• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.77-87
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• 2012

Purpose: This study examined the scanning electron microscopic feature, protein marker expression and osteoinductive activity of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) from human for nude mice. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy nude mice, weighing about 20 g were used for study. DDM from Human was prepared and implanted into the dorsal portion of nude mouse. Before implantation, DDM was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nude mice were sacrificed at 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after DDM grafting and evaluated histologically by H-E, MT staining. And also immunohistochemistry analysis (ostecalcin, osteopontin) was performed. Result: Dentinal tubules and collagen fibers were observed by SEM of dentin surface of DDM. The DDM induced bone and cartilage independently in soft tissues. And, the histological findings showed bone forming cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. On immunohistochemistry analysis, osteocalcin and osteopontin positive bone forming cells were observed. Conclusion: This results showed that the DDM from human has osteoinductive ability and is a good alternative to autogenous bone graft materials.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.327-332
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• 2015

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the frequently seen cancers in the world and it is the second most common reason for death due to cancer. The prognostic role of expression of p53 detected by immunohistochemistry in gastric cancer remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to explore any association between overexpression and survival outcomes. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched for studies investigating the relationships between expression of p53 detected by immunohistochemistry and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. After careful review, survival data were extracted from eligible studies. A meta-analysis was performed to generate combined hazard ratios for overall survival and disease-free survival. Results: A total of 4.330 patients from 21 studies were included in the analysis. Our results showed tissue p53 overexpression in patients with gastric cancer to be associated with poor prognosis in terms of overall survival (HR, 1.610; 95% CI, 1.394 -5.235; p:<0.001). Pooled hazard ratio for disease free survival showed that p53 positivity or negativity were not statitistically significant (HR, 1.219; 95%CI, 0.782-1.899; p:0.382). Conclusions: The present meta-analysis indicated overexpression of p53 detected by immunohistochemistry to be associated with a poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.141-151
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to elucidate the clinicopathological significance and diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for determining the mesenchymal epidermal transition (c-MET) expression in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Materials and Methods: The present meta-analysis investigated the correlation between c-MET expression as determined by IHC and the clinicopathological parameters in 8,395 GC patients from 37 studies that satisfied the eligibility criteria. In addition, a concordance analysis was performed between c-MET expression as determined by IHC and c-MET amplification, and the diagnostic test accuracy was reviewed. Results: The estimated rate of c-MET overexpression was 0.403 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.327~0.484) and it was significantly correlated with male patients, poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, higher TNM stage, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity in IHC analysis. There was a significant correlation between c-MET expression and worse overall survival rate (hazard ratio, 1.588; 95% CI, 1.266~1.992). The concordance rates between c-MET expression and c-MET amplification were 0.967 (95% CI, 0.916~0.987) and 0.270 (95% CI, 0.173~0.395) for cases with non-overexpressed and overexpressed c-MET, respectively. In the diagnostic test accuracy review, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.56 (95% CI, 0.50~0.63) and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.77~0.81), respectively. Conclusions: The c-MET overexpression as determined by IHC was significantly correlated with aggressive tumor behavior and positive IHC status for HER2 in patients with GC. In addition, the c-MET expression status could be useful in the screening of c-MET amplification in patients with GC.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.275-287
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• 2010

Deep caries may induce pulpitis and the pulpal tissue interacts with microbial invasion. The immune response to protect the pulpal tissue can be mediated by cellular signal molecules produced by the pulpal cells. The understanding of these processes is important to find future therapeutic method for the diseased pulp. The pulp tissue from sound teeth was set as control group (n=30) and the pulp tissue from decayed teeth was set as test group (n=30). Total RNA was extracted from the pulp of each group and it was used for cDNA microarray and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The expression of TGF-${\beta}1$ was studied by immunohistochemistry. The results were as follows: 1. cDNA microarray analysis identified 520 genes with 6-fold or greater difference in expression level with 143 genes more abundant in health and 377 genes more abundant in disease. 2. The RT-PCR analysis was done for randomly selected 14 genes and the results supported the result of cDNA microarray assay. 3. TGF-${\beta}1$ was highly expressed in the carious pulp and it was found in odontoblast by immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, many cytokines were found to be significantly changed their expression in the diseased pulp(/M/>1.6).

• Toxicological Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 1998

This study was carried out to evaluate the testicular toxicity of 2-bromopropane (2-BP), which recently caused occupational intoxication on the reproductive and hematopoietic system in Koreans, using light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. 10 weeks old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 0.5 g/㎏/day of 2-BP orally for 8 consecutive weeks. The testes of the rats were vascularly perfused with Karnovsky's solution or immersed in Bouin's solution, embedded in plastic and evaluated with light microscopy. And relative proportions of haploid, diploid, and tetra-ploid states of DNA ploidy in the testicular cell suspensions of the SD rats were examined by flow cytometry. 2-BP induced severe testicular atrophy, depletion and degeneration of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids and mild hyperplasia of Leydig cells without significant morphological changes. The Leydig cell hyperplasia was confirmed by immunohistochemistry using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The immunopositive cells against PCNA were observed in the nuclei oj some interstitial cells. Relative proportions of haploid states of DNA ploidy decreased in the atrophic testicular cell suspensions comparing with those of the control. In conclusion, 2-BP induced testicular atrophy with Leydig cell hyperplasia as examined by histopathology, immunohistochemistry and DNA flow cytometry.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.101-112
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• 2019

