• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.1470-1471
• /
• 2007

The mutual coupling between the current and potential measuring wires makes serious effect on the measurement of the ground impedance. For analyzing the effect of mutual coupling, we compared the ground impedance measured on site with the ground impedance calculated with MATLAB. When the parallel length is 10 [m], the measured ground impedance is similar with the calculated ground impedance. As the parallel length is extended over 10 [m], the error between measured ground impedance and calculated ground impedance is also increased on a large scale. We analyzed the mutual coupling by the frequency and present the inaccuracy of ground impedance quantitatively.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제57권7호
• /
• pp.1223-1228
• /
• 2008

While a high frequency source is used for measuring the ground impedance, there are several factors having an effect on the measured value. A primary factor of the measurement error is the ac mutual coupling between current and potential test leads. The mutual coupling causes the test current to induce a voltage into the potential test lead that adds to the actual ground potential rise and produces a significant measurement error as the length of the test leads paralleled is prolonged. In order to avoid the mutual coupling, it is recommended that the ground impedance be measured by angled arrangement of test leads. The mutual impedance due to the inductive coupling with an angle of $90^{\circ}$ was calculated at $0^{\circ}$ by Campbell/Foster Method. With an angle of $180^{\circ}$, the mutual impedance was calculated large value enough to introduce a fairly large margin of error, however, the measured value of ground impedance was close to the value at $90^{\circ}$.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.57-61
• /
• 2015

In this paper wireless power transmission system based on magnetic resonance coupling circuit was carried out. With the research objectives based on the mutual coupling model, mathematical expressions of optimal coupling coefficients are examined. Equivalent circuit parameters are calculated by Maxwell software, and the equivalent circuit was solved by Matlab software. The power transfer efficiency of the system was derived by using the electrical parameters of the equivalent circuit. System efficiency was analyzed depending on the different air gap values for various characteristic impedances. Hence, magnetic resonance coupling involves creating a resonance and transferring the power without radiating electromagnetic waves. As the air gap between the coils increased the coupling between the coils were weakened. The impedance of circuit varied as the air gap changed, affecting the power transfer efficiency.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.2-8
• /
• 2002

This paper discusses haptic display for grasping a virtual object by two fingers. Much research has been done on fundamental analysis for stability of haptic display. But it is difficult to apply the results immediately to grasping situations by two fingers, since the studies usually deal with a single device and a single object and the fingertip force in grasping situations has two components, internal and external components. The conventional methods, which specify the coupling impedance at each contact point separately, have no other alternative but to specify the impedance for the sum of the internal and external components. So even if only the impedance for the external force should be changed, the impedance for the internal force is also changed at the same time. In this paper, a new method, in which the coupling impedance is specified separately for the internal and external forces, is proposed and the stability of the proposed method is discussed using passivity analysis for 1 -DOF(Degree-Of-Freedom) system. Finally, some experiments are performed to study the effects of the proposed method.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국조명전기설비학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.313-316
• /
• 2008

This paper presents the error factors of Fall-of-potential test method used in measurements of the grounding-system impedance. This test methods inherently can introduce two possible errors in the measurements of grounding-system impedance: (1) ground mutual resistance due to current flow through ground from the ground electrode to the current probe, (2) ac mutual coupling between the current test lead and the potential test lead. The errors of ground mutual resistances and ac mutual coupling are expressed by the equation in calculating grounding impedance. These equations were calculated by Matlab that is commercial tool using mathematical calculation. The results of calculation were applied to correct grounding impedance.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.738-747
• /
• 2000

본 논문에서 낮은 주파수 영역에서는 약 결합된 meander line은 근사적으로 단일 전송선으로 취급할 수 있음을 증명하였다. 이 때 meander line의 특성 impedance는 이 meander line에서 coupling을 무시할 때 단일전송선의 특성 impedance와 같으며, 반면 이것의 등가길이는 coupling없이 계산된 길이에 비해서는 수축되는 것을 보았다. 얻어진 해석적 결과는 회로 simulation 결과와 비교되었으며 또한 EM simulation 결과와 비교결과 결과식은 약 결합시에는 잘 일치하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.199-201
• /
• 2001

