• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.249-255
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• 1996

In this paper, a in situ hybridization(ISH) has been used to investigate the yield of viral RNA expression from each organ tissues. It is studied to establish a rapidly, specific diagnostic method detecting rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus(RHDV) RNA in 10% formalin-fixed, paraffin-em-bedded tissues of naturally RHDV-infected rabbits using oligonucleotide probe to be made by RHDV total sequences. Biotin was used as the oligonucleotide probe marker. in situ hybridization is detected the virus genome in the cells and tissue as specifically compared with others nucleic acid hybridization method. All ISH procedure of RHDV were completed to Mi-croProbe$^{TM}$ capillary action system within 1-2 hours. In this report, RHDV was distributed widely in the cytoplasm of liver cell and the cortex of kidney but lung tissue and medulla of kidney were showed to positive reaction at locally. Although not entirely free of technical limitations, nucleic acid identification holds advantages over other diagnostic tests, including exquisite sensitivity, specificity, interchangeability and speed. It is expected that, in the immediate future viral nucleic acid detection will be a prominent part of the methods used in histopathology.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.170-179
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• 1997

A noble technique has been developed for fabricating in situ formed $TiC_p/Al$ composites. In this process, fairly stable TiC particles were in situ synthesized in liquid aluminum by the interfacial reaction between an Al-Ti melt and SiC, which is a comparatively unstable carbide from the view-point of thermodynamics. It is possible in the present process to generate TiC particles of nearly 1 ${\mu}m$ in diameter, even utilizing SiC of 14 ${\mu}m$ as raw material. However, the dispersion behavior of TiC particles in the matrix depends on the size of the raw material SiC. Decomposing finer SiC makes the dispersion of TiC particles more uniform and the mechanical properties of composites are improved accordingly. The structure of in situ composites and their mechanical properties are affected by the fabrication temperature and the stirring time. It has been found that the most suitable condition for fabrication should be applied depending on the size of the raw material, even if the same kinds of carbide are used. Furthermore, although Al-Ti-Si system intermetallic compounds are detected in a $TiC_p/Al-Si$ composite which is fabricated by conventional melt-stirrng method, these compounds can not be observed in a $TiC_p/Al-Si$ composite made by this in situ production method. Hence the mechanical properties of the in situ $TiC_p/Al-Si$ composite are superior to those of the conventional $TiC_p/Al-Si$ composites.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.167-171
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• 2004

Reduction in the leakage of the amplified PCR product out of cell is required for effective in situ PCR. For this purpose, primers with complementary tail sequences at their 5' sides were utilized to synthesize high molecular weight PCR products, but it is time-consuming and causes deterioration of cellular appearance with many PCR cycles. Therefore, it is required to optimize the PCR condition with minimal PCR cycles. To achieve the pur-pose, primer polymers were made without the target DNA in tube from nonspecific amplification with tailed primers and treated onto the fixed Molt/LAV cells on the glass slide for the 20 cycle-in situ PCR, in which the appropriate target signals were observed for the possible use of primer polymers in in situ PCR.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.307-311
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• 2017

ZnO:Al thin films were deposited on glass substrate by RF magnetron sputtering followed by in situ heat treatment in the same chamber. Effects of in situ heat treatment on properties of ZnO:Al thin films were investigated in this study. As heat treatment temperature was increased, crystal quality was improved first and then it was deteriorated, surface roughness was decreased, and sheet resistance was also decreased. The decrease in sheet resistance was caused by increasing carrier concentration due to decreased surface roughness. The decrease in surface roughness resulted in increase of transmittance. Therefore, in situ heat treatment is an effective method for obtaining films with better electrical characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2018

This paper provided the information related to the removal of 2,4,6-tribromophenol using in-situ and stable liquid ferrates(VI). This research's goal was to observe the differences of oxidation power between in-situ liquid ferrate(VI) and stable liquid ferrate(VI). The in-situ liquid ferrate(VI) ($FeO_4{^{2-}}$) has been successfully produced with the concentration 42,000 ppm (Fe) after 11 minutes of reaction time. The stable liquid ferrate(VI) was also successfully produced following the modification method by Sharma with the produced concentrations 7,000 ppm. The stable liquid ferrate(VI) was stable for 44 days and slightly decreased afterwards. This research has been carried out using 2,4,6-tribromophenol as the representative compound. Both of ferrates(VI) have the highest oxidation capability at the neutral condition. Furthermore, the stable liquid ferrate(VI) has higher oxidation power than the in-situ liquid ferrate(VI).

