• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.85-89
• /
• 2003

In a closed square cavity filled with a liquid, a cooled the upper horizontal wall and a heated the lower horizontal wall, the flow isn't generated under the ground-based condition when Rayleigh number is lower than 1700. In such case the flow phenomena near an air bubble under a cooled horizontal wall were investigated. The temperature and the flow fields were studied by using the Thermo-sensitive Liquid-Crystal and the image processing. The qualitative analysis for the temperature and the flow fields were carried out by applying the image processing technique to the original data. Injecting bubble at the center point of upper cooled wall, the symmetry shape of two vortexes near an air bubble was observed. The bubble size increased, the size of velocity and the magnitude of velocity increased. In spite of elapsed time, a pair of two vortexes was the unique and steady-state flow in a square cavity and wasn't induce to the other flow in the surround region.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2011

Having a wide angle of view, a fisheye lens is useful for obtaining images of the inside wall of a tunnel. A circular fisheye tunnel image can be transformed into a familiar rectangular image by applying the concept of cylindrical projection. This projection transformation causes several types of distortions in the projected image. This paper discusses the distortion on the boundary lines between smoothly curved wall and flat ground. We analyzed the cause of this boundary distortion, developed transformation model, and derived a correction formular. A distortion correction software programmed in Visual C++ applied to projected image. Consequently, boundary-corrected image could be obtained. Research into other distortions of projected image will helpful in obtaining tunnel image that resembles real tunnel from fisheye tunnel image.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.86-94
• /
• 2010

Art-Wall is the term for a surface wall representing artistic expression by using different materials or images in interior spaces. Usually this is the focal point in an interior space and sometimes it called as an image wall. In the new millenium Art-walls began to use in living spaces. While in the early stages of the development, Art-Wall was limited in a living room, in contemporary it spread into overall living spaces using various patterns and materials. Therefore, the research on Art-Walls in contemporary living spaces is essential to understand this development. The purpose of this study is to find out characteristics of patterns on Art-Walls as an imagery element in contemporary interior spaces. To analyze the characteristic, the analysis table for Art-Walls are constructed based on classifications of wallpapers and textiles. Based on this analysis table, 89 examples of Art-Walls from four major periodicals from 2008 to 2009 were examined. As a result of the analysis, in contemporary interior spaces solid-texture pattern is most frequently appeared. Then natural motifs are the next most popular using oversized or irregular layouts. The result shows that naturalistic expression is significant in interior space in 2008 to 2009. Therefore, Art-Walls that adapted diverse patterns are an essential element in contemporary interiors to represent the major concept of the space.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.254-269
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to propose guidance for wall renewal that is appropriate for an ancient city wall through application of advanced research and theories in wall design. It is a streetscape improvement project which forms part of the "Ancient City Image Finding Project". Study methods consist of advanced research classification, wall design theory contemplation, and analysis of the significance of designated ancient city areas and the "Ancient City Image Finding Project" status. Based on these methods, case study candidates were selected, case status and problems were identified, and improvement proposals were analyzed by comparing various features. Advanced wall research was classified into six categories including analysis of wall characteristics; wall design principle applications; wall structure, color, shape, and application; modern reinterpretation; palace walls; and house, temple, and village walls. The wall is an element of the streetscape improvement component of the "Ancient City Image Finding Project", with the characteristic of providing preceding experience in visual and cognitive awareness than interior structure. Case candidates for ancient city wall improvement are based on the composition distribution of the special conservation district in each ancient city as well as the conservation promotion district. Ultimately, the surrounding village of Gongju-si Geumseong-Dong Songsanri-gil, adjacent to the Royal Tomb of King Muryeong, was selected as the candidate. The "Ancient City Image Finding Project" of the surrounding village of Gongju-si Geumseong-Dong Songsanri-gil began with new Hanok construction. However, wall maintenance did not begin concurrently with that new Hanok construction. Support and maintenance took place afterwards as an exterior maintenance project for roadside structures. If the Hanok and wall were evaluated and constructed at the same time, the wall would have been built in unison with the size and design of the Hanok. The layout of the main building and wall of the Hanok is deemed to be a structure that is closed tightly because of its spatial proximity and tall height. Songsan-ri-gil's wall design should create a calm, subtle, and peaceful atmosphere with shapes, colors, and materials that express ancient city characteristics, but it is in an awkward position due to its sharpness and narrowness. The cause of the problem at Gongju-si Geumseong-dong Songsanri-gil, the case candidate, is that it is lacking significantly in terms of the aesthetic factors that traditional walls should possess. First, aesthetic consciousness seems to have disappeared during the selection and application process of the wall's natural materials. Second, the level of completion in design and harmony is absent. Maintenance guidance after analyzing the cause of problems in ancient city wall maintenance at Gongju-si Geumseong-dong Songsanri-gil, the subject area of research, is as follows: First, the Hanok design and layout of the wall and main gate should be reviewed simultaneously. Second, the one-sided use of natural stone wall in the Hanok wall design should be reexamined. Third, a permanent system to coordinate the opinions of citizens and experts during the planning and design phases should be employed. Fourth and finally, the Hanok's individuality shall be collectivized and its value as a cultural asset representing the identity of the community shall be increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2002.03a
• /
• pp.237-244
• /
• 2002

