• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Nucleotide sequence in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA among mulberry varieties (Morus species) were analyzed in order to identify the possibility of classification for the species. The variations in the ITS regions were compared among 9 mulberry varieties and one variety of Cudrania species as an outgroup. ITS 1 region of the varieties ranging from 219 to 220 bp in length was 49-50 bp shorter than ITS 2 region. Of 510 sites in the ITS 1 and 2 regions, 148 sites were potentially variable, of which 52% and 48% sites were distributed in ITS 1 and ITS 2 regions, respectively. By pairwise comparisons on the nucleotide sequences in the ITS 1 and 2 regions among 9 mulberry varieties, they were classified into 5 groups. Divergence values of the sequences, however, were considerably low ranging from 0 to 1.3%. Especially, there was no divergence among Backasipmunja, Chungilppong and Milsungpong and Jungyasang, Ssarigol II and Yulbon, respectively.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.220-227
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• 2007

The development of suitable genetic markers would be useful for defining species and delineating the species boundaries of morphologically indistinguishable sponges. In this study, genetic variation in the sequences of nuclear rDNA and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and 3 (CO1 and CO3) regions were compared in morphologically indistinguishable Korean Halichondriidae sponges in order to determine the most suitable species-specific molecular marker region. The maximal congeneric nucleotide divergences of Halichondriidae sponges in CO1 and CO3 are similar to those found among anthozoan cnidarians, but they are 2- to 8-fold lower than those found among genera of other triploblastic metazoans. Ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS: ITS1 + ITS2) showed higher congeneric variation (17.28% in ITS1 and 10.29% in ITS2) than those of CO1 and CO3. Use of the guidelines for species thresholds suggested in the recent literature indicates that the mtDNA regions are not appropriate for use as species-specific DNA markers for the Halichondriidae sponges, whereas the rDNA ITS regions are suitable because ITS exhibits a low level of intraspecific variation and a relatively high level of interspecific variation. In addition, to test the reliability of the ITS regions for identifying Halichondriidae sponges by PCR, a species-specific multiplex PCR primer set was developed.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2005

Molecular profIles of PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA were compared between morphologically distinguishable species of Trichoderma isolated from substrates of oyster mushroom in Korea, T. atroviride, T. citrinoviride, T. harzianum, T. longibrachiatum, T. virens, and two unidentified species, Trichoderma sp. 1 and 2. PCR­RFLP analysis divided the Trichoderma spp. into six RFLP groups, A, B, C, D, E, and F. The RFLP groups were generally agreed with described morphological species, except that the RFLP group A containing the two unidentified species. A neighbor-joining tree based on ITS sequences well supported RFLP groups observed by RFLP analysis of ITS regions of rDNA. Additionally, the two unidentified species, Trichoderma sp. 1 and 2, which could not be distinguished by PCR­RFLP analysis, were separated in sequence analysis of ITS regions of rDNA.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.50.2-50.2
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• 2010

Magnetic helicity injection in 28 solar active regions producing 46 CMEs was investigated to find its relationship with the occurrence and speed of CMEs. The helicity injection in the active regions under investigation was calculated using full-disk 96 minute MDI magnetograms. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, the 46 CMEs are categorized into two different groups by two characteristic evolution patterns of helicity injection in their active regions: (1) a monotonically increasing of helicity accumulation (Group A; 30 CMEs in 23 active regions) and (2) significant helicity injection followed by its sign reversal (Group B; 16 CMEs in 5 active regions). Second, a fairly good correlation between the helicity injection rate and the CME speed is found for the 30 CME events in Group A. Further statistical studies, however, are needed to check whether the two characteristic helicity patterns are shown in other CME-productive active regions.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2011

The taxonomy of the umbelliferous species Angelica amurensis and its allies was reviewed on the basis of molecular phylogenies derived from sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Strict consensus of six minimal length 119-step trees derived from equally weighted maximum parsimony analysis of combined nuclear rDNA ITS1 and ITS2 sequences from 29 accessions of Angelica and outgroups indicated that Angelica purpuraefolia, known to be endemic to Korea, is the same species as A. amurensis. Comparisons of sequence pairs across both spacer regions revealed identity or 1-2 bp differences between A. purpuraefolia and A. amurensis. These results indicated that the two taxa are not distinguished taxonomically. Also, nuclear rDNA ITS regions are discussed as potential barcoding loci for identifying Korean Angelica.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2014

