• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.109-140
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• 2006

Background: In practicing qigong, People must achieve three Points : adjust their Posture, control their breathing and have a peace of mind. That is, Cho-Sin [調身] , Cho-Sik [調息] , Cho-Sim [調心] . Slow respiration is the important pattern of respiration to improve the human health. However, unsuitable breathing training have been occurred to mental disorder such as insomnia, anorexia etc. So, we think that the breathing training to consider the individual variations are desired. Objectives: We performed this study to examine the physiological effects of controlled respiration on the normal range of frequency domain electroencephalogram(EEC) in healthy subjects Also, to study examine individual variations according to the physiological effects between controlled respiration and Han-Yeol [寒熱] , respiration period, gender and age-related groups on the EEC in healthy subjects. Methods: When the subjects controlled the time of breathing (inspiration and expiration time) consciously, compared with natural respiration, and that their physiological phenomena are measured by EEC. In this research we used breathing time as in a qigong training (The Six-Word Excise) and observed physiological phenomena of the controlled natural respiration period with the ratio of seven to three(longer inspiration) and three to seven(longer expiration) . We determined, heat-cold score by Han-Yeol [寒熱] questionnaire, average of natural respiration period, according to decade, EEC of 140 healthy subjects (14 to 68 years old; 38 males, 102 females) by means of alpha, beta spectral relative power. Results: 1) In Controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, ${\alpha}\;I\;(Fp2)\;and\;{\beta}$ I (Fpl, Fp2, F3, F4) decreased on the EEC. 2) In controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, ${\beta}$ I (Fpl, Fp2, F3, F4) increased with cold group, ${\alpha}/{\beta}$(F3) decreased with heat group, ${\alpha}$ I (Fp2)increased with cold group in longer inspiration. But by means of compound effects, ${\alpha}$ II(F3) increased with cold group in longer inspiration, the other side ${\alpha}$ I (F3) decreased with heat group in controlled respiration on the EEC. 3) In controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, ${\alpha}$ I (Fp2) decreased with decreased-respiratory-rate(D.R.R.) group, ${\beta}$ I (Fpl, Fp2, F3, F4) increased with D.R.R. and D.R.R. groups, ${\alpha}/{\beta}$(F3) decreased with D.R.R. group. But by means of compound effects, in controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, ${\alpha}/{\beta}$(F3) decreased with D.R.R. group on the EEG. 4) In controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, ${\beta}$ I (Fpl, F3, F4) increased with female cup, ${\beta}$ I (Fp2) increased with male and female groups, ${\alpha}/{\beta}$(F3) decreased with male group. But by means of compound effects, in controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, ${\alpha}$ I (Fp2) increased with female group on the EEC. 5) Compared with the natural respiration, in longer expiration ${\alpha}$ I (Fp2) increased in their forties group, in longer inspiration ${\alpha}$ I (Fp2) increased in their fifties group. But by means of compound effects, in controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, ${\beta}$ I (Fpl) decreased in teens group on the EEG.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1268-1275
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• 2010

Post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) and oedema disease (ED) caused by E. coli F18 always result in economic losses to pig producers, and no effective methods of controlling PWD and ED are presently available. FUT1 has been identified as a candidate gene controlling the expression of E. coli F18 receptor. This study examined the correlation between F18ab and F18ac adhesion phenotypes and the polymorphism at position M307 of the FUT1 gene in three pig breeds (231 Large White, 107 Landrace and 109 Songliao Black). The results showed: i) Both the susceptible genotypes (GG and GA) and the adhesion phenotypes (adhesive or weekly adhesive) were dominant in all three breeds with frequencies over 95%. ii) Three adhesion patterns of the two F18 variants F18ab and F18ac, i.e., ($ab^+$, $ac^+$), ($ab^+$, $ac^-$) and ($ab^-$, $ac^-$), were found in all three breeds, and there was no significant difference in the distribution of adhesion phenotypes of the two variants (separately or jointly) among the three breeds (p>0.05). iii) The FUT1 M307 genotypes were completely associated with the F18ab adhesion phenotypes and very strongly associated with the F18ac adhesion phenotypes. All individuals of genotype AA were non-adhesive to both F18ab and F18ac. All individuals of genotype GG or GA were adhesive to F18ab, whereas 11% of them were non-adhesive to F18ac. These results suggest that the polymorphism at FUT1 M307 can be used for marker-assisted selection of PWD and ED resistant pigs.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.399-405
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• 2018