The phase noise reduction in a configuration of the HEMT oscillator with a dielectric resonator coupled by a quarter-wavelength impedance inverter is investigated. Two HEMT oscillators for a satellite payload system are manufactured in the same configuration except for the coupling configuration of the dielectric resonator (DR) in order to empirically demonstrate the phase noise reduction. Experimental result shows that a phase noise reduction by 14 dB can be enhanced by increasing the characteristic impedance of a coupling microstrip impedance inverter.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.85-97
• /
• 2009

As operating frequency is raised and as more integration with active and passive elements is required, it becomes difficult to fabricate more than 120 ${\Omega}$ characteristic impedance of a mierostrip line. To solve this problem, an equivalent high impedance transmission-line section is suggested, which consists mainly of a pair of coupled-line sections with two shorts. However, it becomes a transmission-line section only when its electrical length is fixed and its coupling power is more than half. To have transmission-line characteristics(perfect matching), independently of coupling power and electrical length, two identical open stubs are added and conventional design equations of evenand odd-mode impedances are modified, based on the fact that the modified design equations have the linear combinations of conventional ones. The high impedance transmission-line section is a passive component and therefore should be perfectly matched, at least at a design center frequency. For this, two different solutions are derived for the added open stub and two types of high impedance transmission-line sections with 160 ${\Omega}$ characteristic impedance are simulated as the electrical lengths of the coupled-line sections are varied. The simulation results show that the determination of the available bandwidth location depends on which solution is chosen. As an application, branch-line hybrids with very weak coupling power are investigated, depending on where an isolated port is located, and two types of branch-line hybrids are derived for each case. To verify the derived branch-line hybrids, a microstrip branch-line hybrid with -15 dB coupling power, composed of two 90$^{\circ}$ and two 270$^{\circ}$ transmission-line sections, is fabricated on a substrate of ${\varepsilon}_r$= 3.4 and h=0.76 mm and measured. In this case, 276.7 ${\Omega}$ characteristic impedance is fabricated using the suggested high impedance transmission-line sections. The measured coupling power is -14.5 dB, isolation and matching is almost perfect at a design center frequency of 2 GHz, showing good agreement with the prediction.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 DRAM 모듈의 전원 평면에 대한 효과적인 설계 방법을 제시하였고 그 방법은 다음과 같이 세 단계로 구성되어 있다. 1) PEEC 등가회로를 이용한 2D 전송선 구조로 전원평면의 모델링 및 해석. 2) 측정값 비교를 통한 해석 결과 검증. 3) 전원 평면의 물리적 파라미터를 이용한 설계 가이드 제시. 제시한 내용을 바탕으로 하여 DRAM 모듈에서 전원 및 접지평면 성능을 안정화를 이루기 위한 효과적인 De-coupling 커패시터의 용량과 개수를 결정하는 방법을 기술하였다 이 설계 방법론은 스트립 구조 및 do-coupling 커패시터를 갖는 DRAM 모듈에서 효과적으로 사용할 수 있다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.240-244
• /
• 2013

In this paper, we present an improvement of a closed-form formula for mutual impedance computation. Depending on the center-to-center spacing between two rectangular microstrip patch antennas, the mutual impedance formula is separated into two parts. The formula based on synthetic asymptote and variable separation is utilized for spacings of more than 0.5 ${\lambda}_0$. When the spacing is less than 0.5 ${\lambda}_0$, an approximate formula is proposed to improve the computation for closely spaced elements. Simulation results are compared to computational results of mutual impedances and mutual coupling coefficients as functions of normalized center-to-center spacing in both E- and H-plane coupling configurations. A good agreement between simulation and computation is achieved.