• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 1998

Serum samples were collected from 100 breeders and their progeny 600 broilers. The breeders and broilers were vaccinated against infectious bronchitis(IB), infectious bursal disease(IBD) and Newcastle disease(ND) viruses according to general vaccination program. The antibodies in serum samples against IB, IBD and ND viruses were detected by ELISA using commercial ELISA kit. Geometric mean titer(GMT) of ELISA was monitored from 1-day-old to 35-day-old broilers and compared to that of breeder chickens. The GMT of ELISA to IB, IBD and ND was declined half level of the day old broiler's antibody titers at about 4, 9 and 4 days of age. The GMT of ELISA to IB, IBD and ND was declined than that of protective antibody titer at about 12, 11, and 15 days of age. Thereafter, the GMT of ELISA to IB, ND were declined and disappeared according to age of broilers. The GMT of ELISA to IBD was declined according to age of broilers, but at 25 days of age increased and 31 days of age increased than that of protective antibody titer. Taken together, these studies led to conclusion that time-course of antibody titers of broilers from vaccinated breeders and that of progeny broliers which vaccinated according to vaccine program. Those are very important data to design vaccine program to breeders and broilers.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.544-550
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• 2013

Tests were carried out on commercial particleboards manufactured in Korea to evaluate and modify formulas which had previously been developed to predict the holding loads of screw on the face and edge of specimen. Screw sizes were No. 6, 8 and 10 used in this study. The withdrawal loads of screws were developed to predict as a function of screw diameter, depth of penetration, specific gravity and IB of particleboard. Predicted equations were fitted to the test results of different length of No. 8 screws. Results of tests indicate that IB is a better predictor of holding loads on the face of particleboard than SG. On the other hand, SG is a good indicator of holding load on the edge of particleboard.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2010

The present study was conducted to investigate the antimutagenic potential of the methanolic extract from the leaves of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas, IB) with the SOS chromotest (umu test) and Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100. The anticarcinogenic effects were also studied by calculation of the $IC_{50}$ on human cancer cell lines and investigating the function of gap junction in rat liver epithelial cells. The IB extract inhibited dose-dependently the ${\beta}$-galactosidase activity induced spontaneously at concentration of more than 200 mg/ml in S. typhimurium TA 1535/pSK 1002, and decreased significantly (p < 0.01) the ${\beta}$-galactosidase activities induced by mutagen 6-chloro-9-[3-(2-chloroethylamino)proylamino]-2-methoxyacridine dihydrochloride (ICR) at dose of more than 0.4 mg/0.1 ml. The IB extract showed no effect on the spontaneous reversions of S. typhimurium TA 98 and 100 but benzo(${\alpha}$)pyrene (BaP)-stimulated reversions were decreased dose-dependently (p < 0.01) at the concentration of more than 100 mg/ml. The $IC_{50}$ value of stomach cancer cells was lower than that of normal rat liver epithelial cells, but the values of colon and uterine cancer cell lines were similar to those of normal rat liver epithelial cells. The transfer of dye through gap junctions was not affected by treatment of the IB extracts at any concentration during treatment periods. The simultaneously treatment of IB extract and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) effectively prevented the inhibition of dye transfer induced by TPA 1 hour after treatment at all exposed concentrations. The number of gap junctions was significantly (p < 0.01) increased by the treatment with IB extract at concentrations of more than 40 ${\mu}g$/ml. The inhibition of the expression of gap junction proteins by TPA (0.01 ${\mu}g$/ml) was recovered dose dependently by the simultaneous treatment of IB extracts. Our data suggest that Ipomea batatas has antimutagenic and anticarcionogenic activity in vitro.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.964-967
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• 2010

Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants have been contributed to quinolone resistance of gram-negative bacteria worldwide. However, little data on the prevalence of these determinants in bacteria from animals are available in Korea. In this study, the prevalence of PMQR genes was investigated with E. coli originating from diseased animals. Among 55 E. coli tested, 11 showed PMQR genes by PCR. The most prevalent genotype was qepA (14.5%), followed by aac(6')-Ib-cr (7.3%) and qnrS (1.8%). Interestingly, two isolates with PMQR genes did not show quinolone resistance in this study. The isolates exhibited higher fluoroquinolone resistance in aac(6')-Ib-cr in combination with qnrS or qepA compared with aac(6')-Ib-cr only. In a conjugal transfer test, PMQR genes were transferred from donor to recipient.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.1141-1150
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• 1999

Renal failure is one of the main causes of economic impacts in the poultry industry and complex syndrome with different severity of clinical signs caused by multiple nephropathogenic factors such as infectious bronchitis viral infection and excess salt and calcium in diet. To evaluate the correlation between severity of renal failure and the causative nephropathogenic factors, one-day-old specific pathogen free chickens were treated with either single causative factor or multiple causative factors described as above. Each group was designed as control for non-treated control, IB for infectious bronchitis virus (IB virus) infection, IBHNa for IB virus infection with high diet salt, IBHCa for IB virus infection with high diet calcium, IBHNC for IB virus infection with high diet salt and calcium, HNa for high diet salt, HCa for high diet calcium and HNC for high diet salt and calcium. Chickens were inoculated with IB virus at 1-day-old and remained on their respective diets until 21 day of age. Plasma $Na^+$, $Cl^-$, BUN, creatinine, calcium and uric acid values were examined. The results obtained were as follows ; IB virus and high dietary calcium combined treatment showed elevated plasma uric acid. BUN and creatinine values were not characteristic on chicken renal failure. But plasma uric acid values were increased according to renal lesion. Hypercalcemia and hyperuricemia did not induce urate deposition and mineralization in the kidney.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.30-46
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• 2020

