• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.278-281
• /
• 2017

Since 2006, type 1 diabetes in Finland has plateaued and then decreased after the authorities' decision to fortify dietary milk products with cholecalciferol. The role of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity is critical. A statistical error in the estimation of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin D was recently discovered; in a correct analysis of the data used by the Institute of Medicine, it was found that 8895 IU/d was needed for 97.5% of individuals to achieve values ${\geq}50nmol/L$. Another study confirmed that 6201 IU/d was needed to achieve 75 nmol/L and 9122 IU/d was needed to reach 100 nmol/L. The largest meta-analysis ever conducted of studies published between 1966 and 2013 showed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <75 nmol/L may be too low for safety and associated with higher all-cause mortality, demolishing the previously presumed U-shape curve of mortality associated with vitamin D levels. Since all-disease mortality is reduced to 1.0 with serum vitamin D levels ${\geq}100nmol/L$, we call public health authorities to consider designating as the RDA at least three-fourths of the levels proposed by the Endocrine Society Expert Committee as safe upper tolerable daily intake doses. This could lead to a recommendation of 1000 IU for children <1 year on enriched formula and 1500 IU for breastfed children older than 6 months, 3000 IU for children >1 year of age, and around 8000 IU for young adults and thereafter. Actions are urgently needed to protect the global population from vitamin D deficiency.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.497-501
• /
• 2016

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between pre-operative CA-125 levels and myometrial invasion in patients with early-stage endometrioid-type endometrial cancer. Materials and Methods: Two-hundred and sixty patients were diagnosed with endometrial cancer between January 2007 and December 2012. Of these, 136 patients with stage 1 endometrioid histologic-type and documented pre-operative serum CA-125 levels were included in the study. Age, preoperative CA-125 level, histologic grade, surgical grade, and presence of deep myometrial invasion were recorded. Additionally, 16, 20, and 35 IU/ml cutoff values were used and compared to evaluate the relationship between pre-operative CA-125 levels and myometrial invasion. Results: The average serum CA-125 level was $35.4{\pm}36.7$ in patients with deep myometrial invasion, and $21.5{\pm}35.8$ in cases without deep myometrial invasion. The relationship between the presence of deep myometrial invasion and CA-125 cut-off values (16, 20, 35 IU/ml) was statistically significant, although the correlation was weak (p<0.05). When the relationship between 16, 20 and 35 IU/ml CA-125 cut-off values and the presence of deep myometrial invasion was studied, specifity and sensitivity values were identified as: 0.60-0.68 for 16 IU/ml; 0.73-0.48 for 20 IU/ml; and 0.89-0.33 for 35 IU/ml. The sensitivity of 16 IU/ml cut-off value was higher when compared to other values. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that preoperative serum CA-125 values maybe used as a predictive test in patients with early stage endometrioid-type endometrium cancer, and as a prognostic factor alone. Further studies should be conducted to identify different CA-125 cut-off values in patients with low risk endometrial cancer.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.48-54
• /
• 1994

HEK 세포 배양액 중에 존재하는 scu-PA와 tc-PA의 보다 정확한 측정을 위해 fibrin plate법과 기존의 amidolytic 방법을 변형시킨 측정법을 이용했다. 1%의 저혈청 배지를 이용한 T-flask 배양에서 $1.65{\times}10^6$(viable cells/ml)의 최대 세포수에 도달하여 1670(IU/ml)의 scu-PA 생산량을 보였으며 평균 10% 미만이 변환율을 보였다. 또한 Spinner vessel에서의 회분배양시 최대 세포수가 $4.43{\times}10^6(total cells/ml)$ 와 1560(IU/ml)의 scu-PA 생산량을 나타냈으며 평균 11.4%의 변환율을 보였다. 연속배양에서는 0.449(1/day)의 비생육속도와 $3.13{\times}10^{-4}(IU/cell)$의 비생산속도를 보였으며 평균 10.18% 정도의 전환율을 보였다. 이는 회분식 및 유가식 배양 결과와 큰 차이가 없으며 배양공정에 관계없이 약 90% 이상의 회수율이 가능하다는 것을 의미한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.91-96
• /
• 2002

