• Architectural research
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2014

This research is to restructure the public assessment of housing management in a standardized fashion, and a self-administered questionnaire survey was employed for data collection and analysis. In doing so, all the assessment tools nationwide were identified and assembled to extract the items included in the survey form. The survey form was mailed out to local officers in charge of housing management and professional housing managers in the nation, and the responses were statistically analyzed in order to structure the standard assessment tool of housing management. This research classified 3 main areas (General Maintenance, Operation and Community Living) in evaluating the housing management performance, and identified 35 essential items and 52 optional items. The 35 essential items were drawn from the 16 categories of the 3 areas (11 items of 5 categories for General Maintenance, 7 items of 4 categories for Operation, and 17 items of 7 categories for Community Living), and the rest 52 optional items were from the 16 categories of the 3 areas (24 items of 7 categories for General Maintenance, 26 items of 7 categories for Operation, and 2 items of 2 categories for Community Living). While all the items in the research are quantifiable, it's suggested that qualitative measurements be complementarily utilized in the assessment not only to explore the best practices of housing management but also to refine and modify the standardized tool in response to various environmental changes. As the public assessment of housing management is context-sensitive and critically related to local housing profile, the continuous implementation of the assessment will facilitate shifting the housing paradigm from production and consumption to management and reproduction.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.115-139
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• 2009

This study focused on the development of a scale measuring the effect of consumer education. The purposes of this study were to develop a tool which could measure consumer knowledge, consumer attitudes and consumer behavior. Data were collected from 266 college students. Analysis was done using frequency, cross tabulation analysis, reliability test, principle components factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (Amos 5.0), and multiple regression analysis. The results from this study were as follows: 1) Nine consumer knowledge factors (23-items) were identified: consciousness of consumer education and evaluation, consumer rights and allowance management, methods of consumer education and consumer institutions, green energy and environmental consumption, essence and content of consumer education, consumer rights and consumer duty, critical consideration and consumer's damage salvation, buying minds and decision-making, independent consumers. Total variance was 58.4%. Cronbach's alpha for the nine factors ranged from .68-.79. 2) Five consumer attitude factors (26-items) were identified: green environmental consumption, consumer's role and rights, resources saving and consumer's damage salvation, consciousness of consumers, and right consumption. Total variance was 59.2%. Cronbach's alpha for the five factors ranged from .89-.94. 3) Seven consumer behavior factors (27-items) were identified: social role and rights of consumer and consumer movement, right buying and segregated garbage collection, green environmental consumption and resources saving, altruism and decision-making, allowance management and impulse buying, consumer's damage salvation, and consciousness of consumer. The total variance was 59.1%. Cronbach's alpha for the seven factors ranged from .77-.88. Finally, a scale measuring the effect of consumer education consisting of 76 items (consumer knowledge: 23 items (9 factors), consumer attitude: 26 items (5 factors), consumer behavior: 27 items (7 factors)) was constructed.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.76-84
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• 2009

최근 장기간에 걸친 주택경기 침체 수요와 공급의 불균형에 의한 정적재고 증가, 수요자의 주거선호 변화 등으로 인해 차별화의 개념이 주택시장에서 경쟁우위 확보의 주요 요소로 대두되고 있다. 동일한 단위 평면 안에서 마감재 디자인 요소의 차별화에 의해 수많은 마감재 정보가 발생되고 고급화된 사양 선택으로 인하여 공동주택 단위 세대 내부의 마감 원가가 상향되고 있다. 본 연구는 현행 마감재 설계 단계의 프로세스를 대상으로 마감재 설계 및 대안 선정 시 발생되는 원가관리 측면에서의 문제점과 대규모 공동주택 건설 시 대량으로 발생하는 디자인정보, 원가정보, 작업정보 관리 측면에서 마감재 정보관리 문제점을 도출하고, 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 마감재 설계 및 대안 선정 시 원가관리와 정보를 관리 할 수 있도록 마감재의 디자인, 원가, 작업 정보를 통합하였다. 또한 프로젝트 원가관리 요소별 개선을 통해 원가기반의 마감재 정보 관리 프로세스를 제안하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.30-47
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to derive the type of image pursued by men at work and to present the fashion style element as a method of expressing the image to be pursued. The was carried out by deriving the types of seeking images of men at work through literature research and questionnaire on seeking images and analyzing cases through FGI. The results of the study on fashion style elements for each type of image pursued are as follows. First, the reliable image appeared a gentle and formal fashion style, and colors and items were identified as the main elements of expression. Second, the refined image appeared in a chic and dandy fashion style, and colors, fabrics and items reflecting trends were identified as the main elements of expression. Third, the neat image was identified as a simple and minimal fashion style, and details, fabrics, and colors were identified as the main elements of expression. Fourth, the luxurious image was found to have an intellectual feeling in a classic fashion style, and color and material are the main elements of expression. Fifth, the dignified image appeared in a fashion style that was well-dressed and felt classy and heavy, and colors, patterns, and items were identified as the main elements of expression. Sixth, the energetic image emerged as a business casual style, except sporty or active functional styles, with overall comfortable and cheerful feeling, fit, color, and items were noted as the main elements of expression.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.159-173
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a competency tool for new nurses and to pilot-test it with new nurses. A Delphi survey was conducted to develop a competency tool, and a self-evaluation was conducted among new nurses who pilot-tested the finally derived competencies. The Delphi survey panel consisted of 18 people, including adjunct professors at the College of Nursing, nursing managers, and nurses with master's degrees. The Delphi survey asked about the validity of the competencies constructed in two rounds. After analyzing the Delphi results with mean, standard deviation, content validity ratio, degrees of convergence, and degrees of consensus, 12 core competencies and 36 enabling competencies were finally derived. The competencies consisted of clinical judgment and management (nine items), task competence (four items), patient orientation (five items), moral value orientation (three items), cooperation (two items), supply management (two items), professional development (three items), confidence (one item), self-control (two items), flexibility (two items), influence (one item), and nurturing others (two items). The finally derived competencies were pilot-tested with 229 new nurses who had worked for 2-12 months. The self-evaluation scores of new nurses were distributed differently according to their working period. In this study, the competencies required for new nurses were identified and the corresponding enabling competencies were identified. In the future, it is expected that a competency-based education program will be prepared based on these findings, and furthermore, it will be possible to provide high-quality medical and nursing services that meet patients' needs by improving the competency of new nurses and lowering the turnover rate.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument of task performance evaluation for clinical nurses, thus testing the validity and the reliability of the scale. Method: Data was collected from 84 Head Nurses and 255 General Nurses. A conceptual framework, composed of 4 factors of meaning in task performance evaluation, was identified through review of the relevant literature. A total of 78 items were developed and were used on a five-point likert scale. Through factor analysis, items whose factor loading was below 0.50 were deleted, thus 35 items remained. To test the validity and reliability of the instrument, the SPSS 11.0 windows program was used. Result: The results of the factor analysis indicated that 4 factors were classified and the cumulative percent of variance was 67.54%. The results of the reliability test indicated that Cronbach's coefficient of the total 35 items was over 0.9176. The results of the factor analysis indicated that factor loadings of all items was over 0.50. Conclusively, the validity and the reliability of the scale were proven. Conclusion: This study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2011

