• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.593-606
• /
• 2015

This study was intended to develop Korean Environmental Sustainable City Index (ESCI) so that local governments can examine and identify urban environment issues and then come up with a policy to improve the environment and urban biodiversity for cities. Green City Index (GCI), Environmental Performance Index (EPI), and City Biodiversity Index (CBI) which have used worldwide were analyzed. Based on the result of analysis, evaluation indicators of ESCI were finally a total of 20 indicators under four categories, which are native biodiversity, living environment, ecosystem services, and governance and management. Then, five cities with biotope mapping and evaluation index were selected to apply ESCI for evaluation. In order to apply ESCI, local governments need to accumulate basic data. There should be a policy which requires local governments to build data for biotope mapping so that the rate of natural area, ecological network and permeable land surface can be evaluated. Indicators must be applied to be compliant with scale of the city and level of data building gradually.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.335-344
• /
• 2018

As the damage caused by the abnormal climate due to climate change is increasing, the interest in resilience is increasing as a countermeasure to this. In this study, the resilience of Suwon city was examined and the plan to improve the resilience were derived against climate impacts such as drought, heatwave, and heavy rain. Urban resilience is divided into social resilience (e.g. vulnerable groups, access to health services, and training of human resources), economic resilience (e.g. housing stability, employment stability, income equality, and economic diversity), urban infrastructure resilience (e.g.residential vulnerability, capacity to accommodate victims, and sewage systems), and ecological resilience (e.g. protection resources, sustainability, and risk exposure). The study evaluated the urban resilience according to the selected indicators in local level. In this study, the planning elements to increase the resilience in the urban dimension were derived and suggested the applicability. To be a resilient city, the concept and value of resilience should be included in urban policy and planning. It is critical to monitor and evaluate the process made by the actions in order to continuously adjust the plans.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.119-130
• /
• 2011

This paper measures and analyzes the performance of insurance companies in Korea in respect to sustainable development and suggest strategic implications based on the analysis. The correlation, regression, ANOVA, and t-test are employed. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, it shows tat social index is important in the life insurance industry; however, the environmental index, is important in the non-life insurance industry. Second, the result gained by regressing the size and financial soundness on the performance of sustainable development demonstrates that the size variable is statistically significant. It suggests that size is a necessary condition for sustainable development. Finally, ANOVA shows that the small and medium sized companies have a significantly poor performance compared to the large companies concerning the social index and reputation index in the life insurance industry. The small and medium sized companies in the non-life insurance industry exhibit a significantly poor performance compared to the large companies in respect to all the indexes, except for the social index. Therefore, the small and medium sized companies make every endeavor in the poor indexes to improve performance.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2016

Purpose - A growing demand for sustainability reporting has placed pressure on firms with non-financial information that affects firm valuation, growth, and development. In particular, a number of researchers have investigated various topics in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), non-financial information. Prior studies suggest that CSR may affect corporate outcomes like corporate reporting, financial performance, and disclosures. However, the results from prior studies are not clear whether CSR affects corporate outcomes. This is partially due to the measurement issues with CSR. In this study, we examine whether CSR affects the quality of corporate reporting, one of the popular measures in corporate outcomes. We find an evidence that CSR positively affects the quality of corporate reporting. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, we collected a unique dataset of CSR from MSCI. Total 169 firms listed in the Korean Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2014 were collected and analysed with the detailed CSR reports. Using a correlation test, we found a weak association between CSR and the quality of corporate reporting. However, the regression tests provided a strong relationship between CSR and the quality of corporate reporting after controlling for other variables that may affect the quality of corporate reporting. Additionally, we calculated the t-statistics based on heteroskedaticity-consistent standard errors (White, 1980). Results - Before we run the regression test, we sort the measures of the two dependent variables into each rating of CSR (from AAA to CCC). The results indicate that the quality of corporate reporting measured by discretionary accruals and performance-matched discretionary accruals monotonically decrease as the CSR ratings increase. This supports our hypothesis. In the regression tests, the coefficient on MJDA (PMDA) is -0.183 (-0.173) and significant at the 5% level. We can interpret the results as CSR affecting the quality of corporate reporting in positive ways. Other coefficients on control variables are consistent with prior studies. For example, the coefficients on both LOSS and LEV are positive and significant at conventional level, meaning that firms with financial difficulty may harm their quality of corporate reporting. Conclusion - We found an evidence that CSR is positively associated with the quality of corporate reporting. This study contributes to the literature in various ways. First, this study extends the line of CSR research by providing additional evidence in the setting of ethical behaviors by managements. This is consistent with the hypothesis and supports the results of prior studies. Second, to the best of my knowledge, this is the first study using the MSCI CSR ratings. In contrast with prior studies using different measures of CSR, the MSCI CSR ratings allow us to provide in-depth analysis. Third, the additional measure of dependent variable (PMDA) allows us to improve the robustness of our results. Overall, the results provided this study to extend the findings in prior studies by providing incremental evidence.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.727-736
• /
• 2010