Televiewer is a logging tool capable of scanning the borehole wall. The tool uses a rotating acoustic beam generator that acts as both a transmitter and receiver. The beams are sent toward the wall. The amplitude of a returning signal from the wall has nearly a linear relationship with the reflection coefficient R of the borehole wall, when the wall is smooth. As R depends only on rock impedance for fixed water impedance, the amplitude is directly associated with mass density and seismic velocity of rock. Meanwhile, the amplitude can be further reduced by wall roughness that may be caused by drilling procedures, differences in rock hardness, because the rough surface can easily scatter the acoustic energy and sometimes the hole becomes elongated in all directions according to the degree of weathering. In this sense, the amplitude is related to the hardness of rocks. For convenience of analysis, the measured amplitude image(2-D data(azimuth ${\times}$ depth)) is converted, with an appropriate algorithm, to the 1-D data(depth), where the amplitude image values along a predetermined fracture signature(sinusoid) are summed up and averaged. The resulting values are subsequently scaled simply by a scalar factor that is possibly consistent with a known strength. This scaled Televiewer reflectivity is named, as a matter of convenience,“Televiewer rock strength”. This paper shows, based on abundant representative case studies from about 8 years of Televiewer surveys, that Televiewer rock strength might be regarded, on a continuous basis with depth, as a quitely robust indicator of rock classification and in most cases as an approximate uniaxial strength that is comparable to the rebound value from Schmidt hammer test.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.157-158
• /
• 2007

This is an interior design for a furniture & lighting design exhibition. The concept of design is to secure the smooth flow planning of an audience and effective direction of an exhibit Design content include 1) installation(passage of light) to guide an audience from entrance to right side of the exhibition space to prohibit the flow dispersion and keep smooth continual circulation flow plan 2)image-wall to introduce exhibition 3)installation to help the global understanding of exhibit 4)exhibition stand design considering proper height of audience's eye.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2010

This research aims to grasp the main factors of the image of Xi'an Ming City Wall Park and the harmony level with city walls and moat based on citizen's consciousness to improve the future design, field survey and the POE method are employed to analyze the image factor and harmony level of the Xi'an Ming City Wall Park. In the literature survey, the related materials were collected to obtain the most useful information for references, POE study of the Xi'an Ming City Wall Park were conducted. The instrument for survey is a questionnaire that includes a portion of questions regarding Xi'an Ming City Wall Park and the design intention of the surroundings of city wall. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS17.0 for Windows). Multiple regression analysis, and correlation analysis were employed along with the use of general descriptive data analysis. The factor analysis of the image of Xi'an Ming City Wall Park identified three factors, "environment" factor, "convenience" factor, "cultural aesthetics" factor, and the most important factor is "environment" factor. Among 14 landscape elements, paving, garden architectures and entrance spaces were identified as important variables which significantly affect the overall level of harmony with the city wall, and the space for rest; waterscape and paving were identified as important variables which significantly affect the overall level of harmony with the moat.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2013

Local deformations in back filling materials of two sands and one glass bead with different particle shapes behind a rigid retaining wall were studied. Two kinds of boundary conditions were compared: active wall translation and active rotation of the wall about its toe. Effect of the speed of active wall translation was also investigated. The digital image correlation method was used to analyze local deformation developments inside the materials. Test results showed that particle shape and density mainly influence the inclination angle and width of the shear band. The general shear band pattern is strongly dependent on the wall movement mode, while it was little influenced by particle shape. Within a limited range of wall speed in this study, shear band became wider and local deformation became larger with increase of wall speed.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.263-272
• /
• 1999

Creative environment for sales that a company's image can be effectively delivered to consumers increases consumption desirability and puts confidence in products. Thus, it can be resulted in increasing company's profit. However, nowadays commercial spaces do not show their differences from others due to an excessive competition. Therefore, groping a differentiated composition for commercial spaces should be importantly considered because consumers wants to meet their own individuality in the fashion speciality store. The purpose of this paper is in present the way of differentiating images for commercial spaces. In order to investigate, the role of a wall in commercial spaces should be reconsidered. The concept of a wall in fashion store in the past was understood as one of the structures in the building and a place that displays commodities for sales. However, this paper introduces a new concept of a wall as an important visual function in the fashion store. In other words, the new concept emphasized functions and compositions of a wall in the perspective of symbolic and visual sides, instead of a physical side. Moreover, this paper presents the relationship between the internal side of a wall which has a high frequency of visually and the external side of a wall which has a signaling effect to the consumers. Finally, this paper shows effective way of expressing company's image in the fashion store by adopting the new concept of a wall composition.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.339-339
• /
• 2000

In this parer, a method of measuring the size of defects on the wall and restructing the defect image of 3-dimension is developed based on the tracking algorithm of a camera position which uses the inclination angle of line slit beam for overcoming the difficulty of the corresponding problem identifying the image point in the both image. In the experiments, an algorithm for estimating the horizontal angle of CCD camera is presented and validated by applying it to the measurement of area and length under the variations of both the distance and the angle of CCD camera. And its performance is compared to that of the rotating and mapping method of image which has the Euclidian distance.