• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2002

A case-controlled, 12 week follow-up, study was designed to investigate the effect of dietician-delivered medical nutrition therapy (MNT) on the nutritional status and quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Subjects were recruited at Kyung-Hee Medical Center and were randomly assigned to two groups : the control and the MNT group. The MNT group received individualized MNT for 12 weeks. The results were as follows: 1) The mean ages of the control (n = 20) and MNT (n = 24) groups were 50.6 $\pm$ 14.8 and 45.7 $\pm$ 14.0 years, and the mean durations of dialysis were 2.3 $\pm$ 2.3 and 1.7 $\pm$ 1.9 years, respectively. The interdialysis weight gain of the subjects was higher than that recommended. 2) The indicators of the subjects nutritional status showed that S to 25% of the subjects had some degree of malnutrition, with most of them in the mild malnutrition category. 3) After 12 weeks of the experiment, the percentage of the ideal body weight (% IBW) of the control group decreased, but that of the MNT group increased. Changes in other anthropometric parameters in both groups during the study period were not significantly different. 4) At the beginning of the study, the 54% of the MNT group consumed more than 28 kcal/kg body weight/day and 50% consumed more than 1.0g protein/kg body weight/day. However, these percentages rose to 71% and 75%, respectively, after 12 weeks of the individualized MNT. 5) The serum albumin and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels of the control group decreased significantly artier 12 weeks of the experiment, while those of the MNT group did not change. 6) After 12 weeks of individualized MNT, the mean score of nutrition knowledge and total mean score of quality of life (QL) of the MNT group were significantly higher than that of th\ulcorner control group. Body pain and social functioning scores of the MNT group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The positive effect of individualized MNT on the hemodialysis patients consisted of their improved nutritional status, nutritional knowledge, and the quality of life. These results suggest that individualized MNT continuously performed by a dietitian can be helpful for hemodialysis patients. However, larger and longer term studies are needed to confirm these positive effects of MNT. In addition, the development of nutritional education programs for MNT is needed to increase the positive impact of MNT.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.29-42
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• 2003

The KSR-3 magnetometers consist of the fluxgate magnetometer (MAG/AIM) for acquiring the rocket flight attitude information, and the search-coil magnetometer (MAG/SIM) for the observation of the Earth's magnetic fluctuations. The position (latitude, longitude, and height) and flight condition (the transformation angle) of the rocket is measured after the data based on these two magnetometers are compared with IGRF The gap in the vector of magnetic field between the position of the launching point and an impact point is taken into account in data reduction. Angular variation of pitch, yaw, and roll can be researched when the data is applied to the coordinate system of the rocket.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2002

Background and Objectives ; This experimental study was conducted to evaluate an anti-stress effect of Gamisachi-tang(加味四七湯) on mice immobilized by stress. Methods : The experimental animals were immobilized by stress for 15 minutes, and administered 9mg/20g or 18mg/20g of Gamisachi-tang(加味四七湯) extract for seven days before they got stressed. The serotonin contents in the frontal cortex, hypothalamus, corpus striatum, hippocampus were measured by HPLC method in rat brain. Results : In frontal cortex, serotonin contents significantly decreased in both sample A and B group compared to the controlled group. In the hypothalamus, serotonin contents increased in both sample A and B group compared to the controlled group. In the corpus striatum, serotonin contents significantly increased in both sample A and B group compared to the controlled group. In the hippocamous, serotonin contents significantly increased in both sample A and B group compared to the controlled group. Conclusions : According to the above results, Gamisachi-tang(加味四七湯) had a significant impact on the changes in serotonin contents, which occurred in a separated part of mouse brain caused by stress.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.503-518
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• 2012