This research aimed (1) to study and analyze the ability of current information retrieval (IR) systems based on views of information behavior (IB), and (2) to propose a conceptual framework for an IB model based on the collaboration between the system and user, with the intent of developing an IR system that can apply intelligent techniques to enhance system efficiency. The methods in this study consisted of (1) document analysis which included studying the characteristics and efficiencies of the current IR systems and studying the IB models in the digital environment, and (2) implementation of the Delphi technique through an indepth interview method with experts. The research results were presented in three main parts. First, the IB model was categorized into eight stages, different from traditional IB, in the digital environment, which can correspond to all behaviors and be applied to with an IR system. Second, insufficient functions and log file storage hinder the system from effectively understanding and accommodating user behavior in the digital environment. Last, the proposed conceptual framework illustrated that there are stages that can add intelligent techniques to the IR system based on the collaboration perspective between the user and system to boost the users' cognitive ability and make the IR system more user-friendly. Importantly, the conceptual framework for the IB model based on the collaboration perspective between the user and system for IR assisted the ability of information systems to learn, recognize, and comprehend human IB according to individual characteristics, leading to enhancement of interaction between the system and users.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 2013

Brown patch caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB occurred on Kentucky bluegrass during late May through early October 2010 at golf course in Gyeongbuk Province, Korea. Disease symptoms on the turfgrass for spring season were leaf blights dying from the leaf tip, which appeared patches of brown color in the field. However, it appeared patches of dark brown color or gray brown color in fall. The fungus (B-7 isolate) of brown patch was isolated from the diseased leaf tissue and cultured on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) for identification. The young hyphae had acute angular branching and few septa and mature hyphal branches showed about 90-degree angles and development of monilioid cells, which were morphologically identical to Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB reported previously. DNA sequences of ribosomal RNA gene (internal transcribed spacer) of the fungus were homologous with similarity of 99% to those of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB isolates in GenBank database, confirming the identity of the causal agent of the disease. Pathogenicity of the fungus was also confirmed on the creeping bentgrass and Kentucky bluegrass by Koch's postulates. This is the first report of brown patch on Kentucky bluegrass caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IB in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.5-25
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the duties and competencies of the teacher librarian required by schools as consumers to operate the curriculum, and to suggest ways to improve their professionality. To this end, the duties and competencies included in 20 job advertisements posted by IB schools to select teacher librarians were analyzed based on the IFLA School Library Guidelines. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the duties and competencies of IB schools are based on the IB curriculum guidelines and this guideline is based on the educational philosophy and learner image that IBO curriculum aims. And the job that schools want the most from the teacher librarian is teaching through library collection management and collaboration, and the main competencies for this are communication and collaboration skills, teaching-learning·curriculum·education design and operation, and digital & media literacy. The results of this analysis show that the professionalism should be based on the vision for the educated person and learner capabilities presented in the curriculum. Based on this results, in this study the ways for developing teacher librarians' professionalism were presented in the following aspects. First, including the educational responsibilities of the school library in the Arrangement and Implementation Guideline of National Level Curriculum. Second, Classifying human resources' duties through revision of the Enforcement Decree of the School Library Promotion Act. Third, reorganizing of basic courses to acquire teacher librarian qualifications and introducing a demonstration of collaborative teaching in the eduactional practice and the certification examination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.185-185
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• 2009

The aligned liquid crystals (LCs) display on SiNx thin films using ion-beam (IB) irradiation was studied with controllability ofpretilt angle depending on incident energies of the IB. Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) was used to orient the LCs on SiNx alignment films. The LCs alignment property for the SiNx thin films were observed to verify the practical application potential (figure1). A good LCs alignment of vertical alignment LCs cells on SiNx thin film surfaces irradiated with incident IB energy of 1800eV was achieved. Also, a good LC alignment by the IB irradiation on the SiNx thin film surface was observed at an annealing temperature of $180^{\circ}C$. However, the alignment defects of the nematic liquid crystal was observed at an annealing temperature above $230^{\circ}C$. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of LCs on SiNx thin film surfaces irradiated with IB energy was used for the surface analysis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.1383-1387
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• 2009

We report a case of an 18-month-old girl with glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD Ib). Her neutrophil counts had gradually decreased to less than $500/{\mu}L$ by the age of 3 years. However, there were no recurrent bacterial infections. Mutation analysis of the glucose-6-phosphate translocase (G6PT) gene revealed a compound heterozygous missense mutation (Ala148Val/Gly273Asp).