Objective : To evaluate luteinizing hormone (LH) in patients with infertility and recurrent spontaneous abortion. Material and Method: LH was tested by solid phase immunoradiometric assay based on monoclonal and polyclonal anti-LH antibodies. Results: Of 100 infertile patients, the number of less than 5 mIU/ml, 5$\sim$10 mIU/ml, greater than 10 mIU/ml in LH level was 67 (67%), 22 (22%), 11 (11%), respectively. Of 100 patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion, the number of less than 5 mIU/ml, 5$\sim$10 mIU/ml, greater than 10 mIU/ml in LH level was 79 (79%), 18 (18%), 3 (3%), respectively. There was a significant difference between patients with infertility and recurrent spontaneous abortion only in the group with LH level greater than 10 mIU/ml (p=.0325). Conclusions: High LH in the follicular phase is known to decrease pregnancy rate and increase abortion rate. But in this study the incidence of high LH in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion was low. On the contrary, there was a significant increase of LH in infertile patients. So recurrent spontaneous abortion does not seem to be related to high LH level.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권12호
• /
• pp.5037-5041
• /
• 2015

Background: An hCG regression curve has been used to predict the natural history and response to chemotherapy in gestational trophoblastic disease. We constructed hCG regression curves in high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) treated with EMA/CO and identified an optimal hCG level to detect EMA/CO resistance in GTN. Materials and Methods: Eighty-one women with GTN treated with EMA/CO were classified as primary high-risk GTN (n = 65) and single agent-resistance GTN (n = 16). The hCG levels prior to each course of chemotherapy were plotted in the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles to construct the hCG regression curves. Diagnostic performance was evaluated for an optimal cut-off value. Results: The median hCG levels were 264,482 mIU/mL mIU/mL and 495.5 mIU/mL mIU/mL for primary high-risk GTN and single agent-resistance GTN, respectively. The 50th percentile of the hCG level in primary high-risk GTN and single agent-resistance turned to normal before the 4th and the 2nd course of chemotherapy, respectively. The 90th percentile of the hCG level in primary high-risk GTN and single agent-resistance turned to normal before the 9th and the 2nd course of chemotherapy, respectively. The hCG level of ${\geq}118.6mIU/mL$ mIU/mL at the 5thcourse of EMA/CO predicted the EMA/CO resistance in primary high-risk GTN patients with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion: EMA/CO resistance in primary high-risk GTN can be predicted by using an hCG regression curve in combination with the cut-off value of 118.6 mIU/mL at the 5thcourse of chemotherapy.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 산란노계를 이용해 훈제닭을 만들기 위해서 실행되었다. 70∼72주령된 산란노계를 이용하여 시판용 일반사료 (대조구)에 100 IU의 $\alpha$-토코페롤과 10%오징어 간유를 썩은 사료 (처리구)를 15일간 급여시킨 후 도계하였다. 그리고 소우스액 침지, 삶기 및 시판용 훈연 소우스를 살포하는 훈연 과정을 거쳐서 새로운 제품을 만들었다. 훈제닭 (처리구) 중의 수분 및 조회분 함량은 대조구에 비해서 각각 증가하는 경향 및 유의하게 증가하였다 (P＜0.05). 훈제닭의 근육중의 EPA 및 DHA 함량은 100 IU $\alpha$-토코페롤과 10% 오징어 간유를 섭취 할 때 유의하게 높았다 (P＜0.01). 훈연닭 중의 아미노산의 함량은 100 IU $\alpha$-토코페롤과 10% 오징어 간유를 섭취하는 것에 의한 영향은 인정되지 않았다. 훈제닭에 대해서 500명 이상의 설문조사도 받았다. 이상의 결과를 고려할 때 산란노계를 이용한 훈제닭을 만드는 것이 가능해진 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.31-35
• /
• 1985

