• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2020

Livestock husbandry is vital to economy of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China. However, there have been few surveys of the distribution of ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and tick-borne pathogens affecting domestic animals at these locations. In this study, 3,916 adult ixodid ticks infesting domestic animals were collected from 23 sampling sites during 2012-2016. Ticks were identified to species based on morphology, and the identification was confirmed based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S rRNA sequences. Ten tick species belonging to 4 genera were identified, including Rhipicephalus turanicus, Hyalomma anatolicum, Rh. bursa, H. asiaticum asiaticum, and Rh. sanguineus. DNA sequences of Rickettsia spp. (spotted fever group) and Anaplasma spp. were detected in these ticks. Phylogenetic analyses revealed possible existence of undescribed Babesia spp. and Borrelia spp. This study illustrates potential threat to domestic animals and humans from tick-borne pathogens.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2020

The genus Philanthus Fabricius, 1790 in Korea are reviewed, and two species, Philanthus triangulum and P. coronata, are treated. The former is new to Korea. This species is easily separated from congeners by dense punctures in propodral enclosure and tri-forked marking in lower face. DNA barcoding test is supportive in our identification as well as conspecitficity of Korean materials showing variation in size and coloration. The observed data on flower associations of this species specified with domestic localites and date are separately provided. The current status of Philanthus coronatus that has been the only representative of the genus but forgotten for a lengthy time in Korea is discussed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2019

Anaplasma marginale and A. platys were detected and characterized (16S rDNA sequence analysis) from dairy and indigenous cattle, and the latter in domestic dogs in Vietnam. A phylogenetic tree was inferred from 26 representative strains/species of Anaplasma spp. including 10 new sequences from Vietnam. Seven of our Vietnamese sequences fell into the clade of A. marginale and 3 into A. platys, with strong nodal support of 99 and 90%, respectively. Low genetic distances (0.2-0.4%) within each species supported the identification. Anaplasma platys is able to infect humans. Our discovery of this species in cattle and domestic dogs raises considerable concern about zoonotic transmission in Vietnam. Further systematic investigations are needed to gain data for Anaplasma spp. and members of Anaplasmataceae in animal hosts, vectors and humans across Vietnam.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.513-522
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• 1999

DNA hybridization assay using probes prepared from liver was carried out to identify species characterization of the domestic animals. Gel electrophoresis showed that the target DNA extracted from raw muscle were 1kb and uniform pattern while fragments size of heated muscle were irregular. Hybridization was performed by adding 200ng/ml probe in hybridization solution and incubating for 12 hours at $68^{\circ}C$. To obtain good discrimination, applied washing buffer and washing step differently depending on the species. The probes of pig, horse and dog formed the specific hybrids with each target DNA respectively. Although cross reaction was detected in cattle, goat and sheep but signal intensity among these species made the discrimination possible each other. Such pattern was the same in the cases of chicken, turkey and duck. The hybridization pattern of heated muscle was similar to that of raw muscle in general, but the signal intensity was inferior to that of raw muscle. Species identification between closely related animal species, hybridized using the target DNA of such closely related animal species as a blocking agent, remarkable increase of discrimination from the evident decrease of non specific reaction compared with the control group. In addition, in the admixture where certain meat was included in the beef, pork, chicken meat, we could find whether any unjust meat was admixed or not. In this case, detection limit of certain meat in admixture was 1%.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.471-475
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• 2015

