• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.166-169
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• 2018

Repeated use of ACCase inhibiting herbicides for a long time has resulted in increases of resistant Echinochloa oryzicola populations in paddy fields in middle west area of Korea. This study aims to investigate current status of herbicide resistant E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do, in which there is less information about herbicide resistance. For resistance frequency and dose-response study, seeds from 100 individual plants of E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do were collected and tested with cyhalofop-butyl. Seven percent of plants from Gyeongsangnam-do was resistant at a recommended rate of cyhalofop-butyl. $GR_{50}$ values (herbicide rates required to reduce plant growth 50%) for one representative resistant populations and five susceptible populations were $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ and 66-234 (average 147)$g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, indicating average 5 times difference in resistance. Although lower rate of frequency of herbicide resistance in Gyeongsangnam-do than in Jeollabuk-do, increases of herbicide resistance are expected in this area because of increases of direct seeded rice fields and increases of dependence on a specific herbicide. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor herbicide resistance regularly and conduct integrated herbicide resistance management in this area.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.341-350
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• 2016

Background: Prenatal exposure to infectious and/or inflammatory insults can increase the risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorder such as bipolar disorder, autism, and schizophrenia later in life. We investigated whether Valeriana fauriei (VF) treatment alleviates prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficits and social interaction impairment induced by maternal immune activation (MIA). Methods and Results: Pregnant mice were exposed to polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (5 mg/kg, viral infection mimic) on gestational day 9. The adolescent offspring received daily oral treatment with VF (100 mg/kg) and injections of clozapine (5 mg/kg) for 30 days starting on the postnatal day 35. The effects of VF extract treatment on behavioral activity impairment and protein expression were investigated using the PPI analysis, forced swim test (FST), open field test (OFT), social interaction test (SIT), and immunohistochemistry. The MIA-induced offspring showed deficits in the PPI, FST, OFT, and SIT compared to their non MIA-induced counterparts. Treatment with the VF extract significantly recovered the sensorimotor gating deficits and partially recovered the aggressive behavior observed in the SIT. The VF extract also reversed the downregulation of protein expression induced by MIA in the medial prefrontal cortex. Conclusions: Our results provide initial evidence of the fact that the VF extract could reverse MIA-induced behavioral impairment and prevent neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.77.2-77.2
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• 2011

We present our follow-up observation of the recently discovered supernova in M101. Being only 6.4 Mpc away from the Earth, the object is a Type-Ia supernova discovered this close in decades. We followed up this event with various observing facilities including on-campus telescopes at Seoul National University, the McDonald observatoy's 2.1m telescope, and UKIRT 4-m telescope. The light curves and the preliminary analysis of the multi-wavelength data will be presented, which cover the wavelengths from optical to NIR.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.293-308
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the vascular plants in the construction site of the National DMZ Native Botanic Garden. The period of survey was from May 2012 to November 2013. Vascular plants based on voucher specimen were summarized as 313 taxa including 79 families, 211 genera, 272 species, 4 subspecies, 32 varieties, 4 forms and 1 hybrids. The rare plant species designated by Korea Forest Service were 8 taxa including Galium boreale L., Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim., Eranthis stellata Maxim. and Lloydia triflora (Ledeb.) Baker, etc. Endemic plant species were 4 taxa including Salix koriyanagi Kimura, Clematis trichotoma Nakai, Philadelphus schrenkii Rupr. and Cirsium setidens (Dunn) Nakai. Furthermore, 51 taxa were listed as specific plant species based on phytogeographical in the investigated area. The naturalized plants were recorded as 11 taxa, and their Naturalization Ratio and Urbanization Index were recorded as 3.51%, and 3.43%, respectively.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.79.2-79.2
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• 2012

SN 2011fe (also known as PTF 11kly) is a Type-1a supernova that appeared in M101, 2011 August. Being only 6.4 Mpc away, this supernova has been intensively observed by various facilities in the world. We monitored this supernova in UBVRI, grizY, and ZYJHK-bands using SNUO, LOAO, SOAO, CQUEAN/McDonald, UKIRT telescopes, and small telescopes in Korea and Mongolia. The monitoring observation is still ongoing, and the light curve has been accumulated over a year. We present the results of the long-term monitoring observation, together with a light-curve fitting result. We will also discuss our findings in terms of the usefulness of Type-Ia supernovae as a distance indicator.