Korean type of no-tillage cultivation method which was applied on this study used the ridge and the furrow and constantly recycling them as it was suitable for Korea's weather and farming conditions. This no-tillage cultivation was reported to have little negative impact such as reduction of production (Kwon et al., 1997). In addition, it was found to have a lot of benefits as it requires less agro-materials and energy costs as well as shortened working hours because tillage operation is not needed. (Yang et al., 2012). According to an analysis, no-tillage cultivation can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by $344.7kgCO^2$ (58%) in every 10a ($1,000m^2$) compared to ordinary pepper farming technique (Korea averages). Direct-indirect reduction effects from using fertilizer and using less amount of energy were 92% and 44% respectively both of which can be considered very high. Besides the direct effects of no-tillage cultivation, soil management using no-tillage technique raises carbon sequestration effect on soil as time goes on (West & Marland, 2002), that is why the technique is expected to have constant carbon emission reduction effect. For theses reasons, distribution and expansion of Korean type no-tillage cultivation are expected to play a role as major agro-green technologies for achieving our goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural sector.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.111-131
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• 2002

Strategic information systems assist organization with the significant opportunity to gain competitive advantage in executing its business plans and realizing its business goals. The universities establish long-range plan of information systems in an effort to provide just-in-time, useful, efficient and effective information services to their members such as professors, students, and staffs when carrying out various organizational activities. The university information systems started from the primitive computer-based application, extended to the administrative and educational e-transformation, even to the virtual university concept. Through an empirical analysis and complementary case examples, the current study carefully chose three Korean universities according to their chronological importance, that have undergone the information systems planning process years from 1995 to 2001. These universities then, were compared in terms of the information technology architecture: the information architecture, infra architecture, and information management architecture. These three areas of system were cross-examined under the consideration of the evolution of information technology architecture, and its impact on the development of university e-transformation. As part of a fulfillment plan to satisfy the needs of customers of current trend, it is evident that the university e-transformation provides a stepladder to highly competitive, first class university in the market, through achieving the educational advancement, research enhancement, and administrative efficiency. The result of the study analysis indicates that, of the three architectures examined, the weakness showed in the information management architecture. Therefore it is crucial for the university staffs, managers and professors to understand the significance of the successful implementation of the information system and its maintenance. Our study certainly will act as a catalyst for the promotion of the future university e-transformation projects.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.312-319
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• 2013

Our understanding of the sensitivities of crop responses to changes in carbon dioxide, temperature, and water is limited, which makes it difficult to fully utilize crop models in assessing the impact of climate change on future agricultural production. Genetic coefficients of CERES-Barley model for major domestic cultivars in South Korea (Olbori at Suwon, Albori at Milyang, Saessalbori at Iksan, and Samdobori at Jinju) were estimated from the observed data for daily weather and field trials for more than 10 years by using GenCalc in DSSAT. Data from 1997-2002 annual crop status report (Rural Development Administration, RDA) were used to validate the crop coefficients. The sitecalibrated CERES-Barley model was used to perform crop growth simulation with the 99 treatments of step change combinations in temperature, precipitation and carbon dioxide concentration with respect to the baseline climate (1981-2010) at four sites. The upper boundary corresponds to the 2071-2100 climate outlook from the RCP 8.5 scenario. The response surface of grain yield showed a distinct pattern of model behavior under the combined change in environmental variables. The simulated grain yield was most sensitive to $CO_2$ concentration, least sensitive to precipitation, and showing a variable response to temperature depending on cultivar. The emulated impacts of response surfaces are expected to facilitate assessment of projected climate impacts on a given cultivar in South Korea.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.673-682
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• 2006

Recent study shows that implant design has a great impact on initial stability in bone. The ITI $TE^{(R)}$ implant, designed originally for immediate placement has a tapered/ cylindrical form which fits the anatomical shape of the natural alvelous or tooth root. The increased diameter at the collar region coupled with more threads lead to more bone contact and enhanced stability. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the clinical use and the efficacy of recently introduced ITI TE implant with a new macro-design. The following results are compiled from 139 patients who received ITl TE implant surgery at the periodontal department. of Yonsei University Hospital between July 2002 and September 2005. 1. 139 patients received 173 ITl $TE^{(R)}$ implants in their maxilla and mandible (Mx 82, Mn 91). Posterior area accounted for 84% of the whole implant surgery, 2. In the distribution of bone quality, type III(41,0%) was the most, followed by type IV(41,0%) and type II (27.7%). As for the bone quantity, type B(43.9%) was the most, followed by type C(42.2%), type D(12.2%) and type A(1.7%). 3. 125 implants(83.9%) were treated by single crown, which accounted for the majority. 4, The total implant survival rate was 100% after a mean follow-up period of 21.2 months. This preliminary data with ITl $TE^{(R)}$ implant showed excellent survival rate although the majority of implants evaluated in this study were placed in the posterior region of the jaw and compromised sites.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2002

