• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.1
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• pp.96-106
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper was to identify the effects of elimination of entrance fee (EEF) affecting visitor's satisfaction (VS) and management sectors such as natural resources (NRs), park facilities, transportation, visitor service, visitor atmosphere (VA) in national parks (NPs). This research had obtained data through a questionnaire, which surveyed 336 visitors at Gayasan NP in 2006. The data were analyzed the data using descriptive statistical methods, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression method. It was found that 1) About EEF, 72.6% of respondents agreed. 2) As entrance fee was abolished, respondents predicted that degree of VA such as crowding, waste throwing, disorder etc. grew worse most. On the other hands, respondents predicted number and quality of commercial lodging facilities, festival, and local products would improved. 3) Respondents predicted that degree of VS would worse. 4) in multiple regression analysis, the relative contribution of the VA on VS have been determined to have respectively 1.84 times more important than that of the change degree of NRs. The results suggested that the management of VA in NP was the most important factor to prevent decline of VS. This paper would be helpful to establish national park management policy after EEF.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.88-96
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• 2017

The construction standards in Korea consist of design standards and specifications. They are provided by the national transportation electronic information center in file format, not in a DB, which may lead to their incomplete utilization and versatility, such as a lack of history management and reference functions. This also makes it difficult to cross-refer to standards and manage revision history. In this study, we developed a code management system for the national construction standards by analyzing domestic and overseas related systems, in order to pinpoint the problems in the current system and its development direction and, thus, to suggest a detailed plan for the design and implementation of a code management system. The developed system comprises four subsystems, namely a construction standards making system, construction standards service system, construction standards maintenance system and construction standards portal system. The results of this study are expected to improve the user's convenience by facilitating the revision, operation and history management of the complex and various construction standards, and to provide high-quality national construction standards by effectively supporting the revision and operation of the national construction standards with minimum duplication and conflicts.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.880-891
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to describe nursing decision tasks, their characteristics, and problems associated with decision making. The subjects were 32 nurses who had at least one-year nursing experience and worked on medical-surgical units or intensive care units(ICU). They were asked to describe their decision making experiences in patient care situations and to identify the characteristics of each decisions. They were also asked to describe perceived problems associated with decision making in nursing. The responses on nursing decision tasks and problems were analyzed with content analysis and the decision characteristics were identified by statistical analysis of variance. It was found that there were 16 nursing decisions which are as follows : decisions related to interpreting and selecting appropriate strategies for pain management(6.6%) ; decisions related to providing emotional support (0.7%) ; decisions related to explaining the patient's condition and rationale for procedures(1.1%) ; decisions related to assisting patients to integrate the implications of illness and recovering into their lifestyles(2.9%) ; decisions related to detecting significant changes In patients and selecting appropriate intervention strategies (17.2%) ; decisions related to anticipating problems and selecting preventive measures(4.2%) ; decisions related to identifying emergency situations(0.4%) ; decisions related to effective management of patient crisis until physician assistance becomes available(2.8%) ; decisions related to starting and maintaining intravenous therapy(2.6%) ; decisions related to administering medications(8.1%) ; decisions related to combating the hazards of immobility(7.3%) : decisions related to treating wound management strategies(5.5%) ; decisions related to relieving patient discomfort(13.9) ; decisions related to selecting appropriate strategy according to the changing situation of the patient(18.2%) ; decisions related to selecting the best strategy for patient management(5.3%) ; and decisions related to coordinating, ordering, and meeting the various needs of the patient (3.1%). The nurses reported the fellowing problems in decision making : difficulties due to lack of knowledge and experience (18.6%) ; uncertainty and complexity of decision tasks(15.2%) ; lack of time to make decisions(2.9%) ; personal values which conflict with other staff(15.7%) ; lack of selection autonomy(30.0%) ; and organizational barriers(7.6%). Continuing education programs and decision support systems for frequent nursing decision tasks can be established on the basis of these results. Then decision ability in nurses will increase through the education programs and decision support systems, and then quality of nursing service will be better.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.34-42
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• 2009