We describe here a rare case of traumatic myiasis occurred in August 2014, caused by an association of 2 Diptera species, Sarcophaga tibialis Macquart (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), in a domestic cat in northern Italy. Species identification was based on adult male morphology. The present case is the first report of S. tibialis as an agent of myiasis in Italy, and also the first ever report of myiasis caused by an association of S. tibialis and L. sericata. The cat developed an extensive traumatic myiasis in a large wound on the rump, which was treated pharmacologically and surgically. The biology, ecology, and distribution of S. tibialis and L. sericata are also discussed. A literature review is provided on cases of myiasis caused by S. tibialis, and cases of myiasis by L. sericata involving cats worldwide and humans and animals in Italy.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.158-163
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 상용화 되고 있는 PCR 및 ELISA kit를 사용하여 국내에서 유통되고 있는 소, 돼지, 닭, 오리, 칠면조, 염소, 양, 말 등 8종의 식육, 혼합육, 그리고 식육가공품에 대하여 축종 감별능력을 평가하였다. 신선육에 대한 RAW meat ELISA kit$^{(R)}$의 검출한계는 축종별 함유율 0.20%~0.05% 이었고, 열처리 혼합육에서는 열처리 온도 및 시간, 그리고 축종별로 검출한계는 함유율 1.0%~0.05% 이하까지 다양한 차이를 나타내었다. 8종의 식육에 대한 축종별 감별력은 소 94.5%, 돼지 93.3%, 양 90.0%, 오리, 염소, 말, 칠면조 모두에서 100%를 나타내었다. Powercheck Animal Species ID PCR kit$^{TM}$의 경우에는 함유율 0.05%의 검출한계를 나타내었고 8종의 모든 축종에서 100%의 특이도를 나타내어 축종별 감별력이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 햄, 소시지, 분쇄가공품, 식육추출가공품 등 총 60개 식육가공품에 대한 Cooked meat ELISA kit$^{(R)}$의 감별력은 햄(35.3%), 소시지(13.6%), 분쇄가공육(12.5%)의 순으로 나타났으며, 2종 이상의 혼합육에서는 상대적으로 낮은 감별력을 보여 제조과정에서 식육간 교차오염에 의한 혼입가능성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 쇠고기 육포 54개 제품에 대하여 다른 고기 혼입여부를 PCR Kit로 검사한 결과 13개 제품에서 돼지고기 유전자가 검출되었지만 ELISA Kit에서는 모두 음성으로 나타났다. PCR 양성 시료의 제조공정 중 교차오염 여부를 조사한 결과, 텀블러, 채반, 절단기, 건조기가 쇠고기 및 돼지고기 육포 생산라인에 동일하게 사용되어 교차오염에 의한 혼입으로 추정되었다. 종교적 이유 및 일부 특정 육류에 대한 알러지 반응 등 식품안전 확보차원에서 제품의 원재료의 올바른 표시와 식육간 교차오염이 발생되지 않도록 철저한 품질관리가 되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.276-282
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• 2008

우리나라는 전 세계 녹용의 약 80% 이상을 소비하고 있는 양록 대국이나 최근 국내 녹용시장에서의 녹용 둔갑판매 및 불법유통 현상이 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 녹용의 종 감별 기술을 개발하고자 현재 국내에서 유통되고 있는 러시아산 원용, 북미산 대록, 국산화용, 중국산 깔깔이 및 알래스카산 순록 등 5종의 대표적인 녹용들을 대상으로 종간 염기서열 변이성이 매우 높은 유전자로 알려져 있는 mt DNA내 cytochrome b 및 D-loop 유전자 영역의 염기서열 분석 및 종간 변이성 비교분석을 수행하였다. 각 녹용시료에서 mt DNA를 분리하고 cytochrome b와 D-loop유전자의 특정 영역을 포함하는 primer를 설계 합성하고 PCR로 증폭한 후 DNA 증폭산물의 염기서열을 분석하여 종간 유전정보의 동일성 여부를 비교한 결과 녹용 종간에 명확한 차이를 보이는 염기서열 부위가 검출되었고 이러한 종간 염기배열 차이에 근거하여 녹용의 종 감별이 가능하였다. 또한, mt DNA cytochrome b유전자에서 종간 특이적 염기서열을 인지하는 두 종류의 제한효소(NlaIV 및 TaqI)을 이용한 PCR-RFLP 기법으로 녹용으로 인정되지 않는 순록의 종 특이적 RFLP 분자표지를 검출하였고 이를 이용하여 녹용과 순록간의 종 판별이 가능하였다. 한편, D-loop 유전자의 특정 영역 염기서열 분석기법을 이용하여 시중에서 러시아산 원용으로 유통되고 있는 녹용 절편 32개를 무작위표본 추출하여 녹용의 종 감별을 조사한 결과 러시아산 원용으로 인정되는 것은 62.5%에 불과하였고 나머지는 중국산 마록(25.0%)과 엘크 및 순록의 아종으로 추정되는 시료도 일부 검출되었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 사슴 녹용 mt DNA 유전자의 염기서열 유전정보 변이 차이를 이용한 염기서열 분석법과 특정 제한효소(NlaIV 및 TaqI)를 이용한 PCR-RFLP 기법은 녹용의 과학적인 종 감별과 이를 바탕으로 녹용 원산지의 추정도 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1684-1690
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• 2014