Inguinal hernia is a major surgical disease in pediatric surgery, occurring in 3.5% to 5% of all mature newborns and 9% to 11% of all premature babies. The objective of this study is to analyze the predisposing factors in association with recurrences of inguinal hernias in infants and children. In the period from January 1995 to September 2001, 1,575 infants and children who had primary inguinal hernias or recurrent inguinal hernias operated on at the Department of Pediatric Surgery at Seoul National University Hospital were evaluated retrospectively. We evaluated the data by medical records and by telephone interview. The sex, age, location of hernia, comorbidity, prematurity, incarceration, interval to operation after incarceration, postoperative complications were analyzed as predisposing factors in associated with hernia recurrence. Operative findings of recurrent inguinal hernia were reviewed. The data were statistically analyzed with Pearson Chi-Square test and Fisher-exact test. A total of eighteen (1.14%) out of 1,575 patients underwent an operation due to recurrent inguinal hernia. In 5 (27.8%) out of 18 recurred patients, institution of the primary herniorrhaphy was our hospital and in the other 13 (72.2%) was outside hospital. No impact on the development of recurrences was seen for sex, age, interval to operation after incarceration, and postoperative complications. The significant predisposing factors of recurrent inguinal hernias were left inguinal hernias (p=0.002), comorbidity (p=0.002), prematurity (p=0.006), incarceration (p=0.017) and technical error of first herniorrhaphy. We expect that knowledge for predisposing factors of recurrent inguinal hernias and experienced skill of pediatric surgeons will decrease recurrence rate in primary inguinal hernia.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.167-194
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• 2004

This paper examine the gender-poverty gap and the feminization of poverty in Korea with using data from the National Survey Household Income & Expenditure(1996, 2000) and the Urban Survey Household Income & Expenditure(1996-2002) by Korea National Statistical Office. The poverty rate in 2000 was 16.9 percent for female-head families and 7.9 percent for male-head families, which means that female-head families were 2.6 times more likely to be poor than male-head families. With examining impact of economic crisis in 1998 on gender-poverty gap, it show that both the poverty rate of female-head and male-head increase radically in peak of economic crisis, while, in the stage of recovering economy, the poverty rate of male-head families recovered mostly the level before economic crisis, but that of female-head families recover only the 2/3 level before and the 1/3 remain still under poverty. Thus gender-poverty gap appeared bigger during passing through economic crisis. With analyzing on influence factors of poverty, it appear that poverty is influenced by gender itself as well as education level, working condition which is reflected substantially characteristics of gender. Such an analysis results mean that the considering gender dimension is necessary to resolve poverty fundamentally because gender is a point intersection among family, labour market, and social security. Therefore it appears certain that to develop and adopt of women-friendly social policy is effective approach, which could resolve poverty and social problems related to social rights.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 2006

Objectives: DASH (dietary approaches to stop hypertension) diet are recommended as first-line therapy for prevention of hypertension individuals with high normal blood pressure. We studied the effects of DASH program on blood pressure among the pre-hypertension group. Methods: To determine the impact of dietary patterns on the control of hypertension we studied the subgroup of 141 participants with systolic blood pressure of 120 to 139 mm Hg or diastolic BP of 80 to 89mmHg, body mass index(BMI) ${\geq}25kg/m^3$ or waist to hip ratio(WHR) ${\geq}0.95$(for man). 0.85(for woman) enrolled in DASH program. Participants were received of education and consulting about DASH every week for 8 weeks. Results: The level of diet to prevention of hypertension and compliance of DASH increased after education. Also, The DASH program significantly reduced systolic BP (from $136.03{\pm}12.40mmHg$ to $126.09{\pm}11.25mmHg$, p< .01) and diastolic BP (from $81.80{\pm}6.32mmHg$ to $76.44{\pm}10.61mmHg$, p< .01). Conclusion: The DASH program effectively lowers BP and may be useful in achieving prevention of hypertension.