This study was executed to introduce a greenhouse style "Evergreen Park" to apartment complexes to target hands-on resident participation and application rather than a mere viewing of the plants as a way to provide convenient and profitable service to residents in a year-round center of usable outside space. The four key points can be summarized as follows: first, subtropical plants are evergreen broad-leaved trees, which maintain their green during all four seasons the leaves are thick and glossy. Greenhouses geared toward these subtropical trees-mainly broad-leaved evergreen species-are in planning to introduce these unique, elegant plants to temperate regions. Residentswill not only gain an education regarding these species but will be provided with the best quality evergreens at very reasonable maintenance costs. Second, subtropical plants greenhouses introduced in apartment complexes are suggested for structures connected via underground passage as well as free-standing structures so as to make use of geothermal heating and apply to reducing sunlighting. Third, as a way to provide (1) health & relaxation(evergreens, herb garden, water space), (2) community & education (plant flea market/plant hospital, plant-related lecture(exhibition), hands-on experience program), (3) a vine garden for year-round use such festivities as a Butterfly Festival, Aroma festival, Smile Oak Nuts, Candlelight Festival and Christmas Photo Site. Lastly, it has been suggested that the operation and maintenance of these greenhouses will be both by resident council operation management and by outsourcing company operation management.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.87-101
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• 2015

This study was aimed to make data how much spent money of medical utilization and direct medical cost. In order to research we were using Korea Health panel 2012 Statistics which data contained Diabetes mellitus client 812 people in age 19. The method of this study was emergency cost, admission medical cost, out patient department cost(client own due, National Health insurance service due, not insurance fee). The result of this study, Diabete Mellitus client were using 198 times during 1 year per 100, total medical direct cost were 859,942 won, 447,359 won, 363,255,508. And admission times were 5.6 times per year, total direct cost was 772,240 won, 4,061,982 won, and 3,298,329,384 won, and out patient clinic using number was 10 times, medical cost total direct cost containing total direct cost was 11,978 won, 26,020 won, and 21,129,240 won. From this research we conclusion that the occurrence of diabetes mellitus can be increased medical cost and direct medical cost and it can be huge burden to client including their family and quality of life in the future. We suggest that in order to prevention and management of diabetes mellitus healthy diet, activity, blood sugar, and blood management should be encouragement.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.708-713
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• 2003

For many years clustered heterogeneous web server architecture has been formed on the internet because the explosive internet services and the various quality of requests. The critical point in cluster environment is the mapping schemes of request to server. and recently this is the main issue of internet architecture. The topic of previous mapping methods is to assign equal loads to servers in cluster using the number of requests. But recent growth of various services makes it hard to depend on simple load balancing to satisfy appropriate latency. So mapping based on requested content to decrease response time and to increase cache hit rates on entire servers - so called “content-based” mapping is highly valuated on the internet recently. This paper proposes Prioritized Highest Random Weight mapping(PHRW mapping) that improves content-based mapping to properly fit in the heterogeneous environment. This mapping scheme that assigns requests to the servers with priority, is very effective on heterogeneous web server cluster, especially effective on decreasing latency of reactive data service which has limit on latency. This paper have proved through algorithm and simulation that proposed PHRW mapping show higher-performance by decrease in latency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.62-68
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• 2016

