• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.337-349
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• 2016

In this study, an analytical method to evaluate the quality of isoflavonoid compounds purified and isolated from the fruits of Cudrania tricuspidata was developed and validated using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). The fruits of C. tricuspidata were extracted with methanol and further fractioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. The resulting ethyl acetate extract separated into four isoflavonoid compounds by a combination of silica gel and sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The structures of the compounds were elucidated as alpinumisoflavone, 6,8-diprenyl genistein, 6,8-diprenyl orobol, 4'-O-methylalpinumisoflavone by various techniques such as UV-Vis, ESI-MS, $^1H\;NMR$ and $^{13}C\;NMR$ spectroscopy. Finally, a method to characterize the compounds was developed by using the UPLC equipped with a $C_{18}$ column and a gradient mobile phase system consisting of 2% acetic acid in water (solvent A) and 2% acetic acid in methanol (solvent B). The developed method was validated with the parameters such as selectivity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, accuracy, and precision, which are defined by the ICH (International Conference on Harmonization). Using the validated method, the compounds in the fruits harvested in different months were also quantitatively analyzed. We propose this approach this approach can readily be utilized as an efficient evaluation method to quantify the extracts of C. tricuspidata.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.333-340
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• 2019

This study attempted to eatablish a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis method for the determination of avicularin, quercitrin as a part of the quality control for the development of functional cosmetic materials from Astilbe chinensis extract. HPLC was performed on a Capcell Pak C₁₈ MGII column with a gradient elution of 0.05% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 30 ℃. The analyte was detected at 254 nm. The HPLC method was performed in accordance with the international conference on harmonization (ICH) guideline (version 4, 2005) of analytical procedures with respect to specificity, precision, accuracy, and linearity. The limits of detection and quantitation of avicularin and quercitrin were 0.094 and 0.285 mg/mL, 0.031 and 0.095 mg/mL respectively. Calibration curves showed good linearity r² > 0.99990 for avicularin and r² > 0.99994 for quercitrin. Precision of analysis was satisfied with less than 0.59% for avicularin and 0.63% for quercitrin. Recoveries of quantified compounds ranged from 100.97 to 101.77% for avicularin and 100.18 to 100.32% for quercitrin. These result indicated that the established HPLC method is very useful for the determination of marker compounds in A. chinensis extracts.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.10
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• pp.175-200
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• 2004

Bei verschiedenen $Gespr\"{a}chen$ zwischen Frauen und $M\"{a}nnern$ sind mehrere Unterschiede in $Gespr\"{a}chsstrategien$ und -verhalten des jeweiligen Geschlechts zu beobachten. Herkemmlichen Ansichten nach $f\"{u}hrten$ $M\"{a}inner$ $Gespr\"{a}iche$ mit Frauen eher dominativ, $w\"{a}hrend$ Frauen eine deutliche Vorliebe $f\"{u}r$ kooperativ erlaufende $Gespr\"{a}che$ zeigen. Um die $G\"{u}ltigkeit$ dieser Perspektive zu $pr\"{u}fen$, wurden in dieser Albeit insgesamt $zw\"{o}lf$ Beratungsgesprache herangezogen. Daraus ergab sich, dass $M\"{a}nner$ im $Gespr\"{a}ich$ statistisch $h\"{a}ufiger$ die anderen $Gespr\"{a}chsteilnehmer$ unterbrechen. Da ein $Gespr\"{a}ch$ ein komplex vernetztes soziales Geschehen ist, sollte diese Statistik bei der Bestimmung der $Gespr\"{a}chsverhalten$ von zwei Geschiechtern keine entscheidende Rolle spielen. Im Anschluss daran habe ich mick mit Hilfe einiger im Internet gesammelten Daten, mit den $Gesp\"{a}chsverhalten$ bei der so genannten Online-Kommunikation befasst. Bei der Online-Kommunikation lassen sich zwei kontrastive verbale $Umg\"{a}nge$ der Geschlechtern beobachten, $n\"{a}mlich$ ein reibungslos ablaufendes IRC(Internet Relay Chatting) und eine $auff\"{a}llige$ Debatte, die mehrfache Konflikte zwischen den Beteiligten zeigt. Um diese $Ph\"{a}nomene$ auf der Basis der $Gespr\"{a}chsanalyse$ zu $erl\"{a}utern$, werden vol allem das Konzept der Kooperation beim $Gespr\"{a}ch$ und die Dynamik der $Gespr\"{a}chsstruktur$ erneut begriffen. $Schlie{\ss}lich$ werden die unterschiedlichen $Gespr\"{a}chsverhalten$ von Frauen und $M\"{a}nnern$ folgend wiedergegeben: Bei realen Face-To-Face-$Gespr\"{a}chen$ setzen Frauen den Schwerpunkt auf die emotionale und interaktive Kooperation, $w\"{a}hrend$ Manner ihn auf die kognitive Kooperation setzen. Dieser Sachverhait $\"{a}ndert$ sich aber bei der Online-Kommunikation. Auch Manner halten die emotionale und interaktive Kooperation $f\"{u}r$ wichtig und $f\"{u}hren$ mehr kooperative und reibungslose $Gespr\"{a}iche$ mit Frauen. Doch in einer Debatte um ein Thema $verh\"{a}lt$ sich jeder Beteiligte anders. Die moisten benutzen die Strategien, die den geringen Unterschied zwischen den Geschlechtern in Anfangsbedingungen $vergr\"{o}{\ss}ern$, und gleichzeitig die individuellen Unterschiede zwischen demselben Geschiecht verschleichen. Dadurch kann eine Debatte zwischen Geschlechten in Streit ohne Kompromisse geraten.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2005