• CELLMED
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.4
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• 2018

Pharmacopuncture, or herbal acupuncture, is a new form of therapy derived from combinations of two traditional therapeutic methods, herbal medicine and acupuncture therapy. To compare the efficacy between loratadine-pharmacopuncture (LP) and loratadine-oral administration (LO), the effect of loratadine was investigated in murine models. Anti-anaphylactic effects of loratadine treatments were investigated in compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). LP treatment significantly inhibited the compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and PCA. The effect between LP and LO were on a similar level. These results indicate that LP can be used as an alternative method for LO in case of emergency.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to investigate the exposure assessment of Korean consumers to five neonicotinoid pesticides in fruit vegetables cultivated in Korea, using a probabilistic approach. We used five neonicotionid pesticides residues(acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam) data in fruit vegetables reported by Rural Development Administration for the 2009 monitoring programme. Total exposure of five neonicotinoid pesticides for Korean consumer ranged from 0.087 to 0.236 ${\mu}g$/kg/day at the $95^{th}$ percentile. The $95^{th}$ percentile values of total exposure of five neonicotinoid pesticides by probabilistic approach were lower than those by deterministic approach, although mean values of total exposure by probabilistic approach were similar with those of total exposure by deterministic approach. Total exposure to acetamiprid residue may be mainly due to the exposure to acetamiprid through the consumption of strawberry. Also, acetamiprid residues in strawberry were considered as much more contributory factor to total exposure of acetamiprid than consumption data of strawberry. This contributory properties of acetamiprid were similar with those of all other neonicotinoid pesticides, excluding thiacloprid.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.68.1-68.1
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• 2013

Infrared Medium-Deep Survey is a near-infrared imaging survey geared toward understanding the formation and the evolution of quasars and galaxies at high redshift, and studying transient and time-variable objects such as gamma-ray bursts, supernovae, and young stellar objects. The survey uses a multi-tier structure, with deep imaging survey of 100 $deg^2$ using UKIRT to the depth of 23 AB mag, and a shallower imaging of interesting sources using the CQUEAN camera on the 2.1m telescope at McDonald observatory. This talk will give an overview of the survey strategy, the instrument development, and science highlights. The science highlights will include the discovery of high redshift quasars, high redshift galaxy clusters, GRBs, and other interesting sources. At the end of the talk, we will also present the future prospects of our study.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.121-153
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• 2013

We investigated the flora of Mudeung-san (Mt.) located in Gwangju-gwangyeoksi, Hwasun-gun and Damyang-gun and discussed the vascular plants found there. 22 days separate fild trips were completed from March of 2009 to November 2011. As a result, we identified the distribution of 816 taxa in Mudeung-san (Mt.), comprising 123 families, 441 genera, 668 species, 5 subspecies, 121 varieties and 18 forms. There are a total 111 taxa of floristic regional indicator plants. The floristic regional indicator plants are as follows; nine taxa of level V such as Gastrodia elata Blume, six taxa of level IV such as Hylomecon hylomeconoides T. Lee, 21 taxa of level III such as Stewartia korena Nakai, 18 taxa of level II, and 66 taxa of level I. In addition, two critically endangered species (CR), Galeola septentrionalis Rchb.f. and Paeonia obovata Maxim., two endangered species (EN), Dryopteris cycadina (Franch. & Sav.) C.Chr. and Jeffersonia dubia Benth., and eight vulnerable species (VU), such as Lilium callosum Siebold & Zucc, were found in the investigated area. Also, 14 endermic plants of Korea, such as Salix koriyanagi Kimura and Aconitium chiisanense Nakai, were found.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.781-789
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• 2011

We studied the biological activities, including antioxidant compounds, antioxidant activities, anti-proliferative activities, and immunological activities of brown rice and germinated brown rice. We examined the DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and reducing power of 70% ethanol extracts from some cultivars of brown rice and germinated brown rice. The total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and ${\gamma}$-oryzanol contents of the extracts were measured with spectrophotometric methods. The Hongjinjubeyo brown rice and germinated brown rice extracts showed markedly higher antioxidative activity than those of 70% ethanol extracts from other cultivars. The 70% ethanol extracts from brown rice and germinated brown rice had the most effective anti-proliferative activity (cytotoxicity) against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) compared to colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116). A $500\;{\mu}g$/mL concentration of 70% Hongjinjubyeo ethanol extract had higher macrophage and mitogenic activities of immunological activity than other cultivars.