Herein, 2-nitroimidazole-fluorophore conjugates were synthesized by linking 2-nitroimidazole and FITC or RITC via thiourea bonds. The prepared derivatives were stable for 2 h in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) at 37 ℃. The novel conjugates were studied for their in vitro uptake under hypoxic conditions using U87MG and CT-26 cell lines, showing significantly higher uptakes in hypoxic than normoxic cells. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed hypoxia in U87MG and CT-26 xenografted tumor tissues. Moreover, the prepared conjugates were evaluated by in vivo experiments after intravenous injection in U87MG and CT-26 xenografted mice. Hypoxia was confirmed by immunohistochemistry of the prepared derivatives with co-injected pimonidazole. Confocal microscopy of the prepared derivatives showed strong fluorescence in hypoxic tumor tissues correlated with the pimonidazole distribution. This suggested that the 2-nitroimidazole-fluorophore conjugates are promising optical imaging probes for tumor hypoxia and are promising substitutes for pimonidazole immunohistochemistry, which requires a multi-step procedure of incubation involving antibody, second antibody, dye, hydrogen peroxide, and multiple washing steps.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1029-1031
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• 2015

Objective: Glypican-3 (GPC3) is reported to be an oncofetal protein that is a useful diagnostic immunomarker for hepatoblastoma. However, the results are not inclusive. This study systemically investigated the association between expression of GPC3 and pediatric hepatoblastoma. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the association were identified using a predefined search strategy. GPC3 immunohistochemistry was applied in the pathological diagnosis of hepatoblastoma using the monoclonal antibodies with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens. Positive predictive rates for the association between expression of GPC3 and pediatric hepatoblastoma were calculated. Results: Specimens from four clinical studies which including 134 patients with pediatric hepatoblastoma tested by GPC3 immunohistochemistry were considered eligible for inclusion. Systemic analysis showed that, in all patients, pooled positive predictive rate of the association between expression of GPC3 and pediatric hepatoblastoma was 95.5% (128/134). Conclusion: This systemic analysis suggests that the expression of glypican-3 is highly associated with the diagnosis of pediatric hepatoblastoma.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.91-98
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• 2010

Purpose: Silent mating-type information regulation 2 homologue 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase. SIRT1 plays an important role in the regulation of cell death/survival and stress response in mammals. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the SIRT1 gene is involved in the development or progression of gastric cancers. Materials and Methods: SIRT1 and p53 genes in 86 gastric cancers were examined for genetic alterations by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism sequencing, as well as SIRT1 protein expression in 170 gastric cancers by immunohistochemistry. Results: In the genetic analysis, we found SIRT1 and p53 mutations in two and 12 cases, respectively. Two missense mutations, c.599 C>T (T200I) and c.1258 G>A (E420K), were detected in the SIRT1 gene coding region. The SIRT1 and p53 mutation were found in mutually exclusive gastric cancers. The immunohistochemistry revealed that SIRT1 overexpression was found in 95 (55.9%) of 170 gastric cancers. Altered SIRT1 expression was not statistically associated with clinicopathological parameters, including tumor differentiation, location, lymph node metastasis, or p53 expression. Two cases with an SIRT1 mutation showed increased SIRT1 expression. Conclusions: These results suggest that genetic alterations and overexpression of the SIRT1 gene may contribute to gastric cancer development.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.35.1-35.13
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• 2024

Importance: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis characterized by inflammation within the central nervous system. However, inflammation in non-neuronal tissues, including the lungs, has not been fully evaluated. Objective: This study evaluated the inflammatory response in lungs of EAE mice by immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. Methods: Eight adult C57BL/6 mice were injected with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein_35-55 to induce the EAE. Lungs and spinal cords were sampled from the experimental mice at the time of sacrifice and used for the western blotting, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry. Results: Histopathological examination revealed inflammatory lesions in the lungs of EAE mice, characterized by infiltration of myeloperoxidase (MPO)- and galectin-3-positive cells, as determined by immunohistochemistry. Increased numbers of collagen fibers in the lungs of EAE mice were confirmed by histopathological analysis. Western blotting revealed significantly elevated level of osteopontin (OPN), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), MPO and galectin-3 in the lungs of EAE mice compared with normal controls (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed both OPN and CD44 in ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1-positive macrophages within the lungs of EAE mice. Conclusions and Relevance: Taken together, these findings suggest that the increased OPN level in lungs of EAE mice led to inflammation; concurrent increases in proinflammatory factors (OPN and galectin-3) caused pulmonary impairment.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.227-231
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• 2006

Leiomyosarcoma of the oral cavity is a very rare tumor that is associated with aggressive clinical behavior and low survival. In this paper, we report a case of leiomyosarcoma presenting with a gingival exophytic mass that rapidly grew, causing facial asymmetry within 16 days, in a 9-year-old boy. After an excisional biopsy, microscopy revealed a spindle cell neoplasm that, on immunohistochemistry analysis, demonstrated reactivity for SMA. This established the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma; subsequently, a marginal mandibulectomy and supraomohyoid neck dissection were performed.