임상검사실에서의 혈소판 수 계산은 지혈이상의 진단과 치료에 필수적이며, 혈소판 수가 적은 경우 혈소판 수혈이 필요하고 항암치료 후 혈소판 수 경과를 모니터링하는데 매우 중요하다. 정도관리는 환자결과를 내보내기 전에 검사실에서 오류를 줄이고 교정하는 과정이며 분절된 적혈구는 혈소판과 크기가 비슷하여 혈소판 수 계산에 영향을 미친다. 검사실에서 내부정도관리low QC물질이 2SD를 벗어난 것을 경험하였고, 지금까지 용혈과 혈소판 지표들과의 관계에 대해 밝혀진 것이 충분하지 않아 연구를 시작하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 XN CHECK low level QC물질을 이용해 PLT-I, PLT-O, PLT-F 방법간의 혈소판 수치를 비교하였으며, 용혈검체를 만들어 5가지 혈소판지표들에 대해 비교분석 하였다. 그 결과PLT-F방법에서 CV값이 가장 적게 나타났으며, 용혈검체에서 P-LCR 수치가 18.4%에서 31.9%로 증가함을 보였다. 이 연구를 통해 혈소판 수치가 낮은 경우는 PLT-F방법으로 하는 것이 더 정확하며, 검체가 용혈이나 변질이 의심되는 경우 이를 평가할 때 P-LCR을 새로운 지표로 제시하고 있으며, 사람 혈액검체를 이용한 추후 연구가 더 필요할 것이라고 사료된다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2002

Mechatronic subsystems are more and more developed in automotive industries. To enhance the local controls performances, a cooperative control between ABS and Suspension systems is proposed. The respective controls are first designed separately with their dedicated models. Then a hybrid hierarchical architecture is developed. The advantage of this architecture is discussed through vehicle performance with simulation results.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.128-140
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• 1999

To evaluate the antitumor activity, antimetastatic and immunomodulatory effects of samryongbakchulsankamibang(SBSK) studies were done experimentally, In cytotoxicity against P388, A549. SK-OV-3, B16-F10 and SK-MEL-2. concentration inhibiting cell growth up to below 40% of control was recognized at $10^{-3}g/ml$ of SBSK. In Inhibitory effect on activity of DNA topoisomerase I. the $IC_{50}$ was shown $200-400{\mu}g/ml$ of SBSK. The T/C was 154% in SBSK-treated group in S-180 bearing ICR mice, The concentration inhibiting adhesion of A549 and B16-F10 to complex extracellular matrix up to below 30% of control was recognized at $5{\times}10^{-4}$, $1{\times}10^{-3}\;g/ml$ of SBSK. In pumonary colonization assay with B16-BL/6, a number of colonies in the lungs were decreased significantly in SBSK-treated group as compared with control group, In hematological changes in B16-BL/6 injected C57BL/6, numbers of WBC and platelet were not changed significantly in SBSK-treated groups, In CAM and in vitro neovascularization assay, angiogenesis was inhibited significantly in SBSK-treated group as compared with control group. From above results it was concluded that SBSK could be usefully applied for the prevention and treatment of cancer.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.161-171
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• 1989

The development of 2-cell mouse embryos to the blastocyst stage in vitro has been used as quality control for the culture media and supplements employed for human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET). 2-cell mouse embryos were cultured to the blastocyst stage in SECM, Medium 199-Earle's, Ham's F-10 I , Ham's F-10 II , Hoppe & Pitts, MEM and $HT_6$. The protein supplements contained in media were bovine serum albumine, fetal bovine serum and human fetal cord serum. The results were as follows; 1. The successful development was 81.3% in Medium 199-Earle’s, 91.9% in Ham’s F-10 I and 97.1% in $HT_6$. 2. 2-cell mouse embryos developed properly in all supplements but the best development was particularly noted in $HT_6$ media when HFCS was supplied as protein supplement.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2001

Recently, severe wear on the shutdown rod cladding of Ulchin Nuclear Power Plant #1, #2 were observed by the Eddy Current Test(E.C.T.). In particular, the wear at the sixth card location was up to 75%. The test results indicated that the Flow Induced Vibration(F.I.V.) might be the cause of the fretting wear resulting from the contact between Rod Cluster Control Assemblies(RCCAs) and their spacing cards(guide plates) arranged in the guide tube. From reviewing RCCAs fretting wear repots and analyzing the general characteristics of F.I.V. mechanism in the reactor, geometric layout and flow conditions around the control rod, it is concluded that the turbulence excitation is the most probable vibration mechanism of RCCA. To identify the governing mechanism of RCCA vibration, an experiment was performed for a representative rod position in which the most serious fretting wear experienced among the six rod positions. The experimental rig was designed and set up to satisfy the governing nondimensional numbers which are Reynolds number and mass damping parameter. The vibration amplitude measurement by the non-contact laser displacement sensor showed good agreements in the frequency and the maximum wearing(vibration) location with Ulchin E.C.T. results and Framatome report, respectively. The sudden increase in the vibration amplitude was sensed around the 6th guide plate with mass flow rate variation. Comparing the similitude rod behaviour with the idealized response of a cylinder in flow induced vibration, it was found that he dominant mechanism of vibration was transferred from turbulence excitation to periodic shedding at the mass flow ate 90ι/min. Also the critical velocity of the vibration in RCCAs was determined and the vibration can be prevented by reducing the bypass flow rate below the critical velocity.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2014

