehicle. Conclusion : From those results, Scutellaria baicalensis extract can be effectively used as an antioxidant and reinforces the elastic skincare film formed by the application of cream for patients with atopic dermatitis.