Estrogen and its receptors are essential hormones for normal reproductive function in males and females during developmental stage. To better understand the effect of estrogen receptor (ER) gene in yak (Bos grunniens), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out to clone $ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$ genes. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the evolutionary relationship between yaks and other species, and real-time PCR was performed to identify the mRNA expression of $ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$. Sequence analysis showed that the ER open reading frames (ORFs) encoded 596 and 527 amino acid proteins. The yak $ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$ shared 45.3% to 99.5% and 53.9% to 99.1% protein sequence identities with other species homologs, respectively. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that $ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$ were expressed in a variety of tissues, but the expression level of $ER{\alpha}$ was higher than that of $ER{\beta}$ in all tissues, except testis. The mRNA expression of $ER{\alpha}$ was highest in the mammary gland, followed by uterus, oviduct, and ovary, and lowest in the liver, kidney, lung, testis, spleen, and heart. The $ER{\beta}$ mRNA level was highest in the ovary; intermediary in the uterus and oviduct; and lowest in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, mammary gland, and testis. The identification and tissue distribution of ER genes in yaks provides a foundation for the further study on their biological functions.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.383-387
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• 2015

국내 유통 식품 수입 식품 중 토끼와 고양이 고기의 혼입 여부를 알아내고 불법 도축된 고양이 고기를 토끼 고기나 다른 고기로 속여 판매하는 것을 방지하기 위해 토끼와 고양이를 동시에 검출할 수 있는 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 법을 개발하였다. 토끼와 고양이의 종 특이 프라이머는 미토콘드리아의 cytochrome b 유전자를 대상으로 하였고 개발된 프라이머를 가공식품에 활용하는 것을 고려하여 PCR 산물의 크기는 토끼 101 bp, 고양이 191 bp로 최소화 하였다. 프라이머의 특이성은 총 21종의 동물을 대상으로 검토하였다. 개발된 검출법의 검출 한계는 시료 DNA를 희석하여 PCR과 Bioanalyzer로 확인한 결과 토끼는 0.005 ng, 고양이는 0.0005 ng이었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

This study is aimed to find out distribution status of online-market livestock products by purchasing and examining 120 cases of livestock products (seasoned meat: 17, 33 cases of packaged meat, 23 cases of ground meat, 19 cases of ham, 11 cases of sausage, 4 cases of bacon, 1 case of meat processing, 8 cases of Meat extract processed, and 4 cased of Dry storage of meat) at 17 On-line markets from April to August. 2015. We checked the weight of them first, and carried out ingredients test for each of processed meats. And we performed gene screening test on the products which were labelled 'Hanwoo' to investigate that the products were made of Korean native cattle. we also carried out test of identifying domestic animal species on ham, sausage and ground processed products. After weighing all products, we could know that all of them were delivered more than labelled weight or in allowable error. The result values of test which measured level of preservatives, Nitrite, Volatile Basic Nitrite (VBN), and tar Color by the type of processed meat products were in permissible range or not detected. Also, 17 beefs inspected Korean native cattle gene test were confirmed that they were made by real korean native cattle. But 2 cases of Ham, sausage, and ground processed products had difference between label and goods. In this study, we could make a decision that livestock products, distributed in On-line markets, were safe and expect to make higher degrees of hygiene for livestock products seller. Futhermore, we hoped result of this study could be used by basic data for progressive national policy decisions.