Cell migration requires a defined cell polarity which is formed by diverse cytoskeletal components differentially localized to the poles of cells to extracellular signals. Rap-GAP3 transiently and rapidly translocates to the cell cortex in response to chemoattractant stimulation and localizes to the leading edge of migrating cells. Here, we examined localization of truncated RapGAP3 proteins and found that the I/LWEQ domain in the central region of RapGAP3 was sufficient for posterior localization in migrating cells, as opposed to leading-edge localization of full-length Rap-GAP3. All truncated proteins accumulated at the leading edge of migrating cells exhibited clear translocation to the cell cortex in response to stimulation, whereas proteins localized to the posterior in migrating cells displayed no translocation to the cortex. The I/LWEQ domain appears to passively accumulate at the posterior region in migrating cells due to exclusion from the extended front region in response to chemoattractant stimulation rather than actively being localized to the back of cells. Our results suggest that posterior localization of the I/LWEQ domain of RapGAP3 is likely related to F-actin, which has probably different properties compared to newly formed F-actin at the leading edge of migrating cells, at the lateral and posterior regions of the cell.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2004

목적: 생체 내로 이식한 신경 줄기 세포의 이동과 증식을 비침습적으로 추적하는 것은 기초와 임상에서 중요한 것으로 알려져 있다. 신경줄기 세포주(F3)를 생체내로 이식 후, 비침습적으로 추적하기 위해 사람의 hNIS 유전자를 F3 세포에 안정적으로 형질 도입하여 세포 배양 시간 및 조건에 따른 F3-NIS 세포 내에서 hNIS 유전자의 발현 변화를 알아보았다. 방법: HB1.F3는 태아 종뇌에서 신경 줄기 세포를 분리한 후 v-myc유전자로 불멸화한 신경줄기 세포주이다. CMV 프로모터 조절 받도록 hNIS와 하이그로마이신 저항 유전자를 IRES(internal ribosomal entry site)를 이용하여 재조합하였다(pIRES-NIS/Hyg). pIRES-NIS/Hyg를 리포좀을 이용하여 HB1.F3 세포를 형질전환 하였다. 탈메틸화시약(5-Azacytidine)와 히스톤탈아실화효소저해제(trichostatin; TSA)을 세포주에 24시간 처리한 후, hNIS 발현을 I-125 섭취율과 역전사효소 중합효소연쇄반응(RT-PCR)으고 측정하였다. 결과: pIRES-NIS/Hyg 재조합 유전자를 HB1.F3에 형질도입 후, 2주 동안 하이그로마이신 B를 처리해 hNIS 유전자를 안정적으로 발현하는 HB1.F3 세포를 얻었다(F3-NIS III). I-125 섭취율은 HB1.F3에 비해 F3-NIS가 12.9배 높았으며, $KClO_4$를 처리 했을 때 F3-NIS의 I-125 섭취가 완전히 저해되었다. F3-NIS를 계대 배양하면 hNIS 유전자의 발현이 1.9배 까지 서서히 감소하였다. 5-Azacytidine과 TSA를 F3-NIS에 24시간 처리한 결과, I-125 섭취율이 5-Azacytidine과 TSA 농도에 따라 증가되었다. 또한 같은 방법으로 F3-NIS 세포에 5-Azacytidine과 TSA를 처리한 후 hNIS 프라이머로 RT-PCR을 수행한 결과 hNIS mRNA가 농도에 따라 증가 되었다. 결론: hNIS 유전자 이입된 F3 세포는 계대 배양하는 동안 생물학적인 특성이 변화되는 것으로 관찰되었으며, 이는 줄기 세포에 이입된 외래 유전자의 발현이 DNA 탈메틸화나 히스혼아세틸화를 통한 에피지네틱 조율 때문이라고 생각한다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.355-368
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• 1999

This study was a quasi-experimental study to investigate the effect of a telephone follow-up on the self-care and the satisfaction on nursing care in G-I surgical patients. The subjects of the study were 38 patients, 19 in experimental group and 19 in control group, who discharged after gastrointestinal surgery at a university hospital in Taegu between August 11. 1998 and October 16, 1998. The telephone follow-up program for the experiment was developed by the researcher, which contained consultation, support and encouragement for self-care after discharge. Number of the instruments used for measurement of the outcome variables were 5, self-care after discharge, satisfaction(1)${\sim}$(2) on Nursing care. intention to visit the hospital again. intention to recommend the hospital to others. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The first hypothesis, "The subjects of experimental group will show a higher level of self-care than the subjects of control group" was rejected (F=.48. p=.4937). 2. The Second hypothesis. "The subjects of experimental group will show a higher level of satisfaction than the subjects of control group" was accepted partly as follows. 1) The hypothesis 2-1, "The subjects of experimental group will show a higher level of satisfaction(1) than the subjects of control group" was accepted(F=4.04. p=.0496). 2) The hypothesis 2-2. "The subjects of experimental group will show a higher level of satisfaction(2) than the subjects of control group" was accepted(F=8.48. p=.0064). 3) The hypothesis 2-3, "The subjects of experimental group will show a higher level of intention to visit hospital again than the subjects of control group" was rejected(F=1.95. p=.1723). 4) The hypothesis 2-4. "The subjects of experimental group will show a higher level of intention to recommend the hospital to others than the subjects of control group" was rejected(F=1.43. p=.2411) . From the results of this study, the telephone follow-up can be regarded as an effective nursing intervention for the discharged patients.