The authors emphasize that the Republic of Kazakhstan is characterized by significant differences in the level of innovation capacity of regions. This article summarizes that the result of the monitoring of innovation potential of the regions are prerequisites for innovation policy adjustments, make it more dynamic, which ultimately contributes to its effectiveness. So, there are substantial differences in the level of innovation potential of the regions in the Republic of Kazakhstan, meanwhile it is noted that most regions' innovative features and potential can be assessed as average. After analysis of previously used methods, it can be concluded that the ranking of the level of innovation potential of regions takes place in the following order: High level of innovative potential: East Kazakhstan (3 matches), Almaty city (2 matches), Pavlodar (2 matches) and Zhambyl regions (2 matches); Low level of innovative potential: Almaty (2 matches), Mangistau (2 matches), West Kazakhstan (2 matches), Kyzylorda oblast (2 matches). In conclusion, it is emphasized that monitoring of innovative potential of regions creates the preconditions for innovation policy adjustments. These adjustments make the policy more dynamic and contribute to its effectiveness in the long run.

• 천문학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2019

We demonstrate the subsurface origin of the observed evolution of the solar active region 10930 (AR10930) associated with merging and breakup of magnetic polarity regions at the solar surface. We performed a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of an emerging magnetic flux tube whose field-line twist is asymmetrically distributed along its axis, which is a key to merging and fragmentation in this active region. While emerging into the surface, the flux tube is subjected to partial splitting of its weakly twisted portion, forming separate polarity regions at the solar surface. As emergence proceeds, these separate polarity regions start to merge and then break up, while in the corona sigmoidal structures form and a solar eruption occurs. We discuss what physical processes could be involved in the characteristic evolution of an active region magnetic field that leads to the formation of a sunspot surrounded by satellite polarity regions.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.562-574
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• 2003

이 연구는 아주 최근에 새롭게 제기된 세계도시지역론을 고찰하고 이에 기초하여 한국의 지역발전 정책을 위한 함의를 제안하고 있다. 세계의 주요한 거대도시지역으로. 이루어진 정치ㆍ경제적 조직체 또는 다중심적 구조를 지닌 새로운 규모의 도시조직으로 정의되는 세계도시지역은 세계경제의 역동적인 성장뿐만 아니라 지역발전도 동시에 유발함으로써 세계화시대에서 대안적인 신지역주기 발전모델로 평가된다. 한국에서 세계도시지역모델의 정책적 적용은 특히, 비수도권의 거대도시지역의 세계적 경쟁력 강화와 수도권과 비수도권 간의 극심한 지역격차를 완화하기 위해서 필요시 된다. 그러나 부산, 대구, 광주, 대전 등의 비수도권의 광역시가 세계도시지역으로 발전하기 위해서는 시ㆍ도 통합과 지방분권과 같은 제도개혁이 선행되지 않으면 안 된다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.36.1-36.1
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• 2011

It is generally believed that eruptive phenomena in the solar atmosphere such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) occur in the solar active regions with complex magnetic structures. Magnetic helicity has been recognized as a useful parameter to measure the complexity such as twists, kinks, and inter-linkages of magnetic field lines. The objective of this study is to understand a long-term (a few days) variation of magnetic helicity in active regions and its relationship with the energy buildup and instability leading to flares and CMEs. Statistical studies of flare productivity and magnetic helicity injection in about 400 active regions were carried out. The temporal variation of magnetic helicity injected through the photosphere of active regions was also examined related to 46 CMEs. The main findings in this study are as follows: (1) the study of magnetic helicity for active regions producing major flares and CMEs indicates that there is always a significant helicity injection through the active-region photosphere over a long period of 0.5 - a few days before the flares and CMEs; (2) for the 30 CMEs under investigation, it is found that there is a fairly good correlation (linear correlation coefficient of 0.71) between the average helicity injection in the CME-productive active regions and the CME speed. Beside the scientific contribution, a major impact of this study is the observational discovery of a characteristic variation pattern of magnetic helicity injection in flare/CME-productive active regions which can be used for the improvement of solar eruption forecasting.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.575-591
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• 2011

We present a novel active contour-based two-pass approach to extract smooth feature regions from a triangular mesh. In the first pass, an active contour formulated in level-set surfaces is devised to extract feature regions with rough boundaries. In the second pass, the rough boundary curve is smoothed by minimizing internal energy, which is derived from its curvature. The separation of the extraction and smoothing process enables us to extract feature regions with smooth boundaries from a triangular mesh without user's initial model. Furthermore, smooth feature curves can also be obtained by skeletonizing the smooth feature regions. We tested our algorithm on facial models and proved its excellence.