• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1457-1461
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• 2012

Purpose: Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading worldwide source of cancer-related deaths. Although some drugs targeting EGFR mutations have been developed, most advanced cases are still incurable. New targets for anticancer drugs are demanded. The kringle 1 domain of hepatocellular growth factor alpha chain (HGFK1) is a potent anti-angiogenesis factor. It has also emerged as a potential anticancer factor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression of HGFK1 protein in patients with NSCLC has not been reported to date. Method: Here, we assessed HGFK1 expression by Western blotting in 103 cases with advanced NSCLC to investigate the impact of HGFK1 on survival. Results: Results revealed 33 (30.1%) patients were classified as high expressors, this being significantly associated with less remote metastasis (P = 0.002) but not with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.062). There was also a significant association between HGFK1 expression and tumor size (P = 0.025) as well as clinical stage (P = 0.012). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that both overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) of patients with HGFK1 expression were longer than those of patients without HGFK1 expression (P = 0.004 and P = 0.001 respectively). HGFK1 reversed gefitinib inhibition in the resistent NSCLC cell line A431/GR but did not inhibit the proliferation of NSCLC cells A431 and A431/GR directly. Reversion of gefitinib inhibition in A431/GR cells by HGFK1 was related to decreased phosphorylation of ERK and STAT5. Conclusions: HGFK1 may be a useful prognostic factor of advanced NSCLC patients and a potential drug for gefitinib resistant patients.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.220-230
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Excessive metals in the soil have become one of the most significant environmental problems. Phytoremediation has received considerable attention as a method for restoring the contaminated soils. The microbes having remarkable metal tolerance and plant growth-promoting abilities could also play a significant role in remediation of metal-contaminated soils, because bioaugmentation with such microbes could promote phytoextraction of metals. Therefore, the present study was focused on evaluating the phytoextraction of heavy metals (Co, Pb and Zn) in Helianthus annuus (sunflower) induced by bioaugmentation of a phosphate solubilizing bacterium. METHODS AND RESULTS: A phosphate solubilizing bacterium was isolated from metal-contaminated soils based on the greater halo size (>3 mm) with solid NBRIP agar medium containing 10 g glucose, 5 g $Ca_3(PO_4)_2$, 5 g $MgCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$, 0.25 g $MgSO_4.7H_2O$, 0.2 g KCl, 0.1 g $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ in 1 L distilled water. Isolated bacterial strain was assessed for their resistance to heavy metals; $CoCl_2.6H_2O$, $2PbCO_3.Pb(OH)_2$, and $ZnCl_2$ at various concentrations ranging from $100-400{\mu}g/mL$ (Co, Pb and Zn) using the agar dilution method. A pot experiment was conducted with aqueous solutions of different heavy metals (Co, Pb and Zn) to assess the effect of bacterial strain on growth and metal uptake by Helianthus annuus (sunflower). The impact of bacterial inoculation on the mobility of metals in soil was investigated under laboratory conditions with 50 mL scaled polypropylene centrifuge tubes. The metal contents in the filtrate of plant extracts were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Perkinelmer, Aanalyst 800, USA). CONCLUSION: Inoculation with Enterobacter ludwigii PSB 28 resulted in increased shoot and root biomass and enhanced accumulation of Co, Pb and Zn in Helianthus annuus plants. The strain was found to be capable of promoting metal translocation from the roots to the shoots of H. annuus. Therefore, Enterobacter ludwigii PSB 28 could be identified as an effective promoter of phytoextraction of Co, Pb and Zn from metal-contaminated soils.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.380-387
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• 2014

Piper Alpha disaster drew attention to the damage likely to arise from explosions and fires on an offshore platform. And great concerns have been increased to prevent these hazards. Blast wall is one of the passive safety systems; it plays a key part of minimizing the consequences. However, a buckling due to explosion loads is a factor which can reduce the strength of blast wall. The buckling often occurs between web and flange at the center of blast wall. This study aims to find a solution for reinforcing its strength by installing a flat plate at the spot where the buckling occurs. First of all, ANSYS finite element method is adopted to numerically compute the structural resistance characteristic of blast wall by using a quasi-static approach. Sequentially, the impact response characteristics of blast wall are investigated the effect on thickness of flat plate by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Finally, pressure-impulse diagrams (P-I diagram) are presented to permit easy assessment of structural response characteristics of stiffened blast wall. In this study, effective use is made to increase structural intensity. of blast wall and acquired important insights have been documented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.961-964
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• 2008