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.147-155
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• 2011

The ceramic coatings are excellent materials of cutting tools and sliding parts. To evaluate the wear characteristics of very thin ceramic coated layer, it is very important to investigate its wear process microscopically. An effective method for investigating the wear of a thin layer is the observation of wear process in microscopic detail using in-situ system. In this study, using the SEM Tribosystem as in-situ system, the microscopic wear mode of TiN coatings was investigated in repeated sliding. As results, four modes were observed for TiN coatings: Ploughing, powder formation, flake formation and coating delimitation. The observation of the microscopic wear by in-situ system can clarify the allowable stress of TiN coating.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.16 no.3 s.93
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• pp.210-214
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• 2007

Manufacturing bulk nanostructured materials with least grain growth from initial powders is challenging because of the bottle neck of bottom-up methods using the conventional powder metallurgy via compaction and sintering. In the study, densification behavior of nano Cu powders during pressureless sintering was investigated using an in-situ optical dilatometer technique. The initial heating and steady temperature stages during the sintering of nano Cu powder compacts were observed. At the initial heating stage, the powder compact has many porosities and full densification needs high temperature and/or high pressure sintering. In the experimental analysis, changes in geometry and density were measured and discussed for optimal consolidation and densification by the in-situ optical dilatometer.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.135-138
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• 2007

In this study, we investigated the electro-optical (EO) characteristic of fringe-field switching (FFS) mode cell by the two kinds of ultraviolet (UV) alignment method on the organic thin film (polyimide: PI). The suitable organic layers for FFS cell and the aligning capabilities of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) using the in-situ photoalignment method were studied; Disclination is observed after conventional photoalignment method for 1h, and in-situ photoalignment method for 1h. Monodomain alignment of the NLC can be observed via insitu photo alignment method for 2 h and 3 h. It is considered that NLC alignment is due to photo-depolymerization of the polymer with oblique non-polarized UV irradiation on PI surface. An unstable V-T curve of UV-aligned FFS-LCD with conventional photoalignment method can be achieved. However, a stable V-T curve of UV-aligned FFS-LCD with in-situ photoalignment method (1 h), and V-T curve of UV-aligned FFS-LCD with in-situ photo alignment method was much stable comparing with that of other UV-aligned FFSLCD's. As a result, more stable EO performance of UV-aligned FFS-LCD with in-situ photoalignment method for 3h is obtained than that of the other UV-aligned FFS-LCD's.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.29 no.12 s.243
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• pp.1307-1312
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• 2005

Turbulent in-situ mixing process is a new material process technology to get dispersed phase in nanometer size by controlling reaction of liquid/liquid, liquid/solid and liquid/gas, flow and solidification speed simultaneously. In this study mixing, the key technology to this synthesis method will be studied by computational fluid dynamics. For the simulation of mixing of liquid metal, static mixers will be investigated. Two inlets for different liquid metal meet and merge like 'Y' shape tube. The tube has various shapes such as straight and curved. Also, the radius of curve will be varied. The performance of mixer will be evaluated with quantitative analysis with coefficient of variance of mass fraction. Also, detailed plots of intersection will be presented to understand effect of mixer shape on mixing.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1992.04a
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• pp.114-119
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• 1992

The main disadvantages of destructive testing methods are the delay in obtaining test results, the relatively high cost of testing, and the lack of reproducibility in the test results. As a result, nondestructive testing methods are generally used. There are three objectives in this paper. The first is to determine the equations of the compressive strength of concrete estimated by Schmidt hammer technique, ultrasonic pulse velocity method and combined method respectively in laboratory. The second is to determine the correction factors according to the concrete age which affects most in evaluating the compressive strength of in-situ concrete. The third is to examine the applicability of the equations to evaluation of the compressive strength of in-situ concrete structures.