Contrast extravasation in hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) indicative of active bleeding is a predictor of possible enlargement of hematoma, providing clinician with valid management decisions. We report unusual MR imaging features of contrast extravasation in hyperacute ICH in three patients: Case 1 with hypertension revealed dual foci of contrast extravasation, one in right basal ganglia and the other in left lateral ventricle, suggesting simultaneous bleeding of the two foci. Case 2 with presumed diagnosis of vasculitis showed relatively large area of contrast extravasation mimicking enhancing tumor or vascular lesion. Case 3 with hypertension showed the findings of active bleeding which was likely to occur during the time of MR imaging acquisition.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.250-256
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• 2012

Two marker compounds of Achyranthis Radix, ecdysterone and inokosterone, were analyzed by HPLC on an ODS column ($250{\times}4.6$ mm, 5 ${\mu}m$) with a mobile phase of 15% acetonitrile containing 0.08% formic acid at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and a detection wavelength of UV 254 nm. The method was validated by ICH guideline and applied to the monitoring of marker compounds in 93 samples of Achyranthis Radix collected at various areas in Korea and China. The new content criteria of ecdysterone and inokosterone, established using linear regression method were 0.033% and 0.020%, respectively. When the new content criteria were applied to the quality control test of commercial Achyranthis Radix, 95.4% of total samples including 100% of Korean and 92.6% of Chinese samples were passed the test. Application of new content criteria could protect the Korean products and decrease the distribution of Chinese products with lower quality.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.279-284
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• 2013

A quantitative method using ultra performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (UPLCPDA) was established for the analysis of 2 major plant metabolites: ${\beta}$-asarone and ${\alpha}$-asarone from Acorus gramineus, A. tatarinowii, A. calamus and Anemone altaica, and their contents are compared with other herbs of Acorus species. The method was validated according to the International Conference on harmonization (ICH) guideline for validation of analytical procedures with respect to precision, accuracy, and linearity. The average content of ${\beta}$-asarone in Acorus gramineus was significantly higher than that in others, with the second highest concentration observed in A. tatarinowii, and only a trace amounts found in A. calamus and Anemone altaica. In contrast, the average content of ${\alpha}$-asarone in A. calamus was the highest, followed by that in Acorus gramineus and A. tatarinowii. principle component analysis (PCA) confirmed that ${\beta}$-asarone and ${\alpha}$-asarone content differed among the species. These results suggest that this UPLC-PDA method can be considered as good quality control criteria for Acorus gramineus.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.204-219
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• 2015