The purpose this study is to develop indicators that measure the healthy housing condition of multi-family housing. The major findings are as follow: first, healthy housing was defined by physical, mental, social, and management aspects and proposed the conceptual model of hierarchy structure of evaluation of healthy housing by literature reviews. Second, evaluating items were selected based on literature reviews of existing indicators and preceding studies about both domestic and overseas multi-family housing. The evaluating indicators were identified as a total of 87 evaluating items which were composed of four dimensions and 16 attributes on the basis of the conceptual model. They cover comprehensive scope of the multi-family housing such as unit, building, complex, and site. Third, as the measurement, the 5-point ordinal scale measure was suggested. The evaluating measurement including measure standards, measure methods, and measure contents were developed by each evaluating items. Lastly, the weighting of evaluating indicators was developed by AHP method conducted by survey of an expert group. Items were identified as high contributors or low contributors. The weighting of these items could suggest several evaluations according to the situation. The level of healthy housing condition may be evaluated by both total evaluation and a specific field of evaluation.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2021

The effects on system availability, operation, and support costs were analyzed using the M&S system (MPS). The failure frequency items of current armored vehicles were identified and the MTBF of the identified items was improved. The results of this study suggest that when we reduce the frequency of failure, the availability increases, and the operation and support costs decrease. By improving the reliability of the failure frequency items, it becomes possible to upgrade or develop the weapons systems. Through this study, we confirmed that improving reliability will enhance combat readiness and reduce operation and support costs.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.818-828
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to develop a cell phone addiction scale for Korean adolescents. Methods: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation of initial items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, preliminary study, and extraction of final items. The participants were 577 adolescents in two middle schools and three high schools. Item analysis, factor analysis, criterion related validity, and internal consistency were used to analyze the data. Results: Twenty items were selected for the final scale, and categorized into 3 factors explaining 55.45% of total variance. The factors were labeled as withdrawal/tolerance (7 items), life dysfunction (6 items), and compulsion/persistence (7 items). The scores for the scale were significantly correlated with self-control, impulsiveness, and cell phone use. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 20 items was .92. Scale scores identified students as cell phone addicted, heavy users, or average users. Conclusion: The above findings indicate that the cell phone addiction scale has good validity and reliability when used with Korean adolescents.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Maternal-Fetal Interaction Belief Scale (MFIBS). Method: The research design was a methodological study. The items generated for this scale were drawn from a comprehensive literature review. Content validity was established for the MFIBS. The 26-item scale was developed to measure the construct of the MFIBS during pregnancy and tested on 186 pregnant women. Results: The final tool consist of 20 items which were sorted into 6 factors by factor analysis. The factors were identified as 'influence of pregnancy (5 items)', 'ability of fetus (3 items)', 'maternal-fetal interaction behavior (3 items)', 'practice of taegyo (3 items)', 'ability of infant (3 items)', and 'taemong (3 items)'. The six factors explained 62.37% of the total variance in the MFIBS. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .81 and the reliability of the subscales ranged from .60-.85 Guttman split-half coefficient was .66. Conclusions: This scale proves to be a effective, useful tool and suitable in Korean women for measuring the Maternal-Fetal Interaction Belief. Future studies are required for further refinement of the scale.