The feeder cable assembly is an automotive part used for telecommunication. If it malfunctions, the control and safety of the automobile can be put at risk. ALT (Accelerated Life Testing) is a testing process for products in which they are subjected to conditions (stress, strain, temperatures, etc.) in excess of their normal service parameters in an attempt to uncover faults and potential modes of failure in a short amount of time. Failure is caused by defects in the design, process, quality, or application of the part, and these defects are the underlying causes of failure or which initiate a process leading to failure. Thermal shock occurs when a thermal gradient causes different parts of an object to expand by different amounts. Thermal shock testing is performed to determine the ability of parts and components to withstand sudden changes in temperature. In this research, the main causes of failure of the feeder cable assembly were snapping, shorting and electro-pressure resistance failure. Using the Coffin-Manson model for ALT, the normal conditions were from Tmax = $80^{\circ}C$ to Tmin = $-40^{\circ}C$, the accelerated testing conditions were from Tmax = $120^{\circ}C$ to Tmin = $-60^{\circ}C$, the AF (Acceleration Factor) was 2.25 and the testing time was reduced from 1,000 cycles to 444 cycles. Using the Bxlife test, the number of samples was 5, the required life was B0.04%.10years, in the acceleration condition, 747 cycles were obtained. After the thermal shock test under different conditions, the feeder cable assembly was examined by a network analyzer and compared with the Weibull distribution modulus parameter. The results obtained showed good results in acceleration life test mode. For the same reliability rate, the testing time was decreased by a quarter using ALT.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.555-564
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• 2016

This paper proposes a time slot allocation scheme for military patrol environments. This proposal comes from analysis of traffic properties in a military patrol environment. In the near future, robots are expected to explore enemy grounds and measure threat, taking the place of human patrol. In order to control such robots, control messages must be extremely accurate. One mistake from the control center could cause a tragedy. Thus, high reliability must be guaranteed. Another goal is to maintain a continual flow of multimedia data sent from patrol robots. That is, QoS (Quality of Service) must be guaranteed. In order to transmit data while fulfilling both attributes, the per-path based centralized TDMA slot allocation scheme is recommended. The control center allocates slots to robots allowing synchronization among robots. Slot allocation collisions can also be avoided. The proposed scheme was verified through the ns-3 simulator. The scheme showed a higher packet delivery ratio than the algorithm in comparison. It also performed with shorter delay time in the downlink traffic transmission scenario than the algorithm in comparison.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.650-657
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• 2006

The music is a part of our daily life in these days. And when the people listen to the music, they are affected by the context. However, previous researches on the music recommendation system have the problem that they didn't consider the proper contextual information efficiently. They only used the content-based filtering or the method to use musical metadata (genre, artist, etc.). Recently, there are some researches about the music recommendation system which applies the status(temperature, humidity, etc.) of environments. But, it is difficult to be accepted by the contextual information. Therefore, we propose the music recommendation system that is dynamically applied by the contextual information as well as the metadata in the previous researches. And the system can provide users with the music that they want to listen to, and then the users can be more satisfied. Also, the services can be improved by the feedback of the users. In order to solve this problem, the context-information for selecting a music list is defined and the music recommendation system is designed by using the content-based filtering method. The system is suitable for the user's taste and the context. The music recommendation system we are proposing uses an OSGi framework in the home network. As a result, the satisfaction of users and the quality of services will be improved more efficiently by supporting the mobility of services as well as the distributed processing.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to establish experimentally the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete using kenaf dosages and propose the usable method of kenaf fiber in the concrete industry as natural fiber materials. Kenaf fiber help make the concrete strength including tensile and flexural stronger, more resistant to plastic and drying shrinkage, less amount of carbon dioxide because of having a rough surface and excellent tensile strength of fiber and improving the concrete's corrosion resistance. It is to select the kenaf dosages of 4 cases (0, 0.3, 0.6 and $0.9kg/m^3$ and perform various tests including slump, air content, plastic and drying shrinkage, flexural and tensile strength for fiber reinforced concrete. The results of this study are as follows : In case of increasing kenaf fiber dosages, show the slump decrease and air content increase, also take effect results for increasing concrete strength including flexural and tensile, decreasing plastic and drying shrinkage. therefore, considered test results and cost, the optimum dosages of kenaf fiber is proposed about $0.6kg/m^3$ and need to study on the site application considering concrete quality and another compared tests.