International society, including the United Nations, has recently been making efforts to further promote a rapprochement of cultures in relation to alleviating military and political conflicts and other social clashes. In line with these efforts at the international level, there has been a growing interest on Central Asia and, in particular, on the Silk Road, which functioned as a trade route among ancient civilizations in the region and is also seen as a route that promoted cultural dialogue and exchanges. Given the amount of cross cultural dialogue and exchange, it is no surprise that intangible cultural heritage has historically been abundant and easily found in the region. However, this heritage was placed in considerable risk because heritage transmission critically weakened for seventy years under Soviet rule. Fortunately, since independence, there has been increasing interest in restoring community identity and reviving intangible heritage. Nevertheless, in spite of this interest, a lack of policies and cultural support in each country has made heritage safeguarding difficult. In this paper, I analyze the various phenomena that took place after the concept and international trends on ICH were introduced and speak about the experiences and outcomes obtained from collaborative network projects by ICHCAP and the Central Asian countries over the last six year. In addition, I would like take this opportunity to discuss how we can understand and develop collaboration in the intangible heritage field in Central Asia in a long-term perspective.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2019

This study attempted to eatablish a High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis method for the determination of (-)-epicatechin gallate as a part of the quality control for the development of functional cosmetic materials from Penthorum chinense Pursh. HPLC was performed on a Unison $US-C_{18}$ column ($4.6{\times}250mm$, $5{\mu}m$) with a gradient elution of 0.05% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and methyl alcohol at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at $30^{\circ}C$. The analyte was detected at 280 nm. The HPLC method was performed in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guideline (version 4, 2005) of analytical procedures with respect to specificity, precision, accuracy, and linearity. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.11 and 0.33 mg/mL, respectively. Calibration curves showed good linearity ($r^2$ > 0.9999), and the precision of analysis was satisfied (less than 0.6%). Recoveries of quantified compounds ranged from 99.51 to 101.92%. This result indicates that the established HPLC method is very useful for the determination of marker compound in P. chinense Pursh extracts.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2021

In this study, isoscoparin was selected as an indicator component to develop Silene seoulensis extract as a functional cosmetic material, and we developed an analysis method using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for quality control. HPLC was performed on a Unison US-C18 with a gradient elution of 0.05% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and methanol at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 35 ℃, and the detection wavelength was 330 nm. The HPLC method was performed in accordance with the international conference on harmonization (ICH) guideline (version 4, 2005) of analytical procedures with respect to specificity, precision, accuracy, and linearity. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.02 and 0.07 mg/mL respectively. Calibration curves showed good linearity (R2 > 0.99988), and the precision of analysis was satisfied (less than 0.46%). In addition, the recovery rate was in the range of 99.10 to 101.61%, it was shown to be accurate. This result indicated that the established HPLC method is very useful for the determination of marker compounds in Silene seoulensis extracts.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.40
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• pp.163-192
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• 2020

Sinjungsin Mask Play, one of Ttangseolbeop, is related to Seongjusin's life story. Sinjungsin Mask Play is a reconstruction of the story of the folk gods Seongjusin met while returning home. Seongjusin's life story proceeds in the form of Mask Play, and the monk who leads the sermon plays narration and main roles. Many believers play various roles and musicians. Sinjungsin Mask Play introduces many folk beliefs, sounds for intrigue, and talks. Sinjungsin Mask Play uses the same method of enumeration and repetition as the existing Mask Play. The repetition of a sentence or phrase plays a role in foreseeing the meaning of the context or foretelling the development of the plot to the audience. This repetition is intended to emphasize the situation of the scene and to create rhythm. Since Mask Play was exclusively for the common people, Mask Play actors use the repeating method commonly used in folk songs to form lines. This gives the audience a familiarity, effectively communicating the lines and responding to their tastes. Sinjungsin Mask Play borrowed people's way of playing for the public's mission. It inherits the dramatic forms of traditional traditional plays such as repetition of words or sentences or phrases, codification of words or sentences, borrowing of existing songs, and formal expression units. In addition, through repeated performances, believers can easily and easily learn and understand. This is the dramatic form and characteristics of Sinjungsin Mask Play. Sinjungsin Mask Play was handed down from Faith Communities and was used as a means of folk cultivation to spread illegality. Buddhism externalizes the process of accepting folk beliefs through Mask Play, and in the case of Shinto who participated directly or indirectly, they naturally acquire the belief system of Hwaeom Kyung through play. Sinjungsin Mask Play, one of Ttangseolbeop, can be said to have great value as an ICH, as well as popularization and mission.