• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.880-889
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• 2016

To evaluate the resistance of wood to decay caused by fungi, sapwood and heartwood of red pine (Pinus densiflora) and sapwood and heartwood of larch (Larix kaempferi) were conducted. Wood samples were immersed for 96 h in pyroligneous liquor. Then, the brown-rot fungus, Fomitopsis palustris, was used to examine the decay resistance of red pine and larch. Weight and density of wood from the all conditions increased after immersion treatment. Weight loss after decay resistance test was also dropped with a immersion treatment. The lowest weight loss indicated at immersion-treated heartwood of larch. Immersion treatment using pyroligneous liquor effectively increased the resistance of wood to decay caused by fungi.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.572-581
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to determine how the internal marketing of the contract foodservice management company affects job satisfaction and organization immersion, as well as the influence of the satisfaction of internal customers (employees) has on job satisfaction and organization immersion, and the function as a preceding variable that improves service quality. T-test, ANOVA, and linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the hypotheses of the study. The summary of study as per the result of this corroborative study is presented as follows: It was verified that internal marketing affects organizational immersion and the job satisfaction of employees, and job satisfaction plays a crucial role in organizational immersion. Moreover, it was also confirmed that the higher the internal marketing is, the higher the job satisfaction and organization immersion will be, thereby improving the service quality provided by employees. If enterprise regards employees as internal customers and constantly and efficiently conducts internal marketing activities such as internal communication, training, welfare, compensation, delegation of power, supporting the management, etc, the organizational immersion and job satisfaction of employees will be heightened, thereby enhancing loyalty and pride in the organization to provide services with better quality.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of problem-based learning-integrative simulation practice (PBL-ISP) on nursing knowledge, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, and immersion among nursing students. Methods: The study used a nonequivalent control group post-test design. A PBL-ISP educational program was provided to the experimental group, and hands-on practice using a high-fidelity simulator (HFS) was administered to the control group. There were 42 subjects in the experimental group and 40 in the control group. Data were collected during the fall semester of 2019. Using SPSS for Windows version 23.0, data were analyzed in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, the chi-square test, t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Significant differences between the experimental and control groups were found in nursing knowledge (t=3.67, p<.001), critical thinking (t=3.40, p=.001), problem-solving ability (t=3.52, p=.001) and immersion (t=4.44, p<.001). Conclusion: PBL-ISP was more effective in improving nursing knowledge, critical thinking, problem-solving ability, and immersion than was hands-on practice using an HFS.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.31 no.3 s.258
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• pp.295-303
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• 2007

Degradation behaviors of filament-winded composites have been evaluated under the accelerated environmental test of high temperature, water immersion and thermal impact conditions. Two kinds of laminated composites coated by an urethane resin have been used: carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy(T700/Epon-826, CFRP) and glass-fiber reinforced phenolic (E-glass/phenolic, GFRP). For tensile strength of $0^{\circ}$ composites, CFRP showed little degradation while GFRP did high reduction by 25% under the influence of high temperature and water However for water-immersed $90^{\circ}$ composites tensile strength of both CFRP and GFRP showed high reduction. Bending strength and modulus of $90^{\circ}$ composites were largely reduced in water-immersion as well as high temperature environment. Urethane coating on the composite surface improved the bending properties by 20%, however hardly showed such improvement for water-immersed $90^{\circ}$ composites. In case of shear strength and modulus, both CFRP and GFRP showed high reduction by water-Immersion test but did a slight increase by high temperature and thermal impact conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.151.1-151.1
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• 2017

This work studied the corrosion behavior of AZ31 Mg alloy galvanically coupled with Cu during immersion in 0.1 and 0.5 M NaCl solutions by in-situ observation and galvanic corrosion current measurement using a zero resistance ammeter. The corrosion behavior of AZ31 Mg alloy was also studied by salt spray test. The average galvanic corrosion density during 2 h immersion in 0.1 NaCl solution was found to decrease as an exponential function with increasing the surface area ratios between AZ31:Cu or with increasing the distance between AZ31 and Cu. The corrosion of electrodeposited Cu on AZ31 Mg alloy was concentrated at the area next to Cu (about 5 mm for immersion test and 2 mm for salt spray test) and pitting corrosion was accelerated at the area beyond the severely corroded area by the galvanic coupling effect.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.289-301
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• 2021