This paper describes results of an preliminary study to produce strain hardening cement-based composites (SHCCs)with consideration of sustainability for infrastructure applications. The aims of this study are to evaluate the influence of recycled materials on the mechanical characteristics of SHCCs, such as compressive, four-point bending, and direct tensile behaviors, and to give basic data for constitutive model for analyzing and designing infra structures with SHCCs. In this study, silica sand, cement, and PVA fibers, were partially replaced with recycled sand, fly-ash, and FET fibers in the mixture of SHCCs, respectively. Test results indicated that fly-ash could improve both bending and direct tensile performance of SHCCs due to increasing chemical bond strength at the interface between PVA fibers and cement matrices. However, SHCCs replaced with PET fibers showed much lower performance in bending and direct tensile tests due to originally low mechanical properties of own fibers, although compressive behavior is similar to PVA2.0 specimen. Also, it was noted that the recycled sand would increase elastic modulus of SHCCs due to larger grain size compared to silica sand. Based on pre-set target value to maintain the performance of SHCCs, it was concluded that the replacement ratio below 20% of fly-ash or below 50% of recycled sands would be desirable for creating sustainable SHCCs.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.431-449
• /
• 2020

Structural property of most hydrogels is soft, resulting in low mechanical performance that limits their usage in the biomedical applications. For overcoming the drawback, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were adopted in this study. Effects of CNCs on characteristics and drug delivery performance of poly (vinyl alcohol) based hydrogels were explored. FT-IR results showed that the fabricated hydrogels had semi-IPN (semi-interpenetrating polymer network) by formation of acetal and aldehyde bridge. Water absorption and swelling ratio decreased with increasing CNCs content, and the hydrogels with CNCs showed better viscoelastic performance than the without CNCs. Also, CNCs mostly improved the ability of the hydrogel to absorb the drug and the sustainability of the drug release. These results demonstrated that incorporating CNCs into the hydrogel systems can be a good alternative to improve drug delivery performance and mechanical property of the hydrogels.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.236-246
• /
• 2014

Deep Sea Water (DSW) has recently drawn attention due to the considerable benefits provided by low-temperature, various minerals included, purity and safety of the water resource. Since Korean DSW-industry initiated exploitation of the alternative water resource in 2008, it merely took off, but remains in the infant stage. It is mainly because the industry has only focused on production of drinkable bottled water, and failed to improve sustainability and competitiveness. On the contrary, not a few oversea DSW industries (e.g. Japanese and Taiwanese DSW industries) have successfully cultivated their markets, and have become leading cases of the industry. The common success factors learned from the cases are as follows; 1) They continuously invest on technology innovation, introduce new DSW-based products, and increase the usability of DSW in various areas of products and services, and 2) they strategically focus on high value-added products rather than just bottled water products. This paper examines the cases of the advanced DSW industries and analyzes patent data and their technology-based development strategies.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2011

Health care service's added value and sustainability has been formed, through the product developing about sports equipment and special equipment for disabled in order to improve the life quality, with the increasing population of elderly and the attention about health care. This research's design and 3 testing sections has been done according to design process for design development of functional bike. 1st test is done through researching from 4 aspects: structure, aesthetic, function and using. In the 2nd testing, 10 universal design items were used to evaluate 10 modeling samples, and sample F which has high evaluation overall was chosen. In 3rd test, evaluation was done from the user service scene about the mock-up with 1/4 scale size. PPP (product performance program) which is constructed with 60 evaluation items about functional bike's service was tested, and these items were fixed through discussing with experts. Through the result we knew the aesthetic elements had relationship with proportion, unity and typicality. In 10 items (55 survey items), the scores of items with physical exposure's minimization, simple and intuitively usage showed high, on the contrary, the other items' scores was very low, such as information delivery's consideration and thought, failure preventing. The evaluation will be done once more by health care experts, designers and elderly together if the physical model could be made for getting accurate measurement about above test result in the future.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 2020

South Korea started to actively participate in the ODA project across Asia, Africa, the Middle East, CIS countries, and Latin America as it transitioned from a country receiving developmental aid to a donor country. As more and more recipient countries are looking into the e-government model of South Korea, a new approach to the Korean model is being investigated. Various promotions were made, ranging from the implementation of the e-government ODA project, review of its feasibility to evaluation of the results. In order to improve and maximize performance management OD projects, it is necessary to look into the analysis of its follow-up results. In this study, practical performance management and policy implications were explored, focusing on the e-government ODA project. In particular, a case study analysis was attempted with focus on the Nigerian e-government project promoted as part of the project. It focused on Korea's e-government linkage process, implementation procedures and strategies applied when establishing the e-government master plan and suggested the necessity of an approach suitable for new environmental changes. In terms of sustainability of the ODA project, it is necessary to build a Korean e-government model that reflects the new intelligence information technology.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2013

The remodeling of long-tern public rental housing (LPRH) have been acknowledged followed by the introduction of th Act of the Life Quality Improvement of the Residents in Long-tern Public Housing. Likewise, the feasible direction of LPRH remodeling should be discussed in order to improve the quality of life of the dwellers and housing facilities. Therefore a purpose of this study is to suggest the remodeling types for increasing their quality of life with regard to sustainability of remodeling. To do so this study employs various cases of public housing remodeling from the UK, France and USA and performed quantitative research that was subject to the residents in 9 LPRH in Seoul and Gyeong-gi. The findings of the analysis demonstrate that comprehensive and sustainable remodeling considering both physical and social environment factors are needed, and that the residents have needs of improvement of deteriorated facilities and negative perception of the public on LPRH. With regard to this, seven types of the LPRH remodeling types are drawn on the combination between physical and social environment factors. Thus it is expected that the types will ultimately be able to increase of the quality of the life of the residents and guarantee sustainable remodeling.