There are researches in progress on ensuring the safety of the high impact concrete in case of fire which is a current rising social problem and this research institute also developed PFB technology, the explosion preventing technology. PFB technology is to apply POSCO E&C Fire Board, a fireproof board, with an adhesive agent on the construction site, and this technology passed 3-hour fireproof test and this technology was proven from a previous research that the temperature of main root is maintained under $200^{\circ}C$. Therefore, tests on basic contents was performed in this research before the actual construction, with a full scale of wooden prototype to apply PFB technology to actual construction sites and the tests were done on the workability of fireproof board, the adhesive power, the resistance against imprint of wooden nail, the heat conductivity and etc. As the results of these tests, PFB technology was proven to have an excellent workability at a construction site and to be easy for processing and also, this technology was proven to have a great resisting power against imprint of wooden nail. Therefore, this research has confirmed that PFB technology has no problem to be applied on a construction site.

• Composites Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.39-43
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• 2020

Recently, fabrication process of thermoplastic polyamide-based composites with recyclability as well as impact, chemical, and abrasion resistance have been widely studied. In particular, thermoplastic reactive resin transfer molding (TRTM) in which monomer with low viscosity is injected and in-situ polymerized inside mold has received a great attention, because thermoplastic melts are hard to impregnate fiber preform due to their very high viscosity. However, it is difficult to optimize the processing conditions because of high reactivity and sensitivity to external environments of the used monomer, ε-caprolactam. In this study, viscosity as an important process parameter in TRTM was measured during in-situ anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam and the solutions for problems caused by high polymerization rate and sensitivity to moisture and oxygen were suggested. Reliability of the improved measurement technique was verified by comparing the viscosity behavior at various environmental conditions including humidity and atmosphere, and it is expected to be helpful for optimization of TRTM process.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.23-30
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• 2016

The conventional natural gas engine realized lean combustion for the improved efficiency. However, in order to cope with exhaust gas regulations enforced gradually, the interest has shifted at the stoichiometric mixture combustion system. The stoichiometric mixture combustion method has the advantage of a three-way catalyst utilization whose purification efficiency is high, but the problem of thermal durability and the fuel economy remains as a challenge. Hydrogen-natural gas blend fuel (HCNG) can increase the rate of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) because the hydrogen increases burning speed and lean flammability limit. The increase in the EGR rate can have a positive impact on heat resistance of the engine due to the decreased combustion temperature, and further can increase the compression ratio for efficient combustion. In this study, to minimize the exhaust emission developed HCNG engine with stoichiometric combustion method, developed three-way catalyst was applied to evaluate the conversion characteristics. The tests were carried out during the steady state and transient operating conditions, and the results were compared for both the conventional and proto-three-way catalyst of HCNG engine for city buses.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2020

Flight data recorder is a equipment that records data required for investigation of aircraft accidents and should be developed in compliance with the ED-112A standard. Unlike general data storage device, flight data recorder must be able to recover data after an aircraft accident, requiring a housing and a memory board to protect data in extreme environments. To attain this performance, we designed a housing that can withstand the test by analyzing the physical environment of the impact, shear/tensile, penetration resistance and static crush test of the crash survival test and minimized the size and weight compared to the existing one in consideration of the installation of the aircraft in this paper. Insulation material and thermal block material were applied to endure high and low temperature fire so that the internal temperature does not rise above 150℃ even in 260℃, 10 hour environment. In addition, the memory board is designed to minimize the size and we devise a hoping programming method to prevent continuous data loss of more than 16 seconds. Through this, Crash protected memory module that satisfies ED-112A was completed.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.230-236
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• 2020