The purpose is to identify the impact of perfectionism among middle and high school students majoring in dance on competition anxiety and dance immersion. 279 people were collected by means of a significant collection and survey tools were used in questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted for t-test, one-way random analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. There was a significant difference between perfectionist tendencies and competitive anxiety. There was a significant difference in perfectionism in dance immersion. There is a causal relationship between perfectionist tendencies and competitive anxiety and dance immersion. In order to increase dance immersion among middle and high school students, it is important to identify factors that can increase dance immersion by exploring various psychological factors.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.508-513
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• 2001

Recently, ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) has been increasingly used as additive for concrete. Many researchers reported that concrete using GGBFS had a better resistance under severe environments, such as marine or sulfate-rich soils, than Portland type cement concrete. The aim, therefore, of this study is to evaluate on the effectiveness of concrete using GGBFS when the concrete exposes to sulfate-rich environment. The detailed items for experiments show 2 series consisted of sulfate immersion test with mortar and sulfate diffusion test with concrete. The sulfate immersion test was performed for 400 days and contained reduction of compressive strength, length change and XRD analysis. For sulfate diffusion test, sulfate ions diffusivity was calculated on tile consideration of electrochemical theory by the diffusion cell test. As the results of this study, it was found that the concrete using GGBFS as additive was superior to portland type cement concrete. Consequently, the use of concrete with GGBFS for recycling may expect the durable and economical benefits.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.169-172
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• 2002

In this study, the effects of the number of coat and immersion period on strength properties, waterproofness and chemical resistance of painted and immersed cement mortars using two admixture were examined. Test results showed that the flexural and the compressive strengths of the coated and immersed cement mortars increase with increasing number of coat and immersion period. The water absorption of the coated and immersed cement mortars tended to decrease with increasing number of coated and immersion period. In the case of the change of weight and the immersion period for the solutions, a decreasing tendency was shown as the immersion period increases regardless of solution, with a little variation.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.344-352
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to empirically grasp the relationship between website immersion and website attitude by the attribute factors of the Taekwondo information website and provide it as basic data for effective operation of the Taekwondo information website. The subjects of this study were Taekwondo athletes enrolled in high schools and universities affiliated with the Korean Taekwondo Association, and the sampling method was sampled using the convient sampling method, a non-probability sampling method. Of the 820 questionnaires finally obtained, 789 were processed using PASW Statistics 20.0 and AMOS, except for 31 that were deemed to have poor respondents' contents or were not valuable as data. For data analysis, the statistical analysis techniques used in this study were frequency analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach's α test, correlation analysis, and structural equation model analysis (SEM), and the significance level of the research hypothesis was α=.It was verified at 05. The following conclusions were drawn through such research methods and procedures. First, information, entertainment, structure, cognition, searchability, and connectivity of Taekwondo information website attributes affect website immersion. Second, website immersion is affecting website attitudes.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2010

An impact bending test method was used to evaluate the reliability for the solder joint of lead-free solder ball. In order to standardize the test method, the four point impact bending test was applied under the conditions of various frequencies and amounts of +/-amplitude respectively. Effects on the results were analysed. The optimum condition for impact bending test achieved in this study was the frequency of 10 Hz, and the amplitude of (+12/-1)~(+15/-1). 3 kinds of surface finishes Cu-OSP (Organic Solderability Preservative), ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold), and ENEPIG (Electroless Nickel, Electroless Palladium, Immersion Gold) were used. Fracture surface showed that cracks were initiated and fractured along the intermetallic layer in the case of surface finishes of Cu-OSP and ENIG, while in the case of ENEPIG the cracks were initiated and propagated in the solder region.