This study was carried out with 46 cows to investigate the ovarian response to the administration of PMSG, PGF2$\alpha$ and hCG, and the developmental stage of embryos recovered. Superovulation was induced by the injection of 2,000IU to 3,000IU PMSG on the days of 7-13 of the estrus cycle followed 48 hours later by the injection of 22.5mg PGF2$\alpha$. Of 29 cows treated with 3,000IU PMSG and 22.5mg PGF2$\alpha$ 18 cows were given 2,000IU hCG at the onset and 7 after artificial insemination. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The number of developed follicles per cow after an injection of 2,000, 2,500, 3,000IU of PMSG and 3,000 PMSG-2,000IU hCG in combination with 22.5mg PGF2$\alpha$ were 12.6, 19.6, 21.5 and 29.3, respectively. This result indicated that the no. of developed follicles per cow was increased according to the increase of PMSG dosage and the combination with hCG injection. 2. The highest number of ovulation was 17.1 in cows treated with PMSG-hCG and the number of matured corpus luteum was increase as the dosage of PMSG was higher. 3. Ovulation rate from cows treated with 2,500IU PMSG was 71.0% and this reulst was higher than the average of ovulation rate (59.3%). 4. Average recovery rate was 36.8%(232/631), and the number of ova per cow was 5.0. 5. Of 232 recovered embryos, the number of morulae and blastocysts were 76 (32.8%) and 83 (35.8%), respectively. 6. 28.4% of total recovered embryos was abonormal morphologically.

• 한국양식학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2000

사육수조내 자연산란이 이루어지지 않는 범가자미 암컷을 대상으로 호르몬 처리에 의안 인위적 성숙.배란 유도 실험이 이루어졌다. 산란시기에 범가자미 체중 kg당 HCG 265~678 IU, 17${\alpha}$ 20${\beta}$ OHP 0.5~1.0${\mu}$g 농도의 복강주사와 LHRHa 63~81 ${\mu}$g의 펠렛을 투여한 결과, HCG농도 약 300 IU가 범가자미의 최정성숙과 배란유도에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 17${\alpga}$ 20${\beta}$ OHP와 대조군에서는 난의 성숙이 거의 진행되지 않았으며, LHRHa 펠렛 실험군에서도 난의 최종성숙과 배란이 일어나지 않았다. 따라서 범가자미 암컷의 경우 현재 많이 사용되고 있는 LHRHa 펠렛 투여보다도 저농도의 HCG (dir 300 IU/kg 체중)o 주사가 난의 최종성숙과 배란에 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.15-18
• /
• 1983

As a preliminary experiment to establish the process of embryo transfer in rabbit, present sutdies were carried out with 75 mature Japanese of ovary to pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin(PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG) and collection rate of embryos at various times after hCG injection. Female rabbits were superovulated using 50∼100IU hCG or 75∼100IU PMSG and 50∼751IU hCG injected 83hrs apart. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The average number of growth follicles obtained from all of rabbits treated with hCG or PMSG-hCG was 28.1. PMSG-hCG treatment group (30.9) was clearly increased more than hCG treatment group (16.7). 2. In ovulation score, PMSG-hCG treatment group (21.0) was increased more than hCG treatment group (7.9), showing the same trends in the growth of follicles. 3. The ovulation rate per follicles developed was higher in the rabbits treated with 100 IU PMSG and 75 IU hCG (18.9%) than that from the other groups. 4. The oviduct score (72.9%) was inclined to higher than that from uteri (57.1%) in score of embryo collection.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보처리학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.1306-1309
• /
• 2007

본 논문에서는 indoor 환경에서 CR 네트워크를 이용하기 위한 방안으로 CR-Wi-Fi device 시스템을 제안했으며 IU 을 보호하는 방법으로 CR beaconing 을 제안했다. IU 가 출현하면 UHF, VHF band 와 ISM band 로 동시에 이를 알리고 CR 네트워크가 간섭을 주는 경우 사용 중이던 채널 사용을 중지 혹은 이동하도록 명령해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 CR beaconing 방식을 제안하여 보다 효과적인 IU 보호 및 복구를 수행하도록 하였다.