In this study, an adhesive tape with water and impact resistance for mobile devices was developed using a UV-curable urethane acrylate based polymer as a substrate. The substrate fabricated by UV-curable materials shows hydrophobicity and poor wettability, which significantly deteriorates the interface-adhesions between the substrate and acrylic adhesive. In order to improve the interface adhesion, 3-glycidoxy-propyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), a silane coupling agent having epoxy functional groups, was selected and incorporated into UV-curable urethane acrylate based polymer resins in various contents. The changes of the chemical composition according to the contents of GPTMS was studied with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to know the surface bonding properties. Also mechanical properties of the substrate were characterized by tensile strength, gel fraction and water contact angle measurements. The peel strengths at 180° and 90° were measured to compare the adhesion between the substrate and adhesive according to the silane coupling agent contents. The mechanical strength of the urethane acrylate adhesive tape decreased as the silane coupling agent increased, but the adhesion between the substrate and adhesives increased remarkably at an appropriate content of 0.5~1 wt%.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.133-140
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• 2016

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport has introduced low-floor buses, which are convenient for passengers getting on and off the bus and for the handicapped. The standard bus model is 11 m long and uses compressed natural gas (CNG). However, this model has drawbacks in narrow rural road conditions such as those in farming and fishing villages and mountainous areas, as well as difficulty in refueling since CNG facilities are not readily available. In this study, running resistance values were obtained by coasting performance tests on actual roads using a Tata Daewoo LF-40 model with three different weight conditions: curb vehicle weight (CVW), half vehicle weight (HVW), and gross vehicle weight (GVW).The test methods include WHVC, NIER-06, and constant-speed driving at 60 km/h. These tests were used to measure the fuel economy of vehicles other than the target vehicles to obtain the combined fuel economy. The energy efficiency was highest in the case of CVW. In the WHVC mode, the fuel consumption rates of HVW and GVW were typically 3.5% and 12% higher than that of CVW, respectively. In constant-speed driving, the fuel efficiency of HVW was higher than that of CVW. Further research is required to analyze the exhaust gas data.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1923-1932
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• 2019

Objective: We investigated visual marbling level (VML) influence on pork loin physicochemical traits, consumer palatability responses, VML liking, purchase intent, and their relationships. Methods: For each of five slaughtering dates, at 24-h postmortem, nine paired Duroc castrated male boneless Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles were categorized into low (LM, score 1 to 2, n = 3), medium (MM, score 3 to 4, n = 3), and high (HM, score 5 to 6, n = 3) VML. Meat physicochemical quality traits and consumer responses (n = 389) on palatability and VML liking, and purchase intent were evaluated. The experiment was in randomized complete block design. Analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple mean comparisons, and correlation coefficients were determined. Results: VML correspond to crude fat (r = 0.91, p<0.01), but both were reversely related to moisture content (r = -0.75 and -0.91, p<0.01, respectively). As VML increased, ash (p<0.05) and protein (p = 0.072) decreased, pH and $b^{\star}$ increased (p<0.05), but drip, cooking (p<0.05) and thawing (p = 0.088) losses decreased. Among treatments, muscle fiber diameter, sarcomere length, total and insoluble collagen contents, $L^{\star}$, and $a^{\star}$ did not differ (p>0.05). Compared to the others, HM had lower collagen solubility percentage (p<0.05), but similar (p>0.05) Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF). No differences (p>0.05) were found in juiciness, overall flavor, oiliness, and overall acceptability, but HM was more tender (p<0.05) than the others. Based on VML, consumers preferred MM to HM (p<0.05), while LM was similar to MM and HM (p>0.05). Corresponding to VML preference (r = 0.45, p<0.01), consumers (83%) would (p<0.01) definitely and probably buy MM, over LM (74%), and HM (68%), respectively. Conclusion: Increasing VML in pork LD altered its chemical composition, slightly increased pH, and improved water holding capacity, thereby improving its tenderness acceptability. Marbling might reduce chewing resistance, as lower collagen solubility in HM did not impact tenderness acceptability and WBSF. While HM was rated as most tender, consumers